Occupation and larynx and hypopharynx cancer: a job-exposure matrix approach in an international case-control study in France, Italy, Spain and Switzerland.

Objective: To investigate the effect of exposure to occupational agents on the risk of hypopharyngeal/laryngeal cancer.

Methods: Case-control study conducted during 1979-1982 in six centres in South Europe. An occupational history and information on exposure to non-occupational factors were collected for 1010 male cases of hypopharyngeal/ laryngeal cancer as well as for 2176 population controls.

Occupation and larynx and hypopharynx cancer: an international case-control study in France, Italy, Spain, and Switzerland.

Objective: To estimate risks for laryngeal/hypopharyngeal cancer associated with occupational titles and industrial activities.

Methods: A multicentre population-based case-control study was conducted in the early 1980s in six southern European areas. Analyses included 1010 male cases and 2176 controls.

[Alcohol and cancer].

Regular consumption of alcoholic beverages increases the risk of cancer in the upper aero-digestive tract and in the liver. There is a dose-response relationship and the effects are combined with those of tobacco, according to a multiplicative model. The biologic mechanisms are unclear.

Nutrient intake patterns and gastric cancer risk: a case-control study in Belgium.

A case-control study on gastric cancer risk in relation to nutrient composition of diet was conducted in the 2 Belgian provinces of Oost-Vlaanderen and Liège as part of a large epidemiological study on cancers of the digestive tract, also including colorectal cancer. The statistical analysis was carried out on a total of 301 men and women aged 35-74 years with histologically confirmed stomach tumors and 2,851 population controls. Dietary intake assessments were obtained by interview, using a dietary history questionnaire.

Incidence of tobacco and alcohol-related cancers in western Europe.

The relative importance of the tobacco and alcohol-related cancer burden varies across countries. Within western Europe, the incidence of lung cancer has a clearly different geographical pattern to the incidence of alcohol-related cancer. Each country's public health policies should take into account its own tobacco and alcohol-related morbidities.

The relationship between dietary fat intake and risk of colorectal cancer: evidence from the combined analysis of 13 case-control studies.

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of the intake of dietary fat upon colorectal cancer risk in a combined analysis of data from 13 case-control studies previously conducted in populations with differing colorectal cancer rates and dietary practices. Original data records for 5,287 cases of colorectal cancer and 10,470 controls were combined. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) for intakes of total energy, total fat and its components, and cholesterol.

Diet and cancers of the larynx and hypopharynx: the IARC multi-center study in southwestern Europe.

The main causes of cancer of the larynx and hypopharynx are smoking cigarettes and drinking alcohol. However, for these as well as for other cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract, some dietary components, mainly low consumption of fruit and vegetables, have been observed to be associated with increased cancer risk. We report results from a multicenter case-control study carried out in six regions of Europe located in northern Spain, northern Italy, Switzerland, and France.

Laryngeal cancer.

By and large, the incidence of laryngeal cancer is tending to increase over time in much of the world, often in parallel with changes in tobacco and/or alcohol consumption. There are encouraging examples of declining trends that can be attributed to decreasing use of either tobacco or alcohol. These observations are in line with what is known about the multiplicative effects of both exposures.

Smoking habits in French adolescents.

A survey on adolescent smoking habits was carried out among 2,587 girls and boys, mostly aged between 11 and 16 and belonging to 16 schools representative of the 'département' of Rhône in France, in order to evaluate present smoking behaviour as well as estimate the influence of parents, friends and sociodemographic factors in acquiring or maintaining the habit. Students were surveyed in schools using a self-administered, anonymous questionnaire. Analysis was carried out using both the univariate and logistic methods, aiming at a precise quantification and description of the smoking habit, as well as an identification of predictors of smoking, separately for girls and boys, and also for triers only, occasional and regular smokers.

Diet and gastric cancer. A case-control study in Belgium.

A case-control study was carried out in 2 Belgian provinces with contrasting gastric-cancer mortality. The results were analyzed for the total study group and also separately in each of the 4 sub-groups: men and women in each province. Only risks which appeared consistently in at least 3 of these 4 sub-groups were retained in the discussion.

Oesophageal cancer in France and Switzerland: recent time trends.

This paper reports the incidence of oesophageal carcinoma in five cancer registries from France and in a further two from the francophone regions of Switzerland. The cancers are segregated into the two main histological types (squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma). In Belgium the proportion of adenocarcinomas is much higher than in any of the French registries.

Alcohol-related cancers in Mediterranean countries.

In most countries bordering the Mediterranean, alcohol ranks second to tobacco as a risk factor for cancer. It is directly implicated in cancer of the mouth, larynx, hypopharynx and esophagus. For all these cancers a dose-response relationship has been demonstrated as well as a combination with the effect of tobacco, the two effects being multiplicative.

Cancer of the larynx/hypopharynx, tobacco and alcohol: IARC international case-control study in Turin and Varese (Italy), Zaragoza and Navarra (Spain), Geneva (Switzerland) and Calvados (France).

A case-control study on larynx and hypopharynx cancer was carried out in 6 populations including the city of Turin and the province of Varese (Italy), the provinces of Navarra and Zaragoza (Spain), the canton of Geneva (Switzerland), and the département of Calvados (France). This report presents an analysis of the risk associated with alcohol and tobacco consumption based on 1,147 male cases and 3,057 male population controls. Special attention was given to the study of the risk at various sites of larynx and hypopharynx.

Colorectal cancer and the consumption of foods: a case-control study in Belgium.

A case-control study on 453 cases with colon cancer, 365 with rectal cancer, and 2,851 population controls was carried out in two Belgian provinces known to differ in certain dietary habits, particularly with regard to the use of butter. All raw vegetables had a clear protective effect for both colon and rectal cancer; bread was also protective for colon cancer. Starchy foods and foods rich in oligosaccharides (sugar) caused an increased risk for both colon and rectal cancer.

[Environmental factors and acute leukemia in children. Apropos of a case-control study carried out in the Rhône-Alpes region].

To test the large number of hypotheses proposed as causes for childhood leukemia, a case control study was carried out on every child diagnosed for acute leukemia between 1.1.1977 and 12.