Incidence of and risk factors for small vulnerable newborns in north India: a secondary analysis of a prospective pregnancy cohort.

Background: Globally, recent estimates have shown there have been 3·6 million stillbirths and neonatal deaths in 2022, with nearly 60% occurring in low-income and middle-income countries. The Small Vulnerable Newborn Consortium has proposed a framework combining preterm birth (<37 weeks of gestation), small for gestational age (SGA) by INTERGROWTH-21st standard, and low birthweight (<2500 g) under the category small vulnerable newborns (SVN). Reliable data on SVN from sub-Saharan Africa, central Asia, and south Asia are sparse.

Genetic variants associated with spontaneous preterm birth in women from India: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Despite having the highest number of preterm births globally, no genomic study on preterm birth was previously published from India or other South-Asian countries.

Methods: We conducted a genome-wide association (GWA) study of spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) on 6211 women from India. We used a novel resampling procedure to identify the associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) followed by haplotype association analysis and imputation.

Genome-wide temporal landscaping of DNA methylation in pregnant women delivering at term: a GARBH-InI study.

We performed an epigenome-wide longitudinal DNA methylation study on an Indian cohort of pregnant women, GARBH-Ini, at three time points during pregnancy and at delivery. Our aim was to identify temporal DNA methylation changes in maternal peripheral blood during the period of gestation and assess their impact on biological pathways critical for term delivery. Significantly differentially methylated CpGs were identified by linear mixed model analysis (Bonferroni p < 0.

Severity and mortality associated with COVID-19 among children hospitalised in tertiary care centres in India: a cohort study.

Background: It is critical to identify high-risk groups among children with COVID-19 from low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) to facilitate the optimum use of health system resources. The study aims to describe the severity and mortality of different clinical phenotypes of COVID-19 in a large cohort of children admitted to tertiary care hospitals in India.

Methods: Children aged 0-19 years with evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection (real time polymerase chain reaction or rapid antigen test positive) or exposure (anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody, or history of contact with SARS-CoV-2) were enrolled in the study, between January 2021 and March 2022 across five tertiary hospitals in India.

Gestational weight gain trajectories in GARBH-Ini pregnancy cohort in North India and a comparative analysis with global references.

Background: To describe the pattern of gestational weight gain (GWG), derive reference centiles for GWG specific to North Indian population, and to compare the weight gain across different periods of gestation with the INTERGROWTH-21st reference.

Methods: A prospective pregnancy (GARBH-Ini) cohort was initiated and followed between May 2015 and June 2019 in a district hospital, Gurguram, North India. GWG centile curves were modelled by Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale and Shape method (n = 2844) and compared with INTERGROWTH-21st reference.