Effects of pasteurization of colostrum on subsequent serum lactoferrin concentration and neutrophil superoxide production in calves.

Objective: To determine the effects of pasteurization of colostrum on serum lactoferrin concentration and neutrophil oxidative function by comparing values from calves given pasteurized (76 C, 15 minutes) colostrum versus calves given fresh frozen colostrum.

Animals: 8 Holstein bull calves were used to study the effects of pasteurization of colostrum on the absorption of lactoferrin and neutrophil oxidative burst. Three additional calves were used to study the effect of exogenous lactoferrin on neutrophil oxidative burst.

Passive transfer of colostral immunoglobulin G in neonatal llamas and alpacas.

Objective: To evaluate precolostral hypogammaglobulinemia in neonatal llamas and alpacas, to determine when postcolostral peak serum IgG concentrations develop, to determine whether differences in postcolostral serum IgG concentrations between llamas and alpacas exist, and to determine postcolostral half-life of serum IgG in llamas and alpacas.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Animals: 29 llama and 10 alpaca crias.

SB-203207 and SB-203208, two novel isoleucyl tRNA synthetase inhibitors from a Streptomyces sp. II. Structure determination.

Two novel isoleucyl tRNA synthetase inhibitors, SB-203207 and SB-203208 have been isolated from a Streptomyces sp. and found to be structurally related to altemicidin. Structures of SB-203207 and SB-203208 have been deduced by a combination of spectroscopic techniques, derivatisation, hydrolysis studies and found to be 4-(aminocarbonyl)-7-[[(2-amino-3-methylpentanoyl)aminosul phonyl]acetamido]-2,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-6-hydroxy-2-methyl-1H-2- pyrindine-7-carboxylic acid (1) and 4-(aminocarbonyl)-7-[[(2-amino-3-methyl pentanoyl)-aminosulphonyl]acetamido]-2,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-6-(2- amino-3-phenylbutanoyl oxy)-2-methyl-1H-2-pyrindine-7-carboxylic acid (2), respectively.

A prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind, double-dummy comparison of recombinant and urinary HCG for inducing oocyte maturation and follicular luteinization in ovarian stimulation.

A randomized, controlled, double-blind, double-dummy, phase III clinical trial was conducted in 84 women to compare the efficacy of a s.c. injection of 250 microg recombinant human chorionic gonadotrophin (rHCG; Ovidrel) to an i.

Diagnosis of enteric disease in small ruminants.

Diagnosis of gastrointestinal disease in small ruminants requires integration of information obtained in the signalment, history, physical or necropsy examination, and ancillary diagnostic tests. The purpose of this article is to provide the practitioner with a review of the clinical features of several common gastrointestinal diseases of sheep and goats. Rumen acidosis, enterotoxemia, gastrointestinal parasitism, neonatal diarrhea, and salmonellosis are discussed, and where appropriate, reviews of the pathophysiology, prevention, and control of these diseases are cited for further reading.

Evaluation of assays for determination of passive transfer status in neonatal llamas and alpacas.

Objective: To evaluate several practice-adapted assays for determination of passive transfer status in crias.

Animals: 24 llama and 9 alpaca crias.

Design: Prospective study.

Theileriosis in a Missouri beef herd caused by Theileria buffeli: case report, herd investigation, ultrastructure, phylogenetic analysis, and experimental transmission.

A 6-year-old Simmental cow infected with Theileria buffeli had a clinical disease characterized by theilerial parasitemia, macrocytic normochromic anemia with acanthocytosis and spherocytosis, lymphoid hyperplasia (lymphocytosis, edematous lymphadenomegaly), dysproteinemia, evidence of liver disease, and a low serum antibody titer against T. buffeli. The cow was in a herd in which all cattle originated in Missouri; 22/75 (29%) of cattle had a theilerial parasitemia and 26/75 (35%) had titers to T.

The RCAF complex mediates chromatin assembly during DNA replication and repair.

Chromatin assembly is a fundamental biological process that is essential for the replication and maintenance of the eukaryotic genome. In dividing cells, newly synthesized DNA is rapidly assembled into chromatin by the deposition of a tetramer of the histone proteins H3 and H4, followed by the deposition of two dimers of histones H2A and H2B to complete the nucleosome-the fundamental repeating unit of chromatin. Here we describe the identification, purification, cloning, and characterization of replication-coupling assembly factor (RCAF), a novel protein complex that facilitates the assembly of nucleosomes onto newly replicated DNA in vitro.

