Publications by authors named "Tyng Yuan Jang"
Article Synopsis
- This study examines the link between air pollution and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) who are treated with nucleotide/nucleoside analogues.
- The research involved 1,298 patients over a follow-up period, finding that liver cirrhosis, male sex, age, and body mass index were key risk factors for HCC.
- It concludes that long-term exposure to nitrogen oxides (NO) significantly increases the risk of HCC, especially in CHB patients with cirrhosis.
Background And Aims: Early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is crucial for improving survival in patients with chronic hepatitis. The GALAD algorithm combines gender (biological sex), age, α-fetoprotein (AFP), agglutinin-reactive fraction of AFP (AFP-L3), and protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) for HCC detection. Similarly, the GAAD algorithm incorporates gender (biological sex), age, AFP, and PIVKA-II.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground/aims: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) eradication using antiviral agents augments the metabolic profile. Changes in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in chronic hepatitis C patients who receive glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) remain elusive.
Methods: Data from 2417 patients treated with GLE/PIB from the Taiwan HCV Registry were analyzed, and pretreatment HbA1c levels were compared with 3-months after the-end-of treatment levels.
Background/aims: Steatotic liver disease (SLD) is a common manifestation in chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Metabolic alterations in CHC are associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). We aimed to elucidate whether hepatitis C virus (HCV) eradication mitigates MASLD occurrence or resolution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatitis B surface antigen loss in chronic hepatitis B patients with low-viral-load.
J Gastroenterol Hepatol
November 2024
Background And Aim: Among low viral load (DNA of hepatitis B virus (HBV) was < 2000 IU/mL), the factor of the loss of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) remained elusive.
Methods: The retrospective study recruited patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) who were negative low for hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg), had a low viral load, and experienced HBsAg loss during follow-up. CHB patients with low-viral load but without consequent HBsAg loss were also enrolled at the ratio of 1:4.
Background And Aims: We aimed to explore the risk factors associated with virological and clinical relapse, as well as their impact on overall mortality, in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients receiving nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs) therapy prior to chemotherapy initiation.
Methods: From 2010 to 2020, we conducted a prospective cohort study involving patients with HBV infection undergoing cytotoxic chemotherapy. We utilized the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard regression models to assess risk factors.
Background And Aim: The benefits of entecavir (ETV) versus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in reducing the development of chronic hepatitis B (CHB)-related hepatocellular carcinoma remain controversial. Whether mortality rates differ between patients with CHB treated with ETV and those treated with TDF is unclear.
Methods: A total of 2542 patients with CHB treated with either ETV or TDF were recruited from a multinational cohort.
The immune response of patients with chronic liver disease tends to be lower after receiving their second coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine dose, but the effect of a third vaccine dose on their immune response is currently unknown. We recruited 722 patients without previous severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection from three hospitals. The patients received homologous (MMM) and heterologous (AZAZBNT, AZAZM) boosters, where AZ, BNT, and M denoted the AZD1222, BNT162b2, and mRNA-1273 vaccines, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe accuracy of noninvasive seromarkers in predicting liver fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) patients with or without viral hepatitis is elusive. The AST to platelet ratio index (APRI), fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4), and NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) were assessed in 871 MAFLD patients who received elastography in a viral hepatitis-endemic area. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve increased substantially with increasing fibrotic stage across the three biomarkers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Air pollution is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the effect of air pollution on HCC risk in patients with hepatitis remains unclear.
Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 348 patients with chronic hepatitis who were tested for serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and for antibodies against hepatitis B core antigen (HBcIgG) and hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) in 2022.
Article Synopsis
- The World Health Organization has issued interim guidance for eliminating hepatitis C virus (HCV), and a study was conducted to demonstrate "treatment as prevention" in hemodialysis patients.
- A universal screening in 22 hemodialysis centers revealed a significant number of patients with HCV, and the majority linked to treatment achieved a sustained virological response.
- The follow-up screening showed a dramatic decrease in HCV viremia rates and demonstrated that effectively treating patients can prevent new infections and reinfections within the hemodialysis population.
