An Anatomical Study of the Foramen Ovale for Neuromodulation of Trigeminal Neuropathic Pain.

Objective: Neuromodulation for trigeminal pain syndromes such as trigeminal neuropathic pain (TNP) necessitates accurate localization of foramen ovale (FO). The Härtel-type approach is very well-established and safe, ideal for temporary cannulation of the FO for ablative procedures such as balloon microcompression. A key shortcoming of the Hartel approach for placement of neuromodulation leads is the limited opportunity for secure anchoring.

Reference data on in vitro anatomy and indentation response of tissue layers of musculoskeletal extremities.

The skin, fat, and muscle of the musculoskeletal system provide essential support and protection to the human body. The interaction between individual layers and their composite structure dictate the body's response during mechanical loading of extremity surfaces. Quantifying such interactions may improve surgical outcomes by enhancing surgical simulations with lifelike tissue characteristics.

Reference tool kinematics-kinetics and tissue surface strain data during fundamental surgical acts.

Haptic based surgical simulations are popular training aids in medicine. Previously, surgical tool loads and motion were measured during cutting and needle insertion on non-human tissue and several haptic based simulations were developed to enhance surgical training. However, there was a lack of realistic foundational data regarding the mechanical responses of human tissue and tools during fundamental acts of surgery, i.

Instrumentation of off-the-shelf ultrasound system for measurement of probe forces during freehand imaging.

Ultrasound is a popular and affordable imaging modality, but the nature of freehand ultrasound operation leads to unknown applied loads at non-quantifiable angles. The purpose of this paper was to demonstrate an instrumentation strategy for an ultrasound system to measure probe forces and orientation during freehand imaging to characterize the interaction between the probe and soft-tissue as well as enhance repeatability. The instrumentation included a 6-axis load cell, an inertial measurement unit, and an optional sensor for camera-based motion capture.

Instrumentation of Surgical Tools To Measure Load and Position During Incision, Tissue Retraction, and Suturing.

The characterization of soft tissue interaction with surgical tools is critical for authentic surgical simulations and accurate robotic-assisted surgery. Virtual and augmented reality are often used to simulate surgical procedures with haptic feedback to increase the sense of reality. Haptic simulations require models with parameters based on real tissue data.

Reference data on thickness and mechanics of tissue layers and anthropometry of musculoskeletal extremities.

Musculoskeletal extremities exhibit a multi-layer tissue structure that is composed of skin, fat, and muscle. Body composition and anthropometric measurements have been used to assess health status and build anatomically accurate biomechanical models of the limbs. However, comprehensive datasets inclusive of regional tissue anatomy and response under mechanical manipulation are missing.