PAT solutions to monitor adsorption of Tetanus Toxoid with aluminum adjuvants.

The focus of this study was to examine the small-scale adsorption process of Tetanus Toxoid (TT) as a model protein antigen to aluminum phosphate (AlPO) and aluminum oxyhydroxide (AlOOH) adjuvants with real-time monitoring by in-line ReactIR™, ParticleTrack™ based on Focused Beam Reflectance Measurement (FBRM) and EasyViewer™ probes. The adsorption process of AlPO and AlOOH with TT using was monitored in the small-scale reactors. Conformational changes in TT were monitored using in-line infrared probe ReactIR, whereas particle formation associated with protein adsorption were measured by particle size, count, and imaging tools, such as ParticleTrack with FBRM and EasyViewer probes.

A piRNA-like Small RNA Induces Chemoresistance to Cisplatin-Based Therapy by Inhibiting Apoptosis in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Although advanced drugs have benefitted patients, therapeutic success has largely been hampered because of rapid development of resistance. Here we report that PIWI-interacting RNA likes (piR-Ls), a novel type of functional sncRNAs, play key roles in chemoresistance to cisplatin (CDDP)-based chemotherapy in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC).

A phosphorylation-wide sncRNA screen reveals Protein Functional Effector sncRNAs (pfeRNAs) in human lung somatic cells.

We recently reported that PIWI-interacting RNAs likes (piR-Ls) could regulate functions of the interacting phosphorylated proteins (p-Proteins). In addition, except for writers and erasers, functional efficacy of p-Proteins on their readers still remains unknown. We, therefore, reasoned there was a type of sncRNAs which could regulate functional efficacy of p-Proteins.

A piRNA-like small RNA interacts with and modulates p-ERM proteins in human somatic cells.

PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are thought to silence transposon and gene expression during development. However, the roles of piRNAs in somatic tissues are largely unknown. Here we report the identification of 555 piRNAs in human lung bronchial epithelial (HBE) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, including 295 that do not exist in databases termed as piRNA-like sncRNAs or piRNA-Ls.