Vice President of Medical Affairs--moving on up to CEO?

Increasingly, physician executives are reaching the conclusion that if they choose, they may be viable candidates for CEO positions. While this opinion has merit, it must be tempered by marketplace realities. A fundamental issue for VPMAs aspiring to become CEOs is that they have little formalized training or education for CEO roles.

Colostral immunoglobulin concentrations in Holstein and Guernsey cows.

Objective: To compare the concentration of IgG in colostrum between Holstein and Guernsey cows and among cows of various lactations.

Design: Cross-sectional cohort study.

Sample Population: Colostrum samples from 77 Holstein and 24 Guernsey cows.

Partitioning the mortality risk associated with inadequate passive transfer of colostral immunoglobulins in dairy calves.

This study developed a method to partition the risk of mortality in dairy calves in the 1st 16 weeks of life. Observed population mortality and the relative risk of mortality in each serum protein concentration stratum were used to determine the population baseline mortality rate and the mortality rate due to inadequate passive transfer of colostral immunoglobulin. A total of 3,479 calves were studied, 8.

Large granular lymphocyte pleocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid of a dog with necrotizing meningoencephalitis.

The cerebrospinal fluid of a dog with necrotizing meningoencephalitis showed pleocytosis, produced mostly by large granular lymphocytes. The presence of such lymphocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with neurological disease appears not to have been reported previously.

Subclinical copper accumulation in llamas.

A 9-year-old, intact male llama with mild ataxia and generalized malaise of 1 month's duration was euthanized following clinical evaluation. Excessive liver copper concentrations were found in the llama and also in clinically normal herdmates. This case documents multiple animals with increased hepatic stores from standard diets and mineral supplements.

Naturally occurring scrapie in Southdown sheep.

The purpose of this study was to characterize naturally occurring scrapie in the Southdown breed of sheep. Experimental subjects included 4 Southdown ewes admitted to the University of Missouri, College of Veterinary Medicine Large Animal Clinic. All 4 sheep had signs compatible with clinical scrapie.

Prediction of serum IgG1 concentration in beef calves based on age and serum gamma-glutamyl-transferase activity.

This study examined the relationship between serum gamma-glutamyl-transferase (GGT) activity and passive transfer status in beef calves less than 18 days of age. Immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) concentrations were measured in 69 commercial beef calves between the ages of 24 and 72 hours. GGT activities were then measured in these same calves at various ages between 3 and 18 days of age.

Systemic and tissue chamber fluid platinum concentrations released from cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II-impregnated polymethylmethacrylate in healthy dogs.

Objectives: To determine systemic and local platinum concentrations released from subcutaneously implanted cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (cisplatin) -impregnated polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and to evaluate systemic or local adverse reactions.

Animals: 6 healthy dogs.

Procedure: Cisplatin (20 mg) was inserted into PMMA that was fashioned into cylinders and placed into subcutaneous tissue chambers overlying the thorax (treated site).

Detection of low serum immunoglobulin concentrations in clinically ill calves.

The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of classification of 4 tests for failure of passive transfer (FPT) were examined in clinically ill neonatal calves. Comparisons were made with serum IgG1 concentrations determined by radial immunodiffusion. Serum samples were obtained from 27 clinically ill calves < or = 21 days of age.

Effect of passive transfer status and vaccination with Escherichia coli (J5) on mortality in comingled dairy calves.

The effect of vaccination with a commercially available R-mutant coliform mastitis vaccine on the survival of comingled dairy calves on a farm with endemic salmonellosis was examined. A total of 864 calves were randomly assigned to either vaccine (n = 435) or control (n = 429) groups. Passive transfer status of each calf was determined using refractometer determination of serum total protein concentration.

Factors affecting pregnancy outcome resulting from assisted reproductive technology (ART).

Objective: A retrospective, observational study of pregnancy outcome was performed on variables maintained in an ART database to determine factors that might affect miscarriage rate in pregnancies resulting from assisted reproduction technologies (ART).

Methods: Previously infertile couples, where conception was achieved after ART, were included. Seven hundred and ninety-four consecutive clinical pregnancies, diagnosed by ultrasound documentation of the gestation sac in the first trimester were divided into 2 groups: 'miscarriage' and 'term birth'.