Can gut microbiota explain acute diverticulitis occurrence in patients with symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease?

Why patients with symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (SUDD) may develop acute diverticulitis (AD) is still unknown. We analyzed the gut microbiota (GM) in two SUDD patients, one who did experience SUDD recurrence but not AD occurrence (case 1) and one who did experience AD occurrence during follow-up (case 2). The GM of these patients showed differences in terms of phyla (Firmicutes and Bacteroidota in case 1; Actinobacteriota and Proteobacteria in case 2) and subgenera ( and in case 1 and , , , , group, and in case 2).

The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of diverticular disease: where are we now?

Diverticular disease (DD) is widespread worldwide. The role of gut microbiota (GM) in DD is not entirely understood.  Here we discuss the significance of the current knowledge on GM in the different stages of DD and how crucial these acquisitions are for designing diagnostic and therapeutic trials in this field.

Long-Term Effectiveness and Safety of Ustekinumab in Crohn's Disease: Results from a Large Real-Life Cohort Study.

Ustekinumab (UST) is an interleukin-12/interleukin-23 receptor antagonist approved for the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD). Only limited real-life data on the long-term outcomes of CD patients treated with UST are available. This study assessed UST's long-term effectiveness and safety in a large population-based cohort of moderate to severe CD patients.

Gut microbiota in symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease stratifies by severity of abdominal pain.

Objective: Patients with symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (SUDD) may have a disrupted gut microbiota. However, current data are from small sample studies, and reported associations vary widely across studies. We aimed to profile the fecal microbiota in SUDD patients enrolