Amyloid-β deposition in basal frontotemporal cortex is associated with selective disruption of temporal mnemonic discrimination.

Cerebral amyloid-beta (Aβ) accumulation, a hallmark pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), precedes clinical impairment by two to three decades. However, it is unclear whether Aβ contributes to subtle memory deficits observed during the preclinical stage. The heterogenous emergence of Aβ deposition may selectively impact certain memory domains, which rely on distinct underlying neural circuits.

Amyloid-β deposition in basal frontotemporal cortex is associated with selective disruption of temporal mnemonic discrimination.

Cerebral amyloid-beta (Aβ) accumulation, a hallmark pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), precedes clinical impairment by two to three decades. However, it is unclear whether Aβ contributes to subtle memory deficits observed during the preclinical stage. The heterogenous emergence of Aβ deposition may selectively impact certain memory domains, which rely on distinct underlying neural circuits.

Phosphate solubilizing bacteria, , improve the growth and yield of groundnut ( L).

For agricultural safety and sustainability, instead of synthetic fertilizers the eco-friendly and inexpensive biological applications include members of plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) genera, spp. will be an excellent alternative option to bioinoculants as they do not threaten the soil biota. The effect of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) on groundnuts' growth and yield parameters was studied under field conditions.

CRISPR/Cas-Mediated Genome Engineering in Plants: Application and Prospectives.

Genetic engineering has become an essential element in developing climate-resilient crops and environmentally sustainable solutions to respond to the increasing need for global food security. Genome editing using CRISPR/Cas [Clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated protein (Cas)] technology is being applied to a variety of organisms, including plants. This technique has become popular because of its high specificity, effectiveness, and low production cost.

Arsenic transport, detoxification, and recent technologies for mitigation: A systemic review.

Arsenic (As) is an acute toxic metalloid that affects plant growth and development. As is found in the environment in organic and inorganic forms, but arsenite As(III) and arsenate As(V) are the most prevalent forms that negatively impact the plants. Roots exposed to As can easily absorb it mainly through transporters that carry vital mineral nutrients.

Proteome-wide analysis reveals G protein-coupled receptor-like proteins in rice ().

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest family of transmembrane proteins in metazoans that mediate the regulation of various physiological responses to discrete ligands through heterotrimeric G protein subunits. The existence of GPCRs in plant is contentious, but their comparable crucial role in various signaling pathways necessitates the identification of novel remote GPCR-like proteins that essentially interact with the plant G protein α subunit and facilitate the transduction of various stimuli. In this study, we identified three putative GPCR-like proteins (OsGPCRLPs) (LOC_Os06g09930.

Assessment of the risk of developing type 2 diabetes using the Indian diabetes risk score in an urban community in Chandigarh, India: A cross-sectional study.

Background: The urban poor is a group that is known to be vulnerable to the adoption of a more urbanized lifestyle that places them at a higher risk for diabetes. Identification of at-risk individuals using simple screening tools like the Indian diabetes risk score developed by Madras Diabetes Research Foundation (MDRF-IDRS) and appropriate lifestyle interventions could greatly help in preventing or postponing the onset of diabetes and thus reducing the burden of the disease on the community and the nation as a whole.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on individuals ≥30 years (n = 1533) of both genders in an urban colony of Chandigarh during a period of 1 year.

Transitions from child and adolescent to adult mental health services for eating disorders: an in-depth systematic review and development of a transition framework.

Background: Eating disorders (EDs) peak in mid-to-late adolescence and often persist into adulthood. Given their early onset and chronicity, many patients transition from child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) to adult mental health services (AMHS) for ongoing, speciality ED care. This transition typically occurs at 18 years of age, when important biological, psychosocial, and vocational changes take place.

An atypical heterotrimeric Gα and its interactome suggest an extra-large role in overcoming abiotic and biotic stress.

Canonical heterotrimeric G-proteins (G-proteins) are comprised of Gα, Gβ, and Gγ subunits. G-proteins regulate multiple crucial plant growth and development processes, incorporating environmental responses. Besides Gα, Gβ and Gγ, the discovery of atypical Gα subunits termed as extra-large G-proteins or extra-large GTP-binding proteins (XLGs) makes G-protein signaling unique in plants.

An emerging role of heterotrimeric G-proteins in nodulation and nitrogen sensing.

