Anesthetic management of a neonate with congenital diaphragmatic hernia under high-frequency oscillatory ventilation.

Perioperative management of a neonate with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is challenging because of pulmonary hypoplasia, pulmonary hypertension, and respiratory insufficiency. In this report, we present our intra-operative experience in a 4-days old and 3070 grams CDH neonate. He was admitted to neonatal intensive care unit and intubated due to severe respiratory insufficiency.

Novel homozygous inactivating mutation of the calcium-sensing receptor gene (CASR) in neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism-lack of effect of cinacalcet.

Background: NSHPT is a life-threatening disorder caused by homozygous inactivating calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) mutations. In some cases, the CaSR allosteric activator, cinacalcet, may reduce serum PTH and calcium levels, but surgery is the treatment of choice.

Objective: To describe a case of NSHPT unresponsive to cinacalcet.

Acute peritoneal dialysis in neonates with acute kidney injury and hypernatremic dehydration.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of acute peritoneal dialysis (PD) and clinical outcomes in neonates with acute kidney injury (AKI) and hypernatremic dehydration. ♢

Methods: The medical records of 15 neonates with AKI and hypernatremic dehydration who were treated with acute PD were reviewed. The diagnoses were AKI with hypernatremic dehydration with or without sepsis in 13 patients and AKI with hypernatremia and congenital nephropathy in 2 patients.

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a 4-year experience in a single centre.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) patients in our department during a 4-year period.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective study of 10 cases of CDH patients managed in the Neonatology and Pediatric Surgery Units of Goztepe Teaching Hospital from 2000 to 2004.

Results: The mean birth weight of the patients was 2,600 g and the mean gestational age was 37.

Comparison of two doses of breast milk and sucrose during neonatal heel prick.

Background: The aim of the present study was to test analgesic effects of double- versus single-dose breast milk and compare this effect with efficacy of double- versus single-dose sucrose in a group of healthy term newborns during heel prick blood sampling.

Methods: Healthy newborns (n= 142) were consecutively allocated to one of the six groups: group 1, single-dose breast milk; group 2, single-dose sterile water; group 3, single-dose 12.5% sucrose; group 4, two doses breast milk; group 5, two doses sterile water; and group 6, two doses 12.

Report of three cases: congenital chylothorax and treatment modalities.

Chylothorax is the most common cause of pleural effusion in the newborn. We report three patients with congenital chylothorax and discussed the clinical course and treatment options. Cases 1 and 2 with congenital chylothorax were treated by chest tube placement and total parenteral nutrition (TPN), and were fed a formula rich in medium-chain triglyceride.

Quantitative ultrasound and biochemical parameters for the assessment of osteopenia in preterm infants.

Objective: Our study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of quantitative ultrasound (QUS) evaluation in osteopenia of prematurity and to compare the results to biochemical parameters.

Methods: QUS assessment of bone was performed at the end of the first postnatal week and at term-corrected age (CA) in premature infants (N = 30) and within the first week in full-term infants (N = 25). On the same day of measurement of QUS, the serum calcium, phosphorus (inorganic), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were measured in the preterm infants.

Sweet solutions and pacifiers for pain relief in newborn infants.

In this study we aimed to assess and compare the analgesic effects of orally administered sucrose, dextrose, dextrose or sucrose followed by a pacifier, and sterile water during minor painful procedures in neonates. One hundred thirty-eight healthy term newborn infants were enrolled in this prospective study. They received either sweet solutions or sweet solutions followed by pacifiers before the heel prick (group 1, dextrose 12.