Odds of Metastatic Disease at Diagnosis of Primary Bone and Soft-Tissue Sarcomas of the Extremity and Pelvis Based on Preferred Language and Socioeconomic Factors.

Introduction: The odds of metastatic disease at diagnosis of bone (BS) and soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) of the extremities and pelvis may vary among patients due to several factors. There is limited research comparing the rates of metastatic disease at diagnosis in patients from different demographic and socioeconomic backgrounds.

Methods: Patients with a primary BS or STS of the extremity or pelvis were identified using International Classification of Diseases codes.

Evaluation of a new out-of-hospital newborn life support (OH-NLS) course in the UK South West region: a mixed-methods survey study.

Introduction: Unplanned out-of-hospital births (UOHBs) are associated with poorer outcomes for babies, especially those born prematurely. The current Newborn Life Support (NLS) course offered by Resuscitation Council UK (RCUK) is not designed to address the challenges associated with birth out of hospital. A new course was developed to address these challenges.

Socioeconomic disparities in reception of limb-sparing surgery versus amputation for lower extremity sarcoma.

Background: In lower extremity sarcoma treatment, limb salvage approaches present superior alternatives to amputation due to reduced postoperative morbidity and improved quality of life. This study provides a novel analysis of socioeconomic disparities that may affect reception of limb-sparing surgery.

Methods: Patients with lower extremity bone or soft tissue sarcoma who received either limb-sparing surgery or amputation from 2007 to 2021 were identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database.

Vagus nerve stimulation in Parkinson's disease: a scoping review of animal studies and human subjects research.

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a prevalent, progressive neurodegenerative disease with motor and non-motor symptoms. Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) has emerged as a potential therapeutic approach for PD, but published research on this topic varies widely. This scoping review maps existing literature on VNS for PD, highlighting stimulation methods, operational parameters, safety profiles, neurophysiological mechanisms, and clinical outcomes in human and animal models.

The Emerging Role of Three-dimensional Technologies in Orthoplastic Surgery.

Three-dimensional (3D) planning and manufacturing technologies have become integral to head and neck reconstruction following tumor resection. These technologies facilitate the prototyping of patient-specific solutions in both digital and physical form. Three-dimensional tumor models and cutting guides help conceptualize and verify the surgical approach, as well as serve as a blueprint for reconstruction.

Optimizing Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Among an Underserved Population: Lessons Learned From a Quality-Improvement Initiative.

Background: Under-represented minorities and those with noncommercial insurance have higher medical comorbidities and complications following elective total joint arthroplasty (TJA). In an effort to bridge this gap, our center implemented a preoperative optimization protocol for TJA in a Medicaid Clinic (Clinic). The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of that protocol and highlight challenges associated with caring for this patient population.

Analysis-ready VCF at Biobank scale using Zarr.

Background: Variant Call Format (VCF) is the standard file format for interchanging genetic variation data and associated quality control metrics. The usual row-wise encoding of the VCF data model (either as text or packed binary) emphasises efficient retrieval of all data for a given variant, but accessing data on a field or sample basis is inefficient. Biobank scale datasets currently available consist of hundreds of thousands of whole genomes and hundreds of terabytes of compressed VCF.

Antecubital Burn Resulting From Antenna Coupling: A Case Report.

Case: We present the case of a 54-year-old man who underwent elective hip disarticulation complicated by third-degree burn of the left antecubital fossa requiring skin graft. After careful review, it was determined that "antenna coupling" as a result of electrosurgery was the likely cause. We present an experiment demonstrating this phenomenon.

A Systematic Review of the Orthoplastic Approach in Adult Lower Extremity Soft Tissue Sarcoma Flap Reconstruction.

Background: The orthoplastic approach to patient care has changed the way patients with a wide variety of lower extremity pathology are treated. Through a systematic review, we aim to analyze outcomes in adult patients with lower extremity soft tissue sarcomas who undergo an orthoplastic flap management approach to their care.

Methods: A systematic review of adult lower extremity soft tissue sarcoma excision with plastic surgery flap reconstruction was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines searching the Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science databases from inception to April 2023.

Transcranial focused ultrasound to human rIFG improves response inhibition through modulation of the P300 onset latency.

Response inhibition in humans is important to avoid undesirable behavioral action consequences. Neuroimaging and lesion studies point to a locus of inhibitory control in the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG). Electrophysiology studies have implicated a downstream event-related potential from rIFG, the fronto-central P300, as a putative neural marker of the success and timing of inhibition over behavioral responses.

Influence of CrossFit and Deep End Fitness training on mental health and coping in athletes.

