Mouse islet-derived stellate cells are similar to, but distinct from, mesenchymal stromal cells and influence the beta cell function.

Aims: Evidence is accumulating of the therapeutic benefits of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in diabetes-related conditions. We have identified a novel population of stromal cells within islets of Langerhans - islet stellate cells (ISCs) - which have a similar morphology to MSCs. In this study we characterize mouse ISCs and compare their morphology and function to MSCs to determine whether ISCs may also have therapeutic potential in diabetes.

Mesenchymal stromal cell secretory molecules improve the functional survival of human islets.

Aims: Human islet transplantation as a therapy for type 1 diabetes is compromised by the loss of functional beta cells in the immediate post-transplantation period. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived secretory peptides improve the outcomes of islet transplantation in rodent models of diabetes. Here, we utilized a mouse model for human islet transplantation and assessed the effects of a cocktail of MSC-secreted peptides (screened by MSC-secretome for human islet GPCRs) on the functional survival of human islets.

Sesamin and Hepatic Metabolites Derived from Sesamin and Episesamin Antagonize Farnesoid X Receptor and Reduce the Expression of Gluconeogenesis-Related Genes.

Sesamin and episesamin are the main lignans found in refined sesame oil and have been reported to exert various health benefits. However, the health benefits of these lignans and their molecular mechanisms have not been fully understood. This study evaluated the effects of sesamin, episesamin, and their metabolites on the nuclear bile acid receptor, farnesoid X receptor (FXR, NR1H4), which regulate gene expression involved in bile acid metabolism and gluconeogenesis.

Ophiocordyceps formosana improves hyperglycemia and depression-like behavior in an STZ-induced diabetic mouse model.

Background: A newly defined Cordyceps species, Ophiocordyceps formosana (O. formosana) has been implicated in multitudinous bioactivities, including lowering glucose and cholesterol levels and modulating the immune system. However, few literatures demonstrate sufficient evidence to support these proposed functions.

Evaluation of an Epitypified Ophiocordyceps formosana (Cordyceps s.l.) for Its Pharmacological Potential.

The substantial merit of Cordyceps s.l. spp.

Synergistic property of cordycepin in cultivated Cordyceps militaris-mediated apoptosis in human leukemia cells.

Cordyceps militaris is a well-known Chinese traditional medicinal mushroom frequently used for tonics and recently of a potential interest for cancer intervention. Here, we explored the cancer cell killing activity of the hot water extracts of C. militaris cultured mycelia (CM(MY)) and cultivated fruiting bodies (CM(FB)).