[The HRM-new molecular technique of detection of pharmaceutical resistance of micobacteria of tuberculosis].

The early detection of isolates of mycobacterium of tuberculosis resistant to anti-tuberculosis pharmaceuticals is ultimately needed for optimization of treatment scheme and prevention of propagation of resistant strains. The literature review presents analysis of data concerning the new, fast and inexpensive technique of detection of mutations in genes of mycobacterium of tuberculosis competent for multiple medicinal resistance. The molecular genetic technique HRM (high resolution melting curve analysis) is based on implementation of amplification of DNA fragments with subsequent analysis of their curves of melting with high resolution.

[Quality assessment of HCV RNA detection by PCR method in Federal System of External Quality Assessment in 2005 - 2007].

Part of the Federal System of External Quality Assessment of Clinical Laboratory Tests named "PCR-identification of hepatitis C virus (HCV)" and aimed at detection of HCV RNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay is functioning from 2000. Ninety, 98, and 112 laboratories from more than 50 regions of Russian Federation participated in it in 2000, 2006, and 2007 respectively. Analysis of results of control samples tests, which were performed by participated laboratories, showed increasing proportion of method of amplification in the presence of fluorescent-marked probes both in real-time and in end-point regimens.

[Results of assessing the quality of Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, and Ureaplasma urealyticum DNA by polymerase chain reaction in 2006-2007)].

Analyzing the results of detection of C. trachomatis, M. hominis, and U.

[Effect of therapy with atorvastatin on parameters of postprandial lipemia and factors of inflammation in patients with ischemic heart disease].

Reaction of parameters of lipid transport system to standard fat load (J.Patsch method), C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen levels were studied in 30 patients with ischemic heart disease before and after 3 months of therapy with atorvastatin (10 mg/day). Atorvastatin therapy resulted in 25, 34, 17 and 16% lowering of concentrations of total cholesterol (CH), low density lipoprotein CH, triglycerides (TG), and apolipoprotein (apo) B, respectively, 6 and 9% elevation of high density lipoprotein CH and apo A-1 levels, respectively.

[Quality of Neisseria gonorrhoeae DNA detection by polymerase chain reaction: the Federal External Quality Assessment System data].

An analysis of the data submitted in 2005 by 75 laboratories from 31 Russian Federation's regions, participated in the area of the Federal external quality assessment system (FEQAS) "Polymerase chain reaction detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae" in 2005 indicated that for identification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae DNA, the FEQAS participants used mainly reagents made by Russian manufacturers; the proportion of correct results obtained in the detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae DNA in the control samples with a DNA concentrations of 10(4) and 10(5) copies/ml was greater than 90% whereas it decreased to 65-75% when the concentration of DNA was 10' copies/ml; there were no significant differences in the proportion of correct results obtained when two most common sets were used to isolate DNA; the proportion of correct results for control samples with a DNA concentration of 10(3) copies/ml was distinctly higher when hybridization with fluorescence detection was employed as a method for detecting the products of Neisseria gonorrhoeae DNA amplification than electrophoresis was applied.

[PCR studies in laboratory diagnosis: problems of quality assurance].

The determination of DNA and RNA of causative agents by the nucleic acid amplification techniques (NAT) presented in the Russian laboratory diagnosis of infections solely by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) have currently found the widest application in world practice and, in some cases, is a basic procedure for detecting an infectious agent, particularly in the diagnosis of infections caused by human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus, hepatitis B virus, cytomegalovirus, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and others. The paper presents the data available in the literature on the main reasons for false positive and false negative results in PCR studies, international and national programs for the outside quality control (OQC) of detection of causative agents for various diseases, by applying NAT. It is emphasized that the regular participation in OQC programs is likely to be useful in improving the quality of PCR studies.

[The lipid composition of high-density lipoproteins in patients with psoriasis].

Ten lipid fractions were detected in patients with psoriasis by the method of unidimensional chromatography in a thin layer of silica gel with two solvent systems designed for separating a lipid extract of high-density lipoproteins (HDLP). Four phospholipids fractions were identified as follows: three main ones, i.e.

[The use of insulin-modified intravenous glucose tolerance test in the diagnosis of insulin resistance in patients with metabolic syndrome].

Fifty-five patients (mean age 42.3) with clinical signs of metabolic syndrome were investigated. The peroral glucose-tolerance and insulin-modified intravenous glucose-tolerance tests were used in the diagnosis of insulin-resistance.

[The content of double bonds and lipids in blood serum of healthy people and patients with hyperlipidemia].

The number of dual bonds (DB) was determined by the ozonization method in the lipid fraction of blood serm (BS) in healthy subjects and in patients with hyperlipidemia (HLP). Single-direction changes were detected in the DB quantity and in the lipid level in case of HLP; besides, a highly reliable positive correlation was established between the DB concentration and the basic BS lipid classes. The results suggest that an increasing DB quantity in HLP is preconditioned by a growing lipid contents and show their tense relation with components of the lipid transport system (LTS).

[Combination therapy with fluvastatin and fenofibrate in ischemic heart disease patients with combined hyperlipidemia and type 2 diabetes].

Aim: To assess efficacy of combination therapy with fluvastatin and fenofibrate in ischemic heart disease (IHD) patients with combined hyperlipidemia and type 2 diabetes.

Material: Patients with IHD and combined hyperlipidemia with (n=56)) or without type 2 diabetes (n=30).

Methods: After 8-week diet period the patients were randomized to 4 weeks monotherapy with either fluvastatin (40 mg/day) or micronized fenofibrate (200 mg/day).