Physical exercise is known to improve mental health. Athletes can experience unique physical and emotional stressors, which can deteriorate mental health and cognitive function. Training apathy can lead to cognitive dissonance and further degrade performance by promoting maladaptive, avoidance coping strategies.

A review of combined neuromodulation and physical therapy interventions for enhanced neurorehabilitation.

Rehabilitation approaches for individuals with neurologic conditions have increasingly shifted toward promoting neuroplasticity for enhanced recovery and restoration of function. This review focuses on exercise strategies and non-invasive neuromodulation techniques that target neuroplasticity, including transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), and peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS). We have chosen to focus on non-invasive neuromodulation techniques due to their greater potential for integration into routine clinical practice.

Is There an Implicit Racial Bias in the Case Order of Elective Total Joint Arthroplasty?

Introduction: Identifying ways to improve equitable access to healthcare is of the utmost important. In this study, we analyzed whether patient race was negatively associated with surgical start times for total joint arthroplasties (TJA).

Methods: The surgical case order and start times of all primary TJAs performed at a large academic medical center between May 2014 and May 2018 were retrospectively reviewed.

Effect of Insurance Status on Mortality in Adults With Sarcoma of the Extremities and Pelvis: A SEER-Medicare Study.

Introduction: Previous studies have highlighted the association between insurance status and poor outcomes after surgical treatment of sarcomas in the United States.1-3 It is unclear how much of this disparity is mediated by confounding factors such as medical comorbidities and socioeconomic status and how much can be explained by barriers to care caused by insurance status.

Methods: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare linkage data were procured for 7,056 patients undergoing treatment for bone and soft-tissue sarcomas in the extremities diagnosed between 2006 and 2013.

Ultrasound as a Neurotherapeutic: A Circuit- and System-Based Interrogation.

Focused ultrasound is a novel brain stimulation modality that combines the noninvasiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and the precision of deep brain stimulation. In this review, the authors examine low-intensity focused ultrasound for brain mapping and neuromodulation. They also discuss high-intensity focused ultrasound, which is used for incisionless surgeries, such as capsulotomies for obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Characterization and distribution of kisspeptins, kisspeptin receptors, GnIH, and GnRH1 in the brain of the protogynous bluehead wrasse (Thalassoma bifasciatum).

The kisspeptin and gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) systems regulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in a broad range of vertebrates through direct or indirect effects on hypothalamic/preoptic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons and pituitary gonadotropes. These systems are sensitive to environmental factors, including social conditions, and may assist in relaying environmental signals to the HPG axis in a potentially broad range of taxa. In this study, we characterized expression of kisspeptin-system genes (kiss1, kiss2, kissr1, and kissr2), gnih, and gnrh1 in the brain of the bluehead wrasse (Thalassoma bifasciatum), an important teleost model of socially-controlled sex change.

Effect of Resident and Fellow Involvement on Outcomes of Sarcoma Surgery: A NSQIP Database Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The complexity of sarcoma surgery often justifies surgical assistants of higher levels of academic training: senior residents, fellows, or co-surgeons. The association between the level of training of assistants and outcomes of these procedures has yet to be studied.

Methods: The Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes comprising the "core" procedures for musculoskeletal oncology fellowships were gathered.

Transdermal Electrical Neuromodulation for Anxiety and Sleep Problems in High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder: Feasibility and Preliminary Findings.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with anxiety and sleep problems. We investigated transdermal electrical neuromodulation (TEN) of the cervical nerves in the neck as a safe, effective, comfortable and non-pharmacological therapy for decreasing anxiety and enhancing sleep quality in ASD.

Methods: In this blinded, sham-controlled study, seven adolescents and young adults with high-functioning ASD underwent five consecutive treatment days, one day of the sham followed by four days of subthreshold TEN for 20 min.

Statistical Fragility of Surgical Clinical Trials in Orthopaedic Trauma.

Introduction: The Fragility Index (FI) and the Fragility Quotient (FQ) are powerful statistical tools that can aid clinicians in assessing clinical trial results. The purpose of this study was to use the FI and FQ to evaluate the statistical robustness of widely cited surgical clinical trials in orthopaedic trauma.

Methods: We performed a PubMed search for orthopaedic trauma clinical trials in high-impact orthopaedics-focused journals and calculated the FI and FQ for all identified dichotomous, categorical outcomes.

Postoperative COVID-19 Pneumonia following Resection of a Large Thoracic Chondrosarcoma.

Case: A 57-year-old man presenting with two months of insidious shoulder pain was found to have a large thoracic chondrosarcoma invading the spinal canal. The patient's orthopedic oncologist organized an interdisciplinary team including interventional radiology, thoracic surgery, neurosurgery, and plastic surgery. This allowed safe, en bloc tumor resection.