The interactive effect of an emerging infectious disease and an emerging contaminant on Woodhouse's toad (Anaxyrus woodhousii) tadpoles.

Two factors that influence amphibian population declines are infectious diseases and exposure to anthropogenic contaminants. The authors examined an emerging fungal pathogen, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), and its interaction with an emerging contaminant, the antimicrobial triclosan. They first conducted a 2 × 2 × 4 factorial study to examine the interactive impacts of dragonfly predator cues, Bd, and triclosan (0 µg/L, 10 µg/L, 100 µg/L, and 1000 µg/L) on Woodhouse's toad (Anaxyrus woodhousii) tadpoles.