Unveiling the multifaceted potential of amyloid fibrils: from pathogenic myths to biotechnological marvels.

Amyloid fibrils, historically stigmatized due to their association with diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, are now recognized as a distinct class of functional proteins with extraordinary potential. These highly ordered, cross-β-sheet protein aggregates are found across all domains of life, playing crucial physiological roles. In bacteria, functional amyloids like curli fibers are essential for surface adhesion, biofilm formation, and viral DNA packaging.

Emergency Surgical Management of Meningiomas: Factors Affecting Early Outcomes and Complications.

 Intracranial meningiomas constitute a third of all brain tumors and are among the most common indications for neurosurgical procedures performed worldwide. Most meningiomas present with an indolent, longstanding history. However, the data on outcomes of emergency surgeries for meningioma is limited.

Comparative analysis of rotary versus manual instrumentation in paediatric pulpectomy procedures: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The use of rotary file in permanent teeth is well-documented, but there is limited scientific evidence for its effectiveness in primary teeth. A meta-analysis was conducted to compare rotary and manual tools in primary tooth pulpectomy procedures. Ten databases were searched from 2000 to 2024 to find relevant literature.

Management of intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease: An institutional experience.

Objective: Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare benign proliferative disorder of histiocytes. The study discusses the intracranial RDD approach, its management, and its outcome.

Methods: It is a retrospective study performed in a tertiary center, the National Institute of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Bangalore, from January 2010 to December 2022.

How triacylglycerol thermal history impacts film removal by surfactant solution.

Hypothesis: The physical and mechanical properties of triacylglycerols (TAGs), or 'fats', depend on their composition and thermal history which, in turn, impact crystal structure and morphology. We examine whether thermal history can be mechanistically related to film removal by a surfactant solution.

Experiments: Model TAG mixtures, comprising triolein:tripalmitin:tristearin 0.

Concentration Dependent Asymmetric Synergy in SDS-DDAO Mixed Surfactant Micelles.

We investigate the structure and interactions of a model anionic/amphoteric mixed surfactant micellar system, namely, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and ,-dimethyldodecylamine -oxide (DDAO), employing SANS, FTIR, DLS, and pH measurements, in the range 0.1-100 mM total surfactant concentration and 0-100% DDAO. Increasing surfactant concentration is found to elongate the prolate ellipsoid micelles ( ∼ 25-40 Å), accompanied by up to a 6-fold increase in micellar charge.

Role of Optical Coherence Tomography in Predicting Visual Outcome after Surgery for Sellar and Supra-Sellar Tumors.

Background: Almost one-fifth of patients undergoing surgery for sellar/supra-sellar tumors do not gain a significant improvement in their vision. Various methods have been described to predict prospective visual outcomes in them, although they lack uniformity.

Objective: The study was conducted to predict visual outcomes following surgery for sellar and supra-sellar tumors compressing the anterior optic pathway based on pre-operative optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters.

Comparing the EdgeFile X3, GenEndo, HeroGold, and ProTaper Gold Rotary Instruments Regarding the Effect of Different Concentrations and Temperature of NaOCl on Cyclic Fatigue Resistance.

Aim: This research was carried out with the objective of comparison between GenEndo, Protaper Gold, Hero Gold and EdgeFile X3 regarding the effect of different concentrations of NaOCl.

Materials And Methods: About 720 study specimens were included in the study. They were divided into four groups.

Portal Vein Variations, Clinical Correlation, and Embryological Explanation: A Review Article.

Portal vein (PV) is a large vein that collects blood from the abdominal part of gall bladder, pancreas, alimentary tract, and spleen and transports to the liver. One of the parts of the extraembryonic venous system, the vitelline veins, is where PV starts. In about five weeks of gestation, a venous plexus is formed, and variations in this plexus lead to portal variance.

The Use of Retraction Sutures in End-To-Side Microvascular Anastomosis-A Novel Technical Innovation in Experimental Rat Femoral Model with Successful Use in STA-MCA Bypass in Moyamoya Disease.

Background: A narrow working space, small diameters, and the tendency to collapse with clamps make cerebral microvascular anastomosis challenging. A retraction suture (RS) is a novel technique to keep the recipient vessel lumen open during the bypass.

Objective: To provide a step-by-step overview of RS for end-to-side (ES) microvascular anastomosis on rat femoral vessels and successful use for superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass in Moyamoya disease patients.

