HPV Carcinomas in Immunocompromised Patients.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted disease worldwide and can result in pre-malignancies or overt malignancies of the skin and mucosal surfaces. HPV-related illnesses are an important personal and public health problem causing physical, mental, sexual and financial detriments. Moreover, this set of malignancies severely affects the immunosuppressed population, particularly HIV-positive patients and organ-transplant recipients.

New and emerging biologic therapies for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: mechanistic rationales and recent clinical data for IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors.

The development of effective and well-tolerated biologic therapies has advanced the management of psoriasis by enabling clinicians to treat underlying disease mechanisms. Biologics approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis include three tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors and an interleukin-12/interleukin-23 inhibitor. The establishment of the immunological basis of psoriasis has led to the development of biologic agents targeting specific downstream mediators in the psoriatic cascade.

Deleterious Effect of Radiation Therapy on Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis Patients.

Background: Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) is a rare genodermatosis caused by specific human papillomavirus (HPV) types associated with the development of multiple squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). The treatment for this skin tumour may be difficult. Among the therapy options, radiotherapy (RT) should be avoided due to its deleterious effects on HPV-induced carcinogenesis.

Effects of tofacitinib on lymphocyte sub-populations, CMV and EBV viral load in patients with plaque psoriasis.

Background: Plaque psoriasis is a debilitating skin condition that affects approximately 2% of the adult population and for which there is currently no cure. Tofacitinib is an oral Janus kinase inhibitor that is being investigated for psoriasis.

Methods: The design of this study has been reported previously (NCT00678210).

Interleukin-23 in the pathogenesis and treatment of psoriasis.

In the past three decades, major advances have been made in understanding the pathogenesis of psoriasis. The currently accepted theory is that T-cell mediated immune dysregulation triggers keratinocyte hyperproliferation in psoriasis. Recent research indicates that the Th17/interleukin (IL)-23 pathway plays a prominent role in the amplification phase of psoriasis.

Blistering Distal Dactylitis in an Adult.

Background: Blistering distal dactylitis is a localised infection of the anterior pad of the distal phalanx of the digits. It most commonly affects children and uncommonly adults with a history of immunosuppression or trauma.

Objective: A case of blistering distal dactylitis in a 32-year-old male is reported.

Expression patterns of immune-associated genes in external genital and perianal warts treated with sinecatechins.

The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in human disease includes external genital and perianal warts (EGW), with some HPV genotypes having oncogenic potential (i.e., HPV-16 and -18).

Contribution of Beta-HPV Infection and UV Damage to Rapid-Onset Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma during BRAF-Inhibition Therapy.

Purpose: BRAF-inhibition (BRAFi) therapy for advanced melanoma carries a high rate of secondary cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and risk of other cancers. UV radiation and α-genus human papillomavirus (HPV) are highly associated with SCC, but a novel role for β-genus HPV is suspected in BRAFi-cSCC. Cutaneous β-HPV may act in concert with host and environmental factors in BRAFi-cSCC.

Real-life treatment profile of calcipotriene and betamethasone dipropionate topical suspension in patients with psoriasis vulgaris.

Background: Treatment with calcipotriene plus betamethasone dipropionate (CBD) fixed-combination topical suspension has been shown to be effective and well tolerated in patients with psoriasis vulgaris.

Aim: To document experiences with CBD topical suspension in a US clinical dermatology setting using patient-reported outcomes (PROs).

Methods: In total, 147 patients were enrolled in this 8-week, prospective, noninterventional, multicenter, one-arm study.

Treatment of molluscum contagiosum in adult, pediatric, and immunodeficient populations.

Background: Molluscum contagiosum is a viral infection of the skin that is widely considered to be a self-resolving disease that can be treated with benign neglect. However, the clinical reality is that the disease can vary widely by anatomic site and by recalcitrance to treatment and remains a significant cause of morbidity worldwide.

Objective: The purpose of this review was to compile an updated resource for clinicians that addresses the management of the broad spectrum of molluscum cases that may be encountered.

Current and emerging drugs for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections: an update.

Introduction: Antibiotic resistance, the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria and the exponential rise of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) pose a great threat to the public health. In order to combat these threats, development of new antibiotics is vital and measures to decrease antibiotic resistance should be prioritized.

Areas Covered: This manuscript provides an overview of the current FDA-approved antibiotics and the antibiotics in development for MRSA ABSSSI.

Adolescent Onset of Localized Papillomatosis, Lymphedema, and Multiple Beta-Papillomavirus Infection: Epidermal Nevus, Segmental Lymphedema Praecox, or Verrucosis? A Case Report and Case Series of Epidermal Nevi.

Herein, we report the case of a 12-year-old female who noted the recent onset of an oval, circumscribed, 10-cm papillomatous plaque affecting the thigh and vulva that showed histologic signs of lymphedema without evidence of secondary lymphedema. The sequencing of genes associated with a delayed onset of lymphedema or epidermal nevi (EN) - GATA2 and GJC2, and HRAS and KRAS, respectively - showed wild-type alleles. Polymerase chain reaction for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA demonstrated infections with 15 HPV genotypes.

Bloodroot associated eschar.

We present a case of a 60-year-old woman who, after using a blemish cream purchased at a health store, presented to our clinic with a large eschar on the right neck. The active ingredient in this cream was found to be Sanguinaria canadensis, a known escharotic. This substance is popularly marketed as a natural remedy for a host of skin diseases such as blemishes, moles, warts, skin tags, basal cell carcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, actinic keratoses, and even melanoma.