Effectiveness and safety of a novel dexamethasone mouthwash formulation in managing stomatitis in cancer patients.

Objective: To present a new dexamethasone mouthwash formulation and  analyze its effectiveness and safety among patients receiving stomatitis-producing antineoplastic agents.

Method: Prospective observational study conducted in a university hospital between March 2017 and November 2019. Consecutive patients starting everolimus were enrolled.

Breast density, benign breast disease, and risk of breast cancer over time.

Objectives: Assessing the combined effect of mammographic density and benign breast disease is of utmost importance to design personalized screening strategies.

Methods: We analyzed individual-level data from 294,943 women aged 50-69 years with at least one mammographic screening participation in any of four areas of the Spanish Breast Cancer Screening Program from 1995 to 2015, and followed up until 2017. We used partly conditional Cox models to assess the association between benign breast disease, breast density, and the risk of breast cancer.

Increased Fracture Risk in Women Treated With Aromatase Inhibitors Versus Tamoxifen: Beneficial Effect of Bisphosphonates.

Aromatase inhibitors have been associated with accelerated bone loss and an increased risk of osteoporotic fractures. Currently, bisphosphonates are recommended to reduce fracture risk in these patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the fracture risk in breast cancer patients receiving aromatase inhibitors, compared to tamoxifen users, and to assess the effectiveness of oral bisphosphonates in reducing fracture risk.

High Numbers of Circulating CD57 NK Cells Associate with Resistance to HER2-Specific Therapeutic Antibodies in HER2 Primary Breast Cancer.

Natural killer (NK) cells can orchestrate effective antitumor immunity. The presence of tumor-infiltrating NK cells in diagnostic biopsies predicts pathologic complete response (pCR) to HER2-specific therapeutic antibodies in patients with primary breast cancer. Here, we analyzed whether diversity in circulating NK cells might influence tumor infiltration and HER2-specific therapeutic antibody efficacy.

Alkylphenolic compounds and risk of breast and prostate cancer in the MCC-Spain study.

Background: Alkylphenolic compounds are chemicals with endocrine disrupting properties that have been widely used in industry with important changes in their usage over time. Few epidemiologic studies have evaluated the effect of alkylphenolic compounds on human health.

Objectives: We investigated whether occupational exposure to alkylphenolic compounds is associated with breast and prostate cancer.

Vitamin D levels in Mediterranean breast cancer patients compared with those in healthy women.

Objectives: To evaluate the vitamin D status of postmenopausal women with early estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer and to compare it with that of healthy postmenopausal women from the same Mediterranean region.

Study Design And Outcome Measures: Data from 691 breast cancer (BC) patients in the B-ABLE cohort were analyzed after recent cancer intervention (recent-BC) or after a minimum of two years since this intervention (long-term-BC). Patients were also stratified by previous chemotherapy exposure (ChT+ and ChT-).

Bone health evaluation one year after aromatase inhibitors completion.

Introduction: Breast cancer patients treated with aromatase inhibitors (AIs) experience increased bone loss during their treatment. However, there is little information about bone mineral density (BMD) after completing AI-treatment. The present study aimed to assess BMD changes one year after AI-therapy completion.

Changes in metabolic risk, insulin resistance, leptin and adiponectin following a lifestyle intervention in overweight and obese breast cancer survivors.

Adiposity and physical activity are modifiable factors that could be important determinants of breast cancer (BC) prognosis through their effects on endogenous reproductive hormones, chronic inflammation and metabolic changes. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate whether offering lifestyle interventions to BC survivors could affect the levels of certain biomarkers involved in these mechanisms. We designed a pre-post intervention study offering diet and exercise sessions over 12 weeks to 42 overweight/obese BC survivors.

Cancer Genome Interpreter annotates the biological and clinical relevance of tumor alterations.

While tumor genome sequencing has become widely available in clinical and research settings, the interpretation of tumor somatic variants remains an important bottleneck. Here we present the Cancer Genome Interpreter, a versatile platform that automates the interpretation of newly sequenced cancer genomes, annotating the potential of alterations detected in tumors to act as drivers and their possible effect on treatment response. The results are organized in different levels of evidence according to current knowledge, which we envision can support a broad range of oncology use cases.

Interplay between Natural Killer Cells and Anti-HER2 Antibodies: Perspectives for Breast Cancer Immunotherapy.

Overexpression of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) defines a subgroup of breast tumors with aggressive behavior. The addition of HER2-targeted antibodies (i.e.

Defective Cyclin B1 Induction in Trastuzumab-emtansine (T-DM1) Acquired Resistance in HER2-positive Breast Cancer.

Trastuzumab-emtansine (T-DM1) is a standard treatment in advanced HER2-positive breast cancer. However, resistance inevitably occurs. We aimed to identify mechanisms of acquired T-DM1 resistance.

The Use of Antihypertensive Medication and the Risk of Breast Cancer in a Case-Control Study in a Spanish Population: The MCC-Spain Study.

Introduction: The evidence on the relationship between breast cancer and different types of antihypertensive drugs taken for at least 5 years is limited and inconsistent. Furthermore, the debate has recently been fueled again with new data reporting an increased risk of breast cancer among women with a long history of use of antihypertensive drugs compared with nonusers.

Methods: In this case-control study, we report the antihypertensive drugs-breast cancer relationship in 1,736 breast cancer cases and 1,895 healthy controls; results are reported stratifying by the women's characteristics (i.

Non-canonical NF-κB pathway activation predicts outcome in borderline oestrogen receptor positive breast carcinoma.

Background: NF-κB signalling appears deregulated in breast tumours. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the non-canonical NF-κB pathway, is activated in oestrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer, to identify any correlation between its activity and the clinico-pathological phenotype and to explore whether NF-κB2 and RelB subunits and/or any of their target genes might be used as a predictive marker.

Methods: Two independent cohorts of ER+ early breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant endocrine therapy were included in the study.

Total Effective Xenoestrogen Burden in Serum Samples and Risk for Breast Cancer in a Population-Based Multicase-Control Study in Spain.

Background: Most studies on endocrine-disrupting chemicals and breast cancer have focused on single compounds and have produced inconclusive findings.

Objectives: We assessed the combined estrogenic effects of mixtures of xenoestrogens in serum and their relationship to breast cancer risk.

Methods: A total of 186 incident pretreatment breast cancer cases and 196 frequency-matched controls were randomly sampled from a large population-based multicase-control study in Spain.

AI-related BMD variation in actual practice conditions: A prospective cohort study.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the progression of bone mineral density (BMD) during 3 years of aromatase inhibitors (AI) therapy in actual practice conditions. This prospective, clinical cohort study of Barcelona-Aromatase induced Bone Loss in Early breast cancer (B-ABLE) assessed BMD changes during 3 years of AI treatment in women with breast cancer. Patients with osteoporosis (T score < -2.

Perinatal and childhood factors and risk of breast cancer subtypes in adulthood.

Background: Accumulated exposure to hormones and growth factors during early life may influence the future risk of breast cancer (BC). This study examines the influence of childhood-related, socio-demographic and anthropometric variables on BC risk, overall and by specific pathologic subtypes.

Methods: This is a case-control study where 1539 histologically-confirmed BC cases (23-85 years) and 1621 population controls, frequency matched by age, were recruited in 10 Spanish provinces.

Skeletal adverse effects with aromatase inhibitors in early breast cancer: evidence to date and clinical guidance.

Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are routinely used in the adjuvant treatment of women with hormone receptor-positive early breast cancer. Patients who receive AIs have an increased risk of bone loss and arthralgia compared with those treated with tamoxifen. In addition to the effects of AIs, the population of women with early breast cancer has a high prevalence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) insufficiency.

Nab-Paclitaxel in Metastatic Breast Cancer: Defining the Best Patient Profile.

Around 40% of patients with breast cancer will present with a recurrence of the disease. Chemotherapy is recommended for patients with recurrent hormone-independent or hormone-refractory breast cancer and almost all patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) receive chemotherapy during their medical history. Nanoparticle albuminbound (nab)-paclitaxel is a solvent-free, 130-nanometer particle formulation of paclitaxel.

Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition enhances trastuzumab antitumour activity in HER2 overexpressing breast cancer.

Aim: Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have shown promising results in Breast Cancer (BRCA) deficient breast cancer, but not in molecularly unselected patient populations. Two lines of research in this field are needed: the identification of novel subsets of patients that could potentially benefit from PARP inhibitors and the discovery of suitable targeted therapies for combination strategies.

Methods: We tested PARP inhibition, alone or combined with the anti-HER2 antibody trastuzumab on HER2+ breast cancer.

An overview of randomized clinical trials in metastatic breast cancer: variables affecting regulatory drug approval.

The aim of this study was to analyse trial variables affecting drug approval in metastatic breast cancer (MBC). A literature search from 2000 to 2012 retrieved 66 phase III randomized controlled trials with reported primary endpoints in MBC and known outcomes in terms of approval. The influence of the primary endpoint, the line of therapy, crossover and the sample size was analysed.

Gene expression profiling in true interval breast cancer reveals overactivation of the mTOR signaling pathway.

Background: The development and progression of true interval breast cancers (tumors that truly appear after a negative screening mammogram) is known to be different from screen-detected cancers. However, the worse clinical behavior of true interval cancers is not fully understood from a biologic basis. We described the differential patterns of gene expression through microarray analysis in true interval and screen-detected cancers.

Deficiency in p53 is required for doxorubicin induced transcriptional activation of NF-кB target genes in human breast cancer.

NF-кB has been linked to doxorubicin resistance in breast cancer patients. NF-кB nuclear translocation and DNA binding in doxorubicin treated-breast cancer cells have been extensively examined; however its functional relevance at transcriptional level on NF-кB-dependent genes and the biological consequences are unclear. We studied NF-кB-dependent gene expression induced by doxorubicin in breast cancer cells and fresh human cancer specimens with different genetic backgrounds focusing on their p53 status.