Evaluation of clonal hematopoiesis and mosaic loss of Y chromosome in cardiovascular risk: An analysis in prospective studies.

Background: Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) was initially linked to a twofold increase in atherothrombotic events. However, recent investigations have revealed a more nuanced picture, suggesting that CHIP may confer only a modest rise in myocardial infarction (MI) risk. This observed lower risk might be influenced by yet unidentified factors that modulate the pathological effects of CHIP.

Burden of Cardio-Cerebrovascular and Renal Diseases Attributable to Systolic Hypertension in France in 2021.

Background: Hypertension is the most common chronic disease and a major modifiable risk factor for cardio-cerebrovascular and renal diseases. This study estimated the national burden of hypertension, defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg, on morbidity and mortality in 2021 in France.

Methods: For all diseases causally associated with hypertension (cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney diseases, and dementia), the number and proportion of cases attributable to hypertension in adults aged ≥35 years were estimated using population attributable fractions.

The transition from cigarette smoking to the exclusive or partial use of e-cigarettes: A multi-stage mixed methods study among French university students.

Background: Few studies have estimated the frequency of e-cigarette use by smoking status among French young adults, and how those who smoke tobacco start and continue to use e-cigarettes. Our aim was to describe e-cigarette use among students who smoked tobacco.

Methods: A multi-stage, mixed methods study was conducted at the University of Bordeaux between September 2018 and March 2020.

Adverse childhood experiences and left hippocampal volumetric reductions: A structural magnetic resonance imaging study.

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been associated with volume alterations of stress-related brain structures among aging and clinical populations, however, existing studies have predominantly assessed only one type of ACE, with small sample sizes, and it is less clear if these associations exist among a general population of young adults.

Objective: The aims were to describe structural hippocampal volumetric differences by ACEs exposure and investigate the association between ACEs exposure and left and right hippocampal volume in a student sample of young adults.

Methods: 959 young adult students (18-24 years old) completed an online questionnaire on ACEs, mental health conditions, and sociodemographic characteristics.

The role of dementia in the association between APOE4 and all-cause mortality: pooled analyses of two population-based cohort studies.

Background: The ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE4) plays a role in neurodegeneration and in cardiovascular disease, but findings on its association with mortality are inconsistent. We aimed to examine the association between APOE4 and mortality, and the role of dementia in this association.

Methods: In this pooled analysis, data on White participants aged 45-90 years who underwent APOE genotyping were drawn from two population-based cohorts: the Whitehall II study (UK), which began in 1985 and is ongoing, and the Three-City study (France), initiated in 1999 and ended in 2012.

Why circadian rhythmicity matters: Associations between sleep irregularity and mental health conditions during the Covid-19 health crisis.

Objective: To assess the association between sleep irregularity, anxiety, and depression while controlling for other sleep dimensions and using a longitudinal design.

Methods: Longitudinal cohort study which started in April 2020 during the first French lockdown in the general population. Follow-up questionnaires were completed in June 2020, a period without lockdown measures.

Modulate the impact of the drowsiness on the resting state functional connectivity.

This research explores different methodologies to modulate the effects of drowsiness on functional connectivity (FC) during resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI). The study utilized a cohort of students (MRi-Share) and classified individuals into drowsy, alert, and mixed/undetermined states based on observed respiratory oscillations. We analyzed the FC group difference between drowsy and alert individuals after five different processing methods: the reference method, two based on physiological and a global signal regression of the BOLD time series signal, and two based on Gaussian standardizations of the FC distribution.

Factors related to increased alcohol misuse by students compared to non-students during the first Covid-19 lockdown in France: the Confins study.

Background: The closure of bars and lockdowns related to the Covid-19 pandemic changed alcohol use levels in France during the spring of 2020. We wondered whether this sudden cessation of social interactions impacted students more than non-students and what factors specific to students would explain the increase in alcohol misuse. The aims of this study were to compare self-reported changes in alcohol misuse (alcohol intake and binge-drinking frequency) during the first Covid-19 lockdown from March 17 to May 10, 2020, between French students and non-students and describe factors associated with this alcohol misuse in each subgroup.

Prevalence, lived experiences and user profiles in e-cigarette use: A mixed methods study among French college students.

Background: Little is known about e-cigarette use in French students. Our aims were to estimate the prevalence of e-cigarette experimentation and current e-cigarette use; describe the reasons for using e-cigarettes; explore the vaping experience and identify the profiles of e-cigarette users.

Methods: We used a sequential, explanatory mixed methods design in a sample of French college students.

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Illegal Drug Use Among College Students: Findings from a French Sample.

Background: While studies have demonstrated the negative impact of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on lifelong health, less is known about the relationship between ACEs and illegal drug use. Thus, the objective of the study was to examine the relationship between ACEs and illegal drug use among college students.

Methods: French college students between 18 and 30 years enrolled in a university cohort study were eligible for inclusion.

Addressing unmeasured confounders in cohort studies: Instrumental variable method for a time-fixed exposure on an outcome trajectory.

Instrumental variable methods, which handle unmeasured confounding by targeting the part of the exposure explained by an exogenous variable not subject to confounding, have gained much interest in observational studies. We consider the very frequent setting of estimating the unconfounded effect of an exposure measured at baseline on the subsequent trajectory of an outcome repeatedly measured over time. We didactically explain how to apply the instrumental variable method in such setting by adapting the two-stage classical methodology with (1) the prediction of the exposure according to the instrumental variable, (2) its inclusion into a mixed model to quantify the exposure association with the subsequent outcome trajectory, and (3) the computation of the estimated total variance.

Adverse Childhood Experiences and ADHD Symptoms Among French College Students.

To examine the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) among college students. We investigated the association between ACEs and ADHD symptoms among French college students enrolled in the i-Share cohort using multivariate logistic regression models. The sample comprised of 1062 participants with a mean age of 20.

Identification of circulating proteins associated with general cognitive function among middle-aged and older adults.

Identifying circulating proteins associated with cognitive function may point to biomarkers and molecular process of cognitive impairment. Few studies have investigated the association between circulating proteins and cognitive function. We identify 246 protein measures quantified by the SomaScan assay as associated with cognitive function (p < 4.

The role of cardiovascular health and vascular events in the relationship between excessive daytime sleepiness and dementia risk.

Many studies suggest a relationship between excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and dementia incidence, but the underlying mechanisms remain uncertain. The study aimed to investigate the role of cardiovascular burden in the relationship between EDS and dementia incidence over a 12-year follow-up in community-dwelling older adults. We performed analyses on 6171 subjects (aged ≥65 years) free of dementia and vascular disease at baseline.