Diet quality from early pregnancy through 1-y postpartum: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Although diet quality during pregnancy and postpartum is important for multiple parent and child outcomes, within-person changes in diet quality throughout these periods have not been extensively examined.

Objectives: This study investigated diet quality from early pregnancy through 1 y postpartum and examined differences by sociodemographic characteristics in participants receiving obstetric care in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States.

Methods: Participants completed 24-h dietary recalls at 6 study visits (each pregnancy trimester and 6 wk, 6 mo, and 1 y postpartum) (n = 383).

Dynamic change of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in chronic hepatitis C patients after viral eradication: A nationwide registry study in Taiwan.

Background/aims: Steatotic liver disease (SLD) is a common manifestation in chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Metabolic alterations in CHC are associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). We aimed to elucidate whether hepatitis C virus (HCV) eradication mitigates MASLD occurrence or resolution.

Place-Based Opportunity and Well Child Visit Attendance in Early Childhood.

Background: Lower neighborhood opportunity, measured by the Child Opportunity Index [COI], is associated with increased pediatric morbidity, but is less frequently used to examine longitudinal well child care. We aimed to evaluate associations between the COI and well child visit [WCV] attendance from birth - <36 months of age.

Methods: The Upstate KIDS population-based birth cohort includes children born 2008-2010 in New York state.

Child Opportunity Index Mobility, Recurrent Wheezing, and Asthma in Early Childhood: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study.

We prospectively examined associations between mobility in neighborhood opportunity and early childhood recurrent wheezing/asthma. Downward mobility was associated with developing asthma, but not recurrent wheezing, though associations were attenuated after adjusting for family-level socioeconomic status. Elucidating how neighborhoods impact asthma may inform asthma equity initiatives in early childhood.

Impact of Telemedicine on Blood Glucose Control and Ophthalmic Screenings for Patients with Diabetes in Remote Areas During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Real-World Study in Northern Taiwan.

The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of telemedicine on ophthalmic screening and blood glucose control for patients with diabetes in remote areas of Northern Taiwan during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Telemedicine was implemented in Shiding and Wanli Districts using a 5G platform from April 2021 to December 2022. Patients with poorly controlled diabetes received real-time consultations from endocrinologists at Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, 50 km away, for medication adjustment, diet control, and lifestyle recommendations.

Early Infant Feeding Practices and Associations with Growth in Childhood.

Early infant growth trajectories have been linked to obesity risk. The aim of this study was to examine early infant feeding practices in association with anthropometric measures and risk of overweight/obesity in childhood. A total of 2492 children from Upstate KIDS, a population-based longitudinal cohort, were included for the analysis.

A case report of isolated arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy: phenotypes, diagnosis, and treatment.

Background: Isolated arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy (IALVC) is a hereditary cardiomyopathy that is characterized by the replacement of left ventricular (LV) cardiomyocytes with fibrous and adipose tissue.

Case Summary: A 55-year-old male patient presented with recurrent chest pain and palpitations characterized by episodes of monomorphic ventricular tachycardia and T-wave inversion. Coronary angiography was conducted to rule out myocardial ischaemia as the cause of chest pain.

Unraveling the promoter effect and the roles of counterion exchange in glycosylation reaction.

The stereoselectivity of glycosidic bond formation continues to pose a noteworthy hurdle in synthesizing carbohydrates, primarily due to the simultaneous occurrence of S1 and S2 processes during the glycosylation reaction. Here, we applied an in-depth analysis of the glycosylation mechanism by using low-temperature nuclear magnetic resonance and statistical approaches. A pathway driven by counterion exchanges and reaction byproducts was first discovered to outline the stereocontributions of intermediates.

The Efficacy of Anthropometric Indicators in Predicting Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Using FibroScan CAP Values among the Taiwanese Population.

The controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) measurement obtained from FibroScan is a low-risk method of assessing fatty liver. This study investigated the association between the FibroScan CAP values and nine anthropometric indicators, including the abdominal volume index (AVI), body fat percentage (BFP), body mass index (BMI), conicity index (CI), ponderal index (PI), relative fat mass (RFM), waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (fatty liver). We analyzed the medical records of adult patients who had FibroScan CAP results.

Environmentally friendly Nafion-catalyzed synthesis of 3-substituted isoquinoline by using hexamethyldisilazane as a nitrogen source under microwave irradiation.

This study developed an eco-friendly method to synthesize 3-arylisoquinoline from 2-alkynylbenzaldehydes using Nafion® NR50 as an acidic catalyst and hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) as a nitrogen source. The reaction proceeded a 6- cyclization under microwave irradiation, giving the corresponding isoquinolines in excellent yields. The advantages of this protocol include: (1) the use of recyclable acid catalysts, (2) transition-metal-free catalysis, and (3) the effective formation of the target product.

Examining attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and related behavioral disorders by fertility treatment exposure in a prospective cohort.

Purpose: To evaluate whether underlying infertility and mode of conception are associated with childhood behavioral disorders.

Methods: Oversampling on fertility treatment exposure using vital records, the Upstate KIDS Study followed 2057 children (of 1754 mothers) from birth to 11 years. Type of fertility treatment and time to pregnancy (TTP) were self-reported.

Effects of Achieving SVR on Clinical Characteristics and Surgical Outcomes in Patients Who Developed Early-Stage HCV-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Received Curative Resection: Preoperative versus Postoperative SVR.

The high accessibility to healthcare and increasing awareness of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance after sustained virologic response (SVR) to HCV treatment allow early detection of operable HCC in Taiwan. However, the effects of achieving SVR on patient characteristics and surgical outcomes after curative resection remain elusive. We aimed to compare the clinical presentation and postoperative prognosis among patients with early-stage HCV-related HCC and different viral status.