Bioconcrete-Enabled Resilient Construction: a Review.

Concrete, the ubiquitous cementitious composite though immensely versatile, is crack-susceptible. Cracks let in deleterious substances causing durability issues. Superseding conventional crack-repair methods, the innovative application of microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICCP) stands prominent, being based on the natural phenomenon of carbonate precipitation.

Minimally invasive foramen magnum decompression using tubular retractors (MIFT) for Chiari I malformations.

Background: Chiari malformation type 1 has been traditionally treated with foramen magnum decompression and C1 arch excision with or without duroplasty depending on the surgeon's preference. Each of the various surgical modifications has its advantages and disadvantages.

Methods: We describe a minimally invasive tubular retractor-based approach to achieve bony decompression in these cases.

Light Responsiveness and Assembly of Arylazopyrazole-Based Surfactants in Neat and Mixed CTAB Micelles.

The self-assembly of an arylazopyrazole-based photosurfactant (PS), based on cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and its mixed micelle formation with CTAB in aqueous solution was investigated by small angle neutron and X-ray scattering (SANS/SAXS) and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. Upon UV light exposure, PS photoisomerizes from -PS () to -PS (), which transforms oblate ellipsoidal micelles into smaller, spherical micelles with larger shell thickness. Doping PS with CTAB resulted in mixed micelle formation at all stoichiometries and conditions investigated; employing selectively deuterated PS, a monotonic variation in scattering length density and dimensions of the micellar core and shell is observed for all contrasts.

Phase behaviour of model triglyceride ternary blends: triolein, tripalmitin and tristearin.

We investigate the phase behavior of model ternary triacylglycerol blends, comprising triolein (CHO, OOO), tripalmitin (CHO, PPP) and tristearin (CHO, SSS), building upon extensive characterisation of single and binary mixtures, in order to rigorously map the thermal transitions of model natural 'fats'. A combination of calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and FTIR spectroscopy is employed to determine crystallisation and melting temperatures and identify the corresponding phases in the complex ternary system. We recover the eutectic behaviour of SSS-PPP blends and the invariability of OOO neat transitions, and resolve the complex β' + β ternary surface, reflecting the roles of unsaturation and polymorphism of its constituents.

Comparing Expansion of Maxillary Antrum between Periapical Surgery and Extraction of Permanent Maxillary First Molar in Pediatric Patients Using CBCT.

Aim: To compare the expansion of maxillary antrum between periapical surgery and extraction of permanent maxillary first molar in pediatric patients using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials And Methods: In this study, 136 participants in the age-group of 11-18 years were included. The participants were divided into two groups.

Delayed Vasospasm in Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Pituitary Surgery: Two Case Reports and Reviews.

Background: Cerebral vasospasm (CVS) due to injuries to arteries of the circle of willies has been reported in transsphenoidal pituitary surgeries. However, the incidence of delayed vasospasm following endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery is rare.

Materials And Methods: Total 569 pituitary adenomas were operated on by endoscopic transsphenoidal approach from January 2016 to February 2020.

Solution Structures of Anionic-Amphoteric Surfactant Mixtures near the Two-Phase Region at Fixed pH.

We examine the solution structures in a mixed surfactant system of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and ,-dimethyldodecylamine -oxide (DDAO) in water, on both sides of the two-phase boundary, employing dynamic light scattering, small-angle neutron scattering, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The precipitate phase boundary was accessed by lowering pH to 8, from its floating pH 9.5 value, and was experimentally approached from the monomeric and micellar regions in three ways: at fixed DDAO or SDS concentrations and at a fixed (70:30) SDS:DDAO molar ratio.

Xanthogranulomatous Colloid Cyst in a 13-Year-Old Boy: A Case Report and Surgical Implications.

Introduction: Colloid cysts are relatively uncommon lesions in the pediatric population. The xanthogranulomatous (XG) variant is very rare with less than 30 reported cases.

Case Report: In this report, the patient was a 13-year-old boy who presented with transient episodes of headache with blurring of vision.

Sella Bugged! Abscess Inside a Craniopharyngioma: Case Report with Literature Review.

Introduction: Abscess within a craniopharyngioma (CPG) is extremely rare and only 8 such cases have been reported in literature. Most patients present with hypopituitarism and visual disturbances. We report the first ever case of a CPG with abscess in a pediatric patient.