[The role of nonoperative management of penetrating renal trauma].

Introduction: Penetrating renal trauma has been treated traditionally by renal exploration. In view of the successful outcome of nonoperative treatment of major blunt renal trauma, there has been a gradual shift in the approach to penetrating renal injuries, in selected cases. This study reviews the local experience with the conservative approach to penetrating renal injuries.

Does the narrow operating field in perineal radical prostatectomy lead to more positive surgical margins?

Aims: To assess the risk of leaving cancer-positive surgical margins in the perineal approach for radical prostatectomy as compared to the retropubic approach.

Methods: Seventy-six patients with clinically organ-confined prostate cancer (stage T1-2 NoMo) underwent radical prostatectomy. The 57 patients who underwent retropubic prostatectomy were compared to 19 patients in whom the perineal approach was undertaken.

The role of transrectal ultrasonography in the elucidation and treatment of an unusual case of azoospermia.

We report a case of male infertility with low ejaculate volume and azoospermia. An infected seminal vesicle cyst that induced partial obstruction of the seminal duct system was diagnosed by transrectal ultrasound. After transrectal cystic aspiration and decompression, a normal spermogram was obtained.

Immediate vasoactive effect of citral on the adolescent rat ventral prostate.

The vasoactive effect of a fragrance compound, citral, on rat ventral prostate is presented. A combined method of Indian-ink perfusion and postfixation transparency was used. One single dose of citral applied on the back skin of the rat induced an immediate triple response-like effect on the prostatic vascular bed.

Ploidy results in prostatic carcinoma vary with sampling method and with cytometric technique.

To evaluate the effect of sampling method and cytometric method on DNA ploidy results, a comparison study was performed on 20 whole prostate glands removed at prostatectomy. Fresh sampling was by sampling fine-needle aspiration (FNA). Paraffin sampling was by microdissection and re-embedding of 3 to 13 (average 6) 5-mm foci of microscopically proven tumor.

Multiple criteria in sonographic diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma allows identification of all glands harboring clinically significant tumor: an in vitro study with histopathologic correlation.

Fresh whole prostate glands were examined systematically in a water bath to look for four sonographic criteria for prostatic carcinoma: well-circumscribed hypoechoic regions, external asymmetry of the gland, increase in anterior-posterior diameter ratio, and irregularity of the prostatic capsule. Whole mount sections were examined to correlate the histopathologic and sonographic findings. Using hypoechogenicity alone, 26 of 43 glands harboring tumor were identified correctly.

The development of vascular supply of normal rat prostate during the sexual maturation: an angiographic study.

Vascular distribution of small blood vessels and capillaries using India ink angiography was studied in normal rat prostate from puberty up to full sexual maturation. The study included both macroscopic observation of the lobular vascular irrigation and the histological assessment of the periacinar capillary network. The topographical distribution of the main prostate branches was found to be different among the rat prostate lobes.

Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin or mitomycin C in the treatment of carcinoma in situ of the bladder following prior pelvic radiation therapy.

A total of 20 patients received intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) or mitomycin C for the treatment of carcinoma in situ following previous pelvic radiation therapy. Of the patients 14 (70%) responded completely after 1 or 2 courses of intravesical therapy. Mean followup from diagnosis of carcinoma in situ currently is 15.