Roman Republican coarse ware from , Southern Lazio (Italy): a multi-analytical study of production technology and trade.

The first objective of this paper is to reconstruct the production technology of fourth-first centuries BCE coarse ware from surveys near the ancient town of in the Lepini Mountains of Southern Lazio, Italy, adopting a multi-analytical method, combining macroscopic observation with polarised light optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The second objective of this study is to gain insight into 's integration in broader production and distribution networks in Southern Lazio between the fourth-first centuries BCE, by comparing the results with previous data for coarse ware prevalent in the region at that time. The results indicate that the coarse ware from was produced with Fe-rich, Ca-poor, and illite-muscovite clays and fired in an oxidising atmosphere between 750 and 900 °C.