Development and Field Validation of Lidocaine-Loaded Castration Bands for Bovine Pain Mitigation.

Castration is among the most common management procedures performed in the dairy and beef cattle industries and is mainly performed by surgery or elastic banding. Despite the various benefits of castration, all methods produce pain and distress. Castration by banding is simple, inexpensive, produces fewer complications, and can be performed in a high-throughput manner.

Mass spectrometric characterization of methylaluminoxane-activated metallocene complexes.

Electrospray-ionization mass spectrometric studies of poly(methylaluminoxane) (MAO) in the presence of [Cp2 ZrMe2 ], [Cp2 ZrMe(Cl)], and [Cp2 ZrCl2 ] in fluorobenzene (PhF) solution are reported. The results demonstrate that alkylation and ionization are separate events that occur at competitive rates in a polar solvent. Furthermore, there are significant differences in ion-pair speciation that result from the use of metallocene dichloride complexes in comparison to alkylated precursors at otherwise identical Al/Zr ratios.

7:8,9:10-dibenzo-1,2,3,4-tetrafluoro- triphenylene: synthesis, structure, and photophysical properties of a novel [5]helicene.

A simple and efficient synthesis and crystallographic analysis of the partially fluorinated 7:8,9:10-dibenzo-1,2,3,4-tetrafluorotriphenylene, 1, in 59% yield is reported. Compound 1 is a blue luminescent [5]helicene in both solution and the solid state. It spontaneously forms enantiomorphous single crystals from racemic samples and exhibits slipped, face-to-face F.