Macrophage-granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and fibroblast growth factor in the blood of patients with hyperlipoproteinemia.

Solid-phase ELISA revealed increased content of macrophage-granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and basic fibroblast growth factor in the serum of hyperlipoproteinemic patients.

[Effect of atorvastatin on endothelial function in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia].

Aim: To study the influence of treatment with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor atorvastatin on endothelial function in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia type IIa.

Materials And Methods: Sixteen patients (5m/11w, 51-/+3 years) with familial hypercholesterolemia were studied before and after 3 months of therapy with atorvastatin 20 mg/day. EDRF release test (D.

[Effect of hormone replacement therapy on blood serum lipids in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes].

There are limited data concerning influence of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on lipid profile in women with type 2 diabetes. Aim of the study was to compare changes of blood lipids during HRT in postmenopausal women with and without type 2 diabetes. Seventy seven women included in the study were assigned to 1 of 4 groups, basing on being diabetic or nondiabetic, and further subdivided into users of estrogen alone (ERT), and of estrogen plus progestin (EPRT).

[Six-month xenical (orlistat) therapy of patients with stable angina pectoris concomitant with obesity and hyperlipidemia].

Aim: To evaluate the efficiency of 6-month therapy with xenical (gastrointestinal lipase inhibitor) in combination with diet in patients with stable angina pectoris associated with obesity and hyperlipemia.

Material And Methods: An open comparative randomized study of the efficiency of xenical in combination with diet was carried out in patients with stable angina pectoris concomitant with obesity and hyperlipemia. Thirty coronary patients aged 45-65 years with stable angina of effort (functional class I-II) with body weight index 28.

[Diagnostic significance of albumin transporting characteristics and blood level of troponin T in myocardial infarction].

Serum albumin binding capacity (ABC) was studied using K-35 hydrophobic fluorescent probe in order evaluate the passive transfer and absorption of saturated fatty acids (s-FA) by the cells. ABC decreases on day 3 of myocardial infarction and remains low till discharge and is paralleled by hyperTG. We believe that ABC decrease reflects activation of passive transfer and absorption of s-FA by the cells during simultaneous blocking (presumably by acute phase proteins) of active apoE/B-100 receptor endocytosis of s-FA in the form of TG as VLDL remnants.

[The content of double bonds in blood serum lipids from patients with myocardial infarction].

Hypocholesterolemia and hypotriglyceridemia during the first days of myocardial infarction (MI) is a result of enhanced absorption of saturated fatty acids in the form of triglycerides within very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) through apoE/B-100 receptors. This is followed by inhibition of this endocytosis, accumulation of saturated fatty acids VLDL in the blood, and hypertriglyceridemia. Permanent level of double bonds in MI (ozone titration) results not from MI but from blocking of cell absorption of polyenic fatty acids in the form of cholesterol polyesters in low-density lipoproteins (LDL) through apoB-100 receptors, which is characteristic of atherosclerosis.

[The determination of the double bounds in blood serum lipids by titration with ozone: the pathophysiology and diagnostic significance].

In this article the method of definition of double binders in lipids of blood serum in patients with different diseases basically atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease, with use titration by ozone is given. The received data testify to an opportunity of use of this method in the diagnostic purposes.

[Correlations of lipoprotein metabolism indicators in persons with low and high cholesterol ester transport activity].

For clarifying the role of plasma cholesterol ester transfer activity (CETA) in forming hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP) and determination of high density lipoproteins cholesterol (Ch HDL) level, lipoprotein metabolism indicators were compared for individuals with high and low CETA. 257 subjects were investigated: 195 patients with different forms of hereditary HLP and individuals without HLP: 34 healthy and 28 with coronary heart disease (CHD). Lipids were determined enzymatically, apoproteins content by immunoturbodimetric and immunodiffusion methods.

[Cerivastatin-a new synthetic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG) inhibitor: effect of 0,2 mg dose in patients with primary hyperlipidemias].

Aim: To elucidate efficacy, safety and tolerance of lipobay (cerivastatin), a new HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitor (0.2 mg/day) in patients with primary hyperlipidemia (PHL).

Materials And Methods: The trial enrolled 15 men aged 21-64 years with PHL of type 2a and 2b.

[Variability of the hypolipidemic action of simvastatin and fluvastatin in patients with primary hyperlipoproteinemia].

Aim: To reveal the metabolic parameters of lipoproteins (L), which determine the benefits of hypolipidemic effects of simvastatin (S) and fluvastatin (F); to trace changes in the activity of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCA) and cholesterol (C) ester transfer (CET) from high density lipoproteins to very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) and the levels of apoE in the blood and in some L classes during therapy with the above drugs.

Materials And Methods: Thirty six patients took S, 10 mg/day, and 25 received F, 20 mg/day, for 3 months. The levels of lipids were measured by enzyme assays, apoprotein (apo) was determined by immunoturbidimetry and immunodiffusion.

[Lipid composition of high density lipoproteins in familial hyperlipoproteinemias].

The lipid composition of high density lipoproteins was studied in 53 patients with various forms of hereditary hyperlipoproteinemia. 20 healthy individuals formed control group. One-dimensional thin-layer chromatography on silica gel with two solvent systems was used to separate lipid fractions of high density lipoproteins.

Immunoreactivity of apolipoprotein B-100 and binding to LDL-receptor of phospholipase A2-treated low density lipoproteins.

Lipid--protein particles were obtained by treatment of low density lipoproteins (LDL) with phospholipase A2 from bee venom. Under these conditions, half of the phosphatidylcholine (PC) of LDL was changed to lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC). At the same time, the composition of other lipids and the apoprotein structure were unaffected.