Article Synopsis
- The study explored the link between air pollution and advanced liver fibrosis in patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and chronic hepatitis infections (HBV and HCV).
- Out of 1,376 participants, a significant percentage had MAFLD (52.8%) and a smaller portion exhibited advanced fibrosis (13.6%), with factors like HCV viremia, smoking, age, and particulate matter (PM) levels being associated with advanced fibrosis.
- There was a clear dose-dependent relationship between PM levels and the severity of liver fibrosis, indicating that higher PM exposure correlates with more severe fibrosis stages.
Article Synopsis
- * The study involved multidisciplinary outreach screening and onsite treatment, resulting in 64.3% of psychiatric patients receiving HCV mass screening, with 4.9% testing positive for the virus.
- * Ultimately, 95.8% of patients who engaged with the healthcare system completed the treatment with a 100% success rate in eliminating detectable HCV, showcasing the effectiveness of this patient-centered approach.
Biochemical response is an important prognostic indicator in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients receiving nucleotide/nucleoside analogues (NAs). However, the effects of air pollution in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization remain elusive. This longitudinal study recruited 80 hepatitis B e antigen-negative CHB patients who received NAs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - Elevated serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels are linked to higher mortality rates in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients receiving nucleotide/nucleoside analog treatments, showing significant increases in GGT measurements before and six months after treatment.
- - A study analyzing 2,843 CHB patients found that factors such as cirrhosis, age, and pretreatment GGT levels are strong predictors of both all-cause and liver-related mortality, with cirrhosis having the highest hazard ratio.
- - The link between pretreatment GGT levels and mortality remains consistent regardless of alcohol use history, and there is a noticeable dose-dependent association with different percentiles of GGT indicating increased mortality risk
Background And Aims: Fatty liver disease (FLD) is associated with several metabolic derangements. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional and longitudinal study to evaluate the role of FL severity in the risk of new-onset and co-existing hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM).
Methods: The cross-sectional cohort consisted of 41,888 adults who received health checkups in a tertiary hospital of Taiwan from 1999 to 2013.
Background And Aim: The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and its interplay with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in terms of liver disease severity is elusive.
Methods: A mass surveillance program was conducted in a viral hepatitis endemic area. The objective was to identify MAFLD/non-MAFLD subjects with advanced liver disease.
Article Synopsis
- Unawareness of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant barrier to controlling HBV and is linked to more severe cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at diagnosis.
- The study analyzed 501 patients with HBV-related HCC and found that 21% were unaware of their HBV infection, characterized by younger age, poorer liver function, and more advanced HCC stages compared to aware patients.
- The lack of regular surveillance among both aware and unaware patients was associated with more severe HCC, emphasizing the need for improved education and proactive monitoring to enhance patient outcomes.
Background And Aims: Disease severity across the different diagnostic categories of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) remains elusive. This study assessed the fibrosis stages and features of MAFLD between different items. We also aimed to investigate the associations between advanced fibrosis and risk factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Vaccination against COVID-19 is critical for controlling the pandemic, but the serological response in Taiwanese patients with different comorbidities is not well understood.
- A study enrolled 824 uninfected subjects who received various COVID-19 vaccines and measured their antibody levels post-vaccination, finding common vaccination patterns among participants.
- Results showed that factors like age, sex, vaccination type, and comorbidity scores significantly affected antibody levels, indicating that higher comorbidity scores are linked to lower neutralizing antibody responses.
Objectives: Gaps in linkage-to-care remain the barriers toward hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination in the directly-acting-antivirals (DAA) era, especially during SARS Co-V2 pandemics. We established an outreach project to target HCV micro-elimination in HCV-hyperendemic villages.
Methods: The COMPACT provided "door-by-door" screening by an "outreach HCV-checkpoint team" and an "outreach HCV-care team" for HCV diagnosis, assessment and DAA therapy in Chidong/Chikan villages between 2019 and 2021.
Successful eradication of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) cannot eliminate the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Next-generation RNA sequencing provides comprehensive genomic insights into the pathogenesis of HCC. Artificial intelligence has opened a new era in precision medicine.
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