Expression of connexin 43 protein in cardiomyocytes of heart failure mouse model.

Heart failure (HF) is the end stage of various cardiovascular diseases, with high morbidity and mortality, and is associated with a poor prognosis. One of the primary causes of HF is aortic valve disease, manifested by progressive aortic valve stenosis (AVS), resulting in increased left ventricular load, ventricular hypertrophy, ultimately ventricular dysfunction, and HF. Early assessment of the degree of cardiomyopathy and timely intervention is expected to improve patients' cardiac function and delay or even avoid the occurrence of HF.

An Integrated Community-Based Blood Pressure Telemonitoring Program - A Population-Based Observational Study.

Background: Home blood pressure telemonitoring (BPT) has been shown to improve blood pressure control. A community-based BPT program (the + program) was launched in 2015 in an urban area around a medical center.

Objectives: To examine the impact of the BPT program on the use of medical resources.

Effects of Para-Toluenesulfonamide on Canine Melanoma Xenotransplants in a BALB/c Nude Mouse Model.

The pharmacological pathway of para-toluenesulfonamide (PTS) restricts the kinase activity of the mammalian target of rapamycin, potentially leading to reductions in cell division, cell growth, cell proliferation, and inflammation. These pathways have a critical effect on tumorigenesis. We aimed to examine the antitumor effect of PTS or PTS combined with cisplatin on canine melanoma implanted in BALB/c nude mice by estimating tumor growth, apoptosis expression, inflammation, and metastasis.

Conception by fertility treatment and cardiometabolic risk in middle childhood.

Objective: To evaluate whether children conceived using assisted reproductive technology (ART) or ovulation induction (OI) have greater cardiometabolic risk than children conceived without treatment.

Design: Clinical assessments in 2018-2019 in the Upstate KIDS cohort.

Setting: Clinical sites in New York.

The anticancer effects of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside combined with 5-fluorouracil on lung large-cell carcinoma in nude mice.

The haskap (Lonicera caerulea L., Caprifoliaceae) berry has been widely used in traditional medicine in Kuril Islands, Russia, Japan, and China. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) is the most abundant anthocyanin in haskap berries, and C3G induces antiproliferative pharmacological activity in various cancer cells.

Maternal obesity, gestational weight gain, and offspring asthma and atopy.

Background: Maternal obesity may affect offspring asthma and atopic disease risk by altering fetal immune system development. However, few studies evaluate gestational weight gain (GWG).

Objective: To evaluate relationships between maternal body mass index (BMI), GWG, and persistent wheeze, eczema, allergy, and asthma risk in offspring through middle childhood.

Infertility treatment associated with childhood asthma and atopy.

Study Question: Are children who were conceived with infertility treatment at an increased risk of developing asthma and atopic conditions?

Summary Answer: Infertility treatment is associated with an elevated risk of asthma and atopic conditions in early and middle childhood, even after adjustment for parental asthma and atopy.

What Is Known Already: Asthma and atopic conditions are prevalent in childhood. The development of these conditions may be linked to early life exposures, including the use of infertility treatments.

Use of Electronic Auscultation in Full Personal Protective Equipment to Detect Ventilation Status in Selective Lung Ventilation: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Chest auscultation is the first procedure performed to detect endotracheal tube malpositioning but conventional stethoscopes do not conform to the personal protective equipment (PPE) protocol during the COVID-19 pandemic. This double-blinded randomized controlled trial evaluated the feasibility of using ear-contactless electronic stethoscope to identify endobronchial blocker established selective lung ventilation, simulating endobronchial intubation during thoracic surgery with full PPE. Conventional and electronic auscultation was performed without and with full PPE, respectively, of 50 patients with selective lung ventilation.

Age of Juice Introduction and Child Anthropometry at 2-3 and 7-9 Years.

Objectives: To assess the association between age of juice introduction and child anthropometry after the American Academy of Pediatrics changed their guidelines in 2017 to recommend delaying juice introduction until at least 12 months of age (previously 6 months), citing concerns of weight gain.

Study Design: Upstate KIDS is a prospective birth cohort with follow-up through 9 years of age. Juice introduction was assessed on parental questionnaires at 4-18 months and categorized as <6, 6-<12, and ≥12 months.

The Ameliorative Effects of Saikosaponin in Thioacetamide-Induced Liver Injury and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice.

Liver disorders are a major health concern. Saikosaponin-d (SSd) is an effective active ingredient extracted from , a traditional Chinese medicinal plant, with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, its hepatoprotective properties and underlying mechanisms are unknown.

Imipramine Accelerates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Renal Impairment, Diabetic Retinopathy, Insulin Resistance, and Urinary Chromium Loss in Obese Mice.

Imipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant that has been approved for treating depression and anxiety in patients and animals and that has relatively mild side effects. However, the mechanisms of imipramine-associated disruption to metabolism and negative hepatic, renal, and retinal effects are not well defined. In this study, we evaluated C57BL6/J mice subjected to a high-fat diet (HFD) to study imipramine's influences on obesity, fatty liver scores, glucose homeostasis, hepatic damage, distribution of chromium, and retinal/renal impairments.

Predictors of Age at Juice Introduction and Associations with Subsequent Beverage Intake in Early and Middle Childhood.

Background: The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that if parents choose to introduce juice, they wait until ≥12 months, citing concerns of obesity and dental caries.

Objectives: We sought to identify correlates of early juice introduction (<6 months) and determine whether early introduction establishes a pattern of sugary beverage intake in childhood.

Methods: Upstate KIDS is a prospective birth cohort study with follow-up through 7 years (n = 4989).