Synthesis of new DOPO derivatives and investigation of their synergistic effect with APP-PEI on the flame retardancy of epoxy composite.

Epoxy resin has been extensively used in many industrial and daily applications due to its unique properties. However, the high flammability of epoxy has limited its further development. DOPO derivatives, which are organophosphorus compounds, are highly effective components of flame retardant epoxy composites due to their good compatibility with the resin and their lower toxicity compared to halogenated compounds.

Synthesis, molecular docking analysis and evaluation of new heterocyclic hybrids of 4-aza-podophyllotoxin as potent cytotoxic agents.

Two different synthetic approaches to novel heterocyclic hybrid compounds of 4-azapodophyllotoxin were investigated. The obtained products were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and high-resolution mass spectrometry. MTT protocol was then performed to examine the cytotoxic activity of these products against KB, HepG2, A549, MCF7, and Hek-293 cell lines.

Chemical Profile and Biological Activities of Fungal Strains Isolated from Piper nigrum Roots: Experimental and Computational Approaches.

The current report describes the chemical investigation and biological activity of extracts produced by three fungal strains Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium simplicissimum, and Fusarium proliferatum isolated from the roots of Piper nigrum L. growing in Vietnam. These fungi were namely determined by morphological and DNA analyses.

Applying response surface methodology to optimize partial nitrification in sequence batch reactor treating salinity wastewater.

In this study, the operation parameters of a partial nitrification process (PN) treating saline wastewater were optimized using the Box-Behnken design via the response surface methodology (BBD-RSM). A novel strategy based on the control of the carbon/nitrogen ratio (C/N), alkalinity/ammonia ratio (K/A), and salinity in three stages was used to achieve PN in a sequence batch reactor. The results demonstrated that a high and stable PN was completed after 50 d with an ammonia removal efficiency (ARE) of 98.

Cytotoxic and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Xanthones from Garcinia mckeaniana Leaves and Molecular Docking Study.

A new racemic xanthone, garmckeanin A (1), and eight known analogs 2-9 were isolated from the ethyl acetate (AcOEt) extract of the Vietnamese Garcinia mckeaniana leaves. Their structures were determined by MS and NMR spectral analyses and compared with the literature. The AcOEt extract showed good cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines KB, Lu, Hep-G2 and MCF7, with IC values of 5.

Garcimckeans A-C, three new xanthones from the stems of , and their cytotoxic activity.

Three new xanthones, garcimckeans A-C () were isolated from the methanol extract of the stems of (Clusiaceae). Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analysis (HR-ESI-MS and 1 D and 2 D NMR) and by comparison of the spectral data with those reported in the literature. Compounds displayed weak cytotoxic activity toward KB, Lu, HepG2, and MCF7 cell lines using the MTT assay with IC values ranging from 71.

Synthesis of messagenin and platanic acid chalcone derivatives and their biological potential.

The chalcone derivatives of 20-oxo-lupanes have been synthesised and screened for some types of biological activity. Ozonolysis of lupanes afforded 20-oxo-derivatives with the following condensation using different aromatic aldehydes by Claisen‒Schmidt reaction to the target compounds. The configuration of 19-[3-(pyridin-3-yl)-prop-2-en-1-one]-fragment was established by X-ray analysis.

Medicinal Plant : A Resource of Bioactive Compounds.

Background: Centipeda minima (the family Asteraceae) is an annual herbaceous plant native to the tropical regions, especially in eastern tropical Asia. C. minima is well-known in the list of medicinal plants with capacities in treatment of whooping cough, nasal allergy, malaria, and asthma.

Synthesis, structure and in vitro cytotoxicity testing of some 2-aroylbenzofuran-3-ols.

