[Effect of aortic clamping on hemodynamics at reconstruction of the thoracoabdominal aorta].

This paper describes an experience with monitoring and computerized follow up of the hemodynamic status in 60 patients at and right after reconstruction of the thoracoabdominal aorta. In addition to the routine control, measurements were made of the pressure in the large vessels and cavities of the heart, duration of each heart contraction and CI. The following parameters were computed automatically: the status of the ventricles for each heart contraction, resistance of the greater end pulmonary circulation, elasticity of the arterial, venous, pulmonary arterial and pulmonary venous reservoirs, also for each cardiac cycle.

[Methods of plastic surgery of the renal arteries in children with vasorenal hypertension].

The work deals with the management of vasorenal hypertension in children and adolescents. The Bakulev Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery had 185 children with arterial hypertension from 1965 to 1990. Their ages ranged from 12 months to 17 years.

[New aspects of the surgical treatment of aortic coarctation].

The article substantiates the urgency of the problem and shows the results of surgical treatment of coarctation of the aorta in 103 patients who were operated on in the recent 5 years. The operation of choice was resection of the coarctation with the formation of an end-to-end anastomosis (90.3% of operations).

[Surgical treatment of nonspecific aorto-arteritis].

The authors analyse experience with 273 operations carried out in 273 patients; 107 operations were conducted on the branches of the aortic arch, 136 were performed for the "middle aorta syndrome", and 30 operations were performed in affections of the terminal aorta and the iliac arteries. Experience is also shown in operative treatment of 32 patients with coexistent affections of the "middle aorta" and the branches of the aortic arch, the surgical tactics and the sequence of operations in this type of pathology are discussed. Problems dealing with the classification of nonspecific aorto-aortitis (NAA) are discussed, and the authors' classification of the variants of the vascular manifestations of the process is suggested.

[A new method of surgical treatment of recurrent aortic coarctation (aorto-aortic shunting from the ascending to the descending thoracic aorta)].

The authors discuss the immediate results of 44 reconstructive operations performed for a second time on the descending thoracic aorta for complications of operative interventions conducted earlier for coarctation of the aorta. The high operative risk is connected with difficulties of rethoracotomy and the need to compress the thoracic aorta for a lengthy period of time. Operation for aorto-aortic shunting through right thoracotomy made it possible to avoid these difficulties.

[A detector of the scintillator-photodiode type for a medical x-ray computed tomograph].

The authors describe a solid-state detector (CsI/T1/+Si-photodiode) for medical CT-systems of the 4th generation, provide its characteristics which were studied using an experimental set-up, showing beam intensities and sampling rates typical for computerized tomography. The results are compared with those obtained for detectors of a commercial Quad-1 tomograph and pilot items based on CdWO4 and ZnSe(Te).

[Surgical treatment of post-anastomosis aneurysm developed after reconstructive operations on the thoracic aorta].

Twenty-three patients were examined and operated on for aneurysms of anastomoses which formed after reconstructive operations on the thoracic aorta for its coarctation (15), kinking of the arch of the aorta (4), traumatic aneurysms (2), nonspecific aortoarteritis (1) and dissecting aneurysm (1). The involved segment had to be repaired with a prosthesis in all operations carried out for the second time. In 30% of patients the course was complicated (aortopulmonary fistulas, false aneurysm with dissection of the descending thoracic aorta).

[Effect of lumbar sympathectomy on late results of reconstructive operations on the abdominal aorta and arteries of the lower extremities].

The use of reconstructive operation in combination with lumbar sympathectomy for the treatment of obliterative lesion of the vessels of the aortoiliofemoral segment permits to reduce the incidence of development of the early postoperative vascular thrombosis and late reocclusion. A good patency of vascular transplants after combined operation was noted in 62% of cases, after isolated reconstruction--in 38%.

[Surgical treatment of high occlusion of the abdominal aorta associated with lesions of coronary, renal and visceral arteries].

The results of surgical treatment of 158 patients with high occlusion of the abdominal aorta associated with lesion of the coronary, renal and visceral arteries are presented. The technique of aorto-femoral shunting from the descending aorta with isolated plasty of its branches in patients with concomitant severe coronary disease, permitting to reduce the incidence of complications and lethality, is suggested.

[Dissecting aneurysms of the descending thoracic and abdominal aorta (current classification and surgical tactics)].

Results of clinical studies and surgical treatment of patients with dissecting aneurysms of the descending thoracic and abdominal aorta are discussed. A new modification of the clinicoanatomical classification of this aortic disease is proposed with the emphasis on the possibility of (1) retrograde extension of the pathological process into the aortic arch with primary intimal rupture in the descending thoracic segment, and (2) multifocal aortic lesion, a combination of dissecting aneurysm and true discrete aneurysm of the unaffected aortic portion. The possibility of performing various types of one-stage and stage-by-stage reconstruction of the descending aorta depending on the degree and extension of dissection is shown.

[Parameters of detectors for medical x-ray computed tomographs].

Described in the paper are the techniques of testing parameters of detectors based on CdTe, HgI2, Si-photodiode + CsI (T1). The X-ray stand is especially designed to check the quality performance of detectors and to estimate their further possible use in computerized tomographic systems.