Comparison of the Icare ic100 Rebound Tonometer and the Goldmann Applanation Tonometer in 1,000 Eyes.

Background: Measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) forms a crucial component in the diagnosis and management of glaucoma. Many devices have been developed to measure IOP with Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) considered the gold standard for IOP measurement.

Objectives: The objective was to compare the IOP measured using Icare ic100 and GAT.

Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery: Comparison of iStent with iStent inject in primary open angle glaucoma.

Importance: Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery has gained significant traction in recent years. This study evaluates the first- and second-generation trabecular micro-bypass stents "iStent" and "iStent inject".

Background: To evaluate and compare the effect of a single iStent and double iStent inject in primary open angle glaucoma.

Uteroglobin and FLRG concentrations in aqueous humor are associated with age in primary open angle glaucoma patients.

Background: The pathophysiological changes occurring in the trabecular meshwork in primary open angle glaucoma are poorly understood, but are thought to include increased extracellular matrix deposition, trabecular meshwork cell apoptosis, inflammation, trabecular meshwork calcification and altered protein composition of the aqueous humor. Although many proteins are present in aqueous humor, relatively few have been studied extensively, and their potential roles in primary open angle glaucoma are unknown.

Methods: Analyte concentrations in aqueous humor from 19 primary open angle glaucoma and 18 cataract patients were measured using a multiplex immunoassay.

TIMP1, TIMP2, and TIMP4 are increased in aqueous humor from primary open angle glaucoma patients.

Purpose: Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is the only known modifiable risk factor for primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), and it can be caused by reduced aqueous humor outflow from the anterior chamber. Outflow is predominantly regulated by the trabecular meshwork, consisting of specialized cells within a complex extracellular matrix (ECM). An imbalance between ECM-degrading matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) within the trabecular meshwork is thought to contribute to POAG.

Intraocular pressure during femtosecond laser pretreatment: comparison of glaucomatous eyes and nonglaucomatous eyes.

Purpose: To compare changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) during femtosecond laser pretreatment of cataract between glaucomatous eyes and nonglaucomatous eyes.

Setting: Launceston Eye Institute and Launceston Eye Hospital, Launceston, Australia.

Design: Nonrandomized interventional prospective case series.

Intraocular pressure during femtosecond laser pretreatment of cataract.

Purpose: To analyze the course of intraocular pressure (IOP) during femtosecond laser pretreatment to cataract surgery.

Setting: Launceston Eye Institute, Tasmania, Australia.

Design: Interventional prospective study.

Common genetic variants near the Brittle Cornea Syndrome locus ZNF469 influence the blinding disease risk factor central corneal thickness.

Central corneal thickness (CCT), one of the most highly heritable human traits (h(2) typically>0.9), is important for the diagnosis of glaucoma and a potential risk factor for glaucoma susceptibility. We conducted genome-wide association studies in five cohorts from Australia and the United Kingdom (total N = 5058).

Scleral wrap increases the long-term complication risk of bone-derived hydroxyapatite orbital implants.

Background: This study was prompted by previous findings that suggested that scleral wrapping increased the rate of complications following insertion of bone-derived hydroxyapatite orbital implants and compared the long-term results of implants inserted with and without scleral wraps.

Methods: This retrospective case series reviewed the long-term outcomes of 159 patients who had undergone enucleation with insertion of a bone-derived hydroxyapatite orbital implant at Dunedin Hospital between 1977 and 2006. Implants were inserted with and without scleral wraps in 85 and 74 cases, respectively.

Medical treatment of cataract.

The incidence of cataract continues to increase with the ageing of the population. Surgical treatment with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation remains the only proven treatment. This, however, is associated with significant cost and is not readily available especially in the developing countries where the prevalence of cataract is the highest.

Acute retinal necrosis post intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide.

Although few data exist on the complication of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) in human eyes, it is generally thought to be well-tolerated. The commonest reported adverse events are raised intraocular pressure and progression of cataract. Acute retinal necrosis, as far as the authors are aware, has not been reported to be associated with IVTA in the literature before.

Wegener's granulomatosis presenting with painless bulbar-conjunctival ulcer and central retinal artery occlusion.

Herein an unusual case of Wegener's granulomatosis with a painless, bulbar-conjunctival ulcer in the right eye is reported. Rapid disease progression occurred with central retinal artery occlusion in the fellow eye. Biopsy of the diseased conjunctiva confirmed the clinical diagnosis.

Central corneal thickness is highly heritable: the twin eye studies.

Purpose: A classic twin study was performed to determine the heritability of central corneal thickness (CCT), an important parameter in glaucoma assessment.

Methods: The concordance of CCT between monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins was compared. A total of 256 twin pairs (131 MZ and 125 DZ) were recruited from three centers: the Twin Eye Study in Tasmania, the Brisbane Adolescent Twin Study, and the Twins U.

Absent upper eyelid skin crease: a sign of hypoglobus.

The association of an absent upper eyelid skin crease on downgaze with hypoglobus has not been described in the literature before. Herein a case of silent sinus syndrome that demonstrates this sign is described. The possible mechanism of such a sign is discussed.

Post-cycloplegia myopic shift in an older population.

Purpose: To demonstrate that use of a mydriatic agent remains a significant confounder in autorefraction of the presbyopic population.

Methods: The pre- and post-cycloplegic autorefraction results of 37 subjects over 50 years of age were measured using a Humphrey-598 autorefractor. The results of both eyes were included in a multivariate regression analysis.