Targeting GPER1 to suppress autophagy as a male-specific therapeutic strategy for iron-induced striatal injury.

The functional outcome of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in young male patients are poor than in premenopausal women. After ICH, ferrous iron accumulation causes a higher level of oxidative injury associated with autophagic cell death in striatum of male mice than in females. In rodent model of ferrous citrate (FC)-infusion that simulates iron accumulation after ICH, female endogenous estradiol (E) suppresses autophagy via estrogen receptor α (ERα) and contributes to less injury severity.

Deriving a sub-nanomolar affinity peptide from TAP to enable smFRET analysis of RNA polymerase II complexes.

Our capability to visualize protein complexes such as RNA polymerase II (pol II) by single-molecule imaging techniques has largely been hampered by the absence of a simple bio-orthogonal approach for selective labeling with a fluorescent probe. Here, we modify the existing calmodulin-binding peptide (CBP) in the widely used Tandem Affinity Purification (TAP) tag to endow it with a high affinity for calmodulin (CaM) and use dye-CaM to conduct site-specific labeling of pol II. To demonstrate the single molecule applicability of this approach, we labeled the C-terminus of the Rpb9 subunit of pol II with donor-CaM and a site in TFIIF with an acceptor to generate a FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer) pair in the pol II-TFIIF complex.

[Equipping nurses with psychiatric mental health nursing skills for the 21st century].

In the fast changing environment of 21st century, life can be difficult to manage and personal relationships and interaction more complicated. They cause life stress. Hardiness of personality is therefore more important than before.