A comprehensive understanding of nitrogen signaling cascades involving heterotrimeric G-proteins and their putative receptors can assist in the production of nitrogen-efficient plants. Plants are immobile in nature, so they must endure abiotic stresses including nutrient stress. Plant development and agricultural productivity are frequently constrained by the restricted availability of nitrogen in the soil.

Phenotypic and microarray analysis reveals salinity stress-induced oxidative tolerance in transgenic rice expressing a DEAD-box RNA helicase, OsDB10.

Helicases are the motor proteins not only involved in the process of mRNA metabolism but also played a significant role in providing abiotic stresses tolerance. In this study, a DEAD-box RNA helicase OsDB10 was cloned and functionally characterized. The transcript levels of OsDB10 were increased both in shoot and root upon salt, heat, cold, and ABA application and was more prominent in shoot compared to root.

Identification and expression pattern of aluminium-responsive genes in roots of rice genotype with reference to Al-sensitivity.

Aluminium (Al) is the third most abundant element in the Earth's crust. Globally, acidic soil occupies 30-40% of ice-free land areas; Al toxicity is a major threat to crops. The first symptom of Al toxicity is the inhibition of root growth followed by poor root hair development, swollen root apices, necrosis of leaves and reduced yield.

OsRuvBL1a DNA helicase boost salinity and drought tolerance in transgenic indica rice raised by in planta transformation.

RuvBL, is a member of SF6 superfamily of helicases and is conserved among the various model systems. Recently, rice (Oryza sativa L.) homolog of RuvBL has been biochemically characterized for its ATPase and DNA helicase activities; however its involvement in stress has not been studied so far.

A DEAD box helicase Psp68 positively regulates salt stress responses in marker-free transgenic rice plants.

Helicases are the motor proteins not only involved in transcriptional and post-transcription process but also provide abiotic stress tolerance in many crops. The p68, belong to the SF2 (DEAD-box helicase) family proteins and overexpression of Psp68 providing enhanced tolerance to transgenic rice plants. In this study, salinity tolerant marker-free transgenic rice has been developed by overexpressing Psp68 gene and phenotypically characterized.

Regulation of ethylene metabolism in tomato under salinity stress involving linkages with important physiological signaling pathways.

The tomato is well-known for its anti-oxidative and anti-cancer properties, and with a wide range of health benefits is an important cash crop for human well-being. However, environmental stresses (especially abiotic) are having a deleterious effect on plant growth and productivity, including tomato. In this review, authors describe how salinity stress imposes risk consequences on growth and developmental processes of tomato through toxicity by ethylene (ET) and cyanide (HCN), and ionic, oxidative, and osmotic stresses.

Emerging role of small GTPases and their interactome in plants to combat abiotic and biotic stress.

Plants are frequently subjected to abiotic and biotic stress which causes major impediments in their growth and development. It is emerging that small guanosine triphosphatases (small GTPases), also known as monomeric GTP-binding proteins, assist plants in managing environmental stress. Small GTPases function as tightly regulated molecular switches that get activated with the aid of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) and deactivated by the subsequent hydrolysis of GTP to guanosine diphosphate (GDP).

Evaluation of displacements and stress changes in the maxillo-mandibular complex with fixed functional appliance skeletally anchored on mandible using miniplates: A finite element study.

Objectives: Fixed functional appliances (FFA) have been used for correction class II malocclusion but cause proclination of teeth. Recently, few studies have advocated the use of skeletal anchorage along with FFAs to prevent this side effect. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the stress distribution and displacements produced by miniplate anchored Forsus-fatigue resistant device on the maxilla, mandible, and the dentition in a Class II malocclusion patient by finite element analysis.

A Genotype-Independent, Simple, Effective and Efficient in Planta -Mediated Genetic Transformation Protocol.

Crop improvement under changing climatic conditions is required to feed the growing global population. The development of transgenic crops is an attractive and conceivably the most effective approach for crop improvement with desired traits in varying climatic situations. Here, we describe a simple, efficient and robust in planta -mediated genetic transformation method that can be used in most crops, including rice, wheat and cotton, and particularly in tissue culture recalcitrant crops, such as chickpea and pigeon pea.

Heterologous overexpression of PDH45 gene of pea provides tolerance against sheath blight disease and drought stress in rice.

Biotic and abiotic stress tolerant crops are required for sustainable agriculture as well as ensuring global food security. In a previous study, we have reported that heterologous overexpression of pea DNA helicase (PDH45), a DEAD-box family member protein, provides salinity stress tolerance in rice. The improved management of photosynthetic machinery and scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are associated with PDH45 mediated salinity stress tolerance.