Five 2-aroyl-5-bromobenzo[b]furan-3-ol compounds (two of which are new) and four new 2-aroyl-5-iodobenzo[b]furan-3-ol compounds were synthesized starting from salicylic acid. The compounds were characterized by mass spectrometry and H NMR and C NMR spectroscopy. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies of four compounds, namely, (5-bromo-3-hydroxybenzofuran-2-yl)(4-fluorophenyl)methanone, CHBrFO, (5-bromo-3-hydroxybenzofuran-2-yl)(4-chlorophenyl)methanone, CHBrClO, (5-bromo-3-hydroxybenzofuran-2-yl)(4-bromophenyl)methanone, CHBrO, and (4-bromophenyl)(3-hydroxy-5-iodobenzofuran-2-yl)methanone, CHBrIO, were also carried out.

Synthesis, structure and in vitro cytotoxicity testing of some 1,3,4-oxadiazoline derivatives from 2-hydroxy-5-iodobenzoic acid.

The syntheses of nine new 5-iodosalicylic acid-based 1,3,4-oxadiazoline derivatives starting from methyl salicylate are described. These compounds are 2-[4-acetyl-5-methyl-5-(3-nitrophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-4-iodophenyl acetate (6a), 2-[4-acetyl-5-methyl-5-(4-nitrophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-4-iodophenyl acetate (6b), 2-(4-acetyl-5-methyl-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-4-iodophenyl acetate, CHINO (6c), 2-[4-acetyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-4-iodophenyl acetate, CHFINO (6d), 2-[4-acetyl-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-4-iodophenyl acetate, CHClINO (6e), 2-[4-acetyl-5-(3-bromophenyl)-5-methyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-4-iodophenyl acetate (6f), 2-[4-acetyl-5-(4-bromophenyl)-5-methyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-4-iodophenyl acetate (6g), 2-[4-acetyl-5-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-4-iodophenyl acetate (6h) and 2-[5-(4-acetamidophenyl)-4-acetyl-5-methyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-4-iodophenyl acetate (6i). The compounds were characterized by mass, H NMR and C NMR spectroscopies.

Crystal structure of (1RS,21SR,22RS,24SR)-28-oxo-24-propyl-8,11,14-trioxa-24,27-di-aza-penta-cyclo[19.5.1.1(22,26).0(2,7).0(15,20)]octa-cosa-2,4,6,15(20),16,18-hexa-ene acetic acid monosolvate.

The title compound, C26H32N2O4(M)·C2H4O2, (I), is the product of the Petrenko-Kritchenko condensation of N-propyl-piperidinone with 1,5-bis-(2-formyl-phen-oxy)-3-oxa-pentane and ammonium acetate. In M, the aza-14-crown-3-ether ring adopts a bowl conformation, with the configuration of the C-O-C-C -O-C-C-O-C polyether chain being t-g ((-))-t-t-g ((+))-t (t = trans, 180°; g = gauche, ±60°). The dihedral angle between the planes of the benzene rings fused to the aza-14-crown-4-ether moiety is 62.

Synthesis of new simplified hemiasterlin derivatives with α,β-unsaturated carbonyl moiety.

In this Letter, we report a convenient and efficient method for the synthesis of new simplified derivatives of hemiasterlin in which the α,α-dimethylbenzylic moiety A is replaced by α,β-unsaturated aryl groups as Michael acceptor. Most of these derivatives have a strong cytotoxic activity on three human tumor cell lines (KB, Hep-G2 and MCF7). Analogs 17b and 17f showed a high cytotoxicity against KB and Hep-G2 cancer cell lines comparable to paclitaxel and ellipticine.

Palladium(II)-catalyzed synthesis of 2H,3'H-spiro[benzofuran-3,2'-naphthoquinones].

2H,3'H-Spiro[benzofuran-3,2'-naphthoquinones], constituting a new spiroheterocyclic skeleton, were synthesized starting from 2-aryloxymethyl-1,4-naphthoquinones by means of a palladium(II)-catalyzed reaction, which is a new spirocyclic transformation. Under optimal conditions, i.e.

1-Methyl-3-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)-1H-imidazol-3-ium picrate.

The title salt, C13H11N2O2 (+)·C6H2N3O7 (-), is the unexpected product of a domino reaction of 3-cyano-methyl-1-methyl-imidazolium chloride with salicylic aldehyde in the presence of picric acid. In the cation, the 1H-imidazole ring is twisted by 63.2 (1)° from the 2H-chromen plane.

Straightforward palladium-mediated synthesis and biological evaluation of benzo[j]phenanthridine-7,12-diones as anti-tuberculosis agents.

In 1991, WHO recognized the resurgence of tuberculosis as a global health problem. Although modern chemotherapy is effective against the causative pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the current drug regimens have failed to eradicate the disease. The success of the pathogen, partially attributed to drug resistance, necessitates the development of novel anti-tuberculosis drugs.

Chemical constituents of the rhizomes of Hedychium coronarium and their inhibitory effect on the pro-inflammatory cytokines production LPS-stimulated in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells.

The rhizomes of Hedychium coronarium have been used for the treatment of inflammation, skin diseases, headache, and sharp pain due to rheumatism in traditional medicine. From this plant, three new labdane-type diterpenes 1-3, named coronarins G-I as well as seven known 4-10, coronarin D, coronarin D methyl ether, hedyforrestin C, (E)-nerolidol, β-sitosterol, daucosterol, and stigmasterol were isolated. Their chemical structures were elucidated by mass, 1D- and 2D-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

A new lignan dimer from Mallotus philippensis.

A new lignan dimer, bilariciresinol (1), was isolated from the leaves of Mallotus philippensis, along with platanoside (2), isovitexin (3), dihydromyricetin (4), bergenin (5), 4-O-galloylbergenin (6), and pachysandiol A (7). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic experiments including 1D and 2D NMR and FTICR-MS.

Unusual 22S-spirostane steroids from Dracaena cambodiana.

From the methanol extract of Dracaena cambodiana roots two unusual 22S-spirostane steroids (1beta,3beta,14alpha,20R,22S,25R)-spirost-5-ene-1,3,14-triol (1) and (lbeta,3beta,14alpha,15alpha,20R,22S,25R)-spirost-5-ene-tetrol (2) have been isolated, together with a known 22R-spirostane compound, namogenin B (3). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and spectrometric methods, including HRMS and extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. Compound 1 showed significant antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Fusarium oxysporum, with MIC values of 45.

Synthesis of novel 10-deoxoartemisinins.

The synthesis of novel 10-deoxoartemisinin derivatives containing heterocyclic rings and hydrophilic groups, and their antimalarial activity assessment are described. Most of the synthesized derivatives are more potent than artemisinin, especially, some of them are 20-25 times more potent than artemisinin to two chloroquine-resistant and sensitive clones of P. falciparum.

New pyranonaphthoquinone and pyranonaphthohydroquinone from the roots of Pentas longiflora.

Several quinone type compounds were isolated from the hexane, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate extracts of the roots of Pentas longiflora. The hexane extract afforded two new compounds, [(3alpha,3'alpha,4beta,4'beta)-3,3']-dimethoxy-cis-[4,4'-bis(3,4,5,10-tetrahydro-1H-naphtho[2,3-c]pyran)]-5,5',10,10'-tetraone (1) and cis-3,4-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydromollugin (2), together with six known compounds, namely, pentalongin, mollugin, trans-3,4-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydromollugin, methyl-2,3-epoxy-3-prenyl-1,4-naphthoquinone-2-carboxylate, tectoquinone, and 3-hydroxymollugin. From the dichloromethane extract were isolated the three known compounds 3-methoxymollugin, methyl-3-prenyl-1,4-naphthoquinone-2-carboxylate, and scopoletin, while the ethyl acetate extract afforded the known 2-methoxy-3-methylanthraquinone.

A benzochromene from the roots of Pentas bussei.

A new homoprenylated benzochromene, methyl-5,10-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-3-methyl-3-[4-methyl-3-pentenyl]-3H-benzo[f]chromene-9-carboxylate (1), was isolated from the roots of Pentas bussei, collected from Kenya. The structure of this new compound was determined by spectroscopic data interpretation.