Organizational-Professional Conflict in the Collegiate and Secondary School Practice Settings: A Sequential, Mixed-Methods Study.

Context: Athletic trainers (ATs) are employed in various settings, which may use 1 of 3 organizational infrastructure models: (1) the sport/athletic model, (2) the medical model, and (3) the academic model. These different settings and organizational infrastructure models may result in varying levels of organizational-professional conflict (OPC). However, how OPC may differ across infrastructure models and practice settings is not known.

Age-related differences to neck muscle activation latency as a potential risk factor to fall-related traumatic brain injuries.

This investigation examined age-related differences in neck muscle activation latency in response to anterior and posterior postural perturbations to understand the potential implications in fall-related traumatic brain injuries. 57 adults were recruited and categorized into 3 groups based on age: Young (18-30 years old), Young-Old (60-74 years) and Old-Old (75-89 years) group. Study participants underwent six anterior and posterior postural perturbations while bilateral sternocleidomastoid, upper trapezius, and splenius capitis electromyography was collected.

Age-related differences to neck range of motion and muscle strength: potential risk factors to fall-related traumatic brain injuries.

Background: Fall-related traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are a serious health concern for adults over the age of 75 years, yet there is limited knowledge on possible modifiable risk factors. The neck is responsible for supporting the head during falls and age-related differences to the neck muscular could provide modifiable risk factors. However, there is limited empirical data pertaining to age-related differences in neck range of motion (ROM) and muscle strength in adults over the age of 75 years.

Motor Learning in People with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: To systematically review and quantitatively synthesize the existing evidence of motor learning in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS).

Data Sources: PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Web of Science were searched using the following terms: multiple sclerosis, task learning, motor learning, skill learning, performance learning.

Study Selection: Studies had to include PwMS with a main outcome being motor learning, be published in peer-reviewed journals, and be written in English.

A Fall Risk mHealth App for Older Adults: Development and Usability Study.

Background: Falls are the leading cause of injury-related death in older adults. Due to various constraints, objective fall risk screening is seldom performed in clinical settings. Smartphones offer a high potential to provide fall risk screening for older adults in home settings.

Balance and Gait Alterations Observed More Than 2 Weeks After Concussion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: The aim of the study was to systematically review and quantitatively synthesize the existing evidence of balance and gait alterations lasting more than 2 wks after concussion in adults.

Design: A systematic review was conducted through PubMed, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science. Investigations must include adult participants with at least one concussion, were measured for 14 days after injury, and reported balance or gait measures.

Age-Related Differences in Head Impact during Experimentally Induced Sideways Falls.

Purpose: To examine head impact incidence and head acceleration during experimentally induced falls as a function of age.

Methods: 15 young adults (21.2±2.

The Role of Neck Musculature in Traumatic Brain Injuries in Older Adults: Implications From Sports Medicine.

Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are common and serious injuries to older adults. The majority of TBIs in older adults are sustained when the head impacts the ground or other surface during a fall. While several non-modifiable risk factors have been identified for fall-related TBIs in older adults, there still remains a dearth of knowledge surrounding modifiable risk factors.

The attentional cost of movement in multiple sclerosis.

Individuals living with multiple sclerosis frequently have impairments in mobility. These impairments are more pronounced when they engage in a cognitively demanding mobility tasks (i.e.

Use of a Short Version of the Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale in Multiple Sclerosis.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurologic disease that results in balance and mobility impairments that are associated with elevated fall risk. One common patient-reported outcome measure of balance is the 16-item Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale. The ABC scale is valid and reliable in assessing balance confidence in people with MS.

Gait and Balance Impairments in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies.

Objective: To systematically review and quantitatively synthesize gait and balance impairments in breast cancer survivors compared with age-matched controls or normative values for adults who never had breast cancer.

Data Sources: PubMed, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health, and Web of Science was searched using terms associated with , , and until November 2018.

Study Selection: Studies were included if they were randomized control trials, cross-sectional, prospective, pre-post, or case-control by design, included adult breast cancer survivors, reported gait and/or balance metrics as primary or secondary outcomes, were peer-reviewed publications, and were written in English.

Increased Postural Demand Is Associated With Greater Cognitive Workload in Healthy Young Adults: A Pupillometry Study.

Balance tasks require cognitive resources to ensure postural stability. Pupillometry has been used to quantify cognitive workload of various cognitive tasks, but has not been studied in postural control. The current investigation utilized pupillometry to quantify the cognitive workload of postural control in healthy young adults.