Publications by authors named "U Buchwald"
Introduction: Infant immunization programs using pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have reduced the rates of pneumococcal disease through direct vaccine-induced protection in vaccinated children and through indirect protection in non-vaccinated children and adults.
Areas Covered: This review summarizes current evidence on the indirect protection of adults conferred by pediatric pneumococcal vaccination, including the impact on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) incidence and mortality, pneumonia admissions, and nasopharyngeal carriage prevalence. Factors affecting indirect protection against IPD are also discussed.
Pneumococcal vaccines are a cornerstone for the prevention of pneumococcal diseases, reducing morbidity and mortality in children and adults worldwide. Pneumococcal vaccine composition is based on the polysaccharide capsule of , which is one of the most important identified contributors to the pathogen's virulence. Similarities in the structural composition of polysaccharides included in licensed pneumococcal vaccines may result in cross-reactivity of immune response against closely related serotypes, including serotypes not included in the vaccine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSafety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of an adult pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, V116 (STRIDE-3): a randomised, double-blind, active comparator controlled, international phase 3 trial.
Lancet Infect Dis
October 2024
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of V116, a new 21-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) specifically designed for adults, contrasting it with the existing PCV20.
- Conducted as a phase 3 trial across 112 clinical sites in 11 countries, participants were divided into two cohorts: those aged 50 and older and those aged 18-49, receiving either V116 or PCV20 through random assignment.
- The research focuses on four primary immunogenicity outcomes, comparing the immune responses between V116 and PCV20 to determine if V116 is non-inferior or superior, emphasizing its potential advantages for specific pneumococcal serotypes
Global use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) with increasingly broader serotype coverage has helped to reduce the burden of pneumococcal disease in children and adults. In clinical studies comparing PCVs, higher-valency PCVs have met noninferiority criteria (based on immunoglobulin G geometric mean concentrations and response rates) for most shared serotypes. A numeric trend of declining immunogenicity against shared serotypes with higher-valency PCVs has also been observed; however, the clinical relevance is uncertain, warranting additional research to evaluate the effectiveness of new vaccines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Solid organ transplant recipients have a higher risk of HPV-related diseases, including anal squamous cell cancer (ASCC), but current screening guidelines are lacking.
- A survey of 113 liver transplant centers across the U.S. revealed that only 46% of centers screen for ASCC, and only 12.5% have formal guidelines for screening.
- The study highlights the need for better data, training, and resources to enhance ASCC prevention among liver transplant recipients, as many centers do not regularly assess HPV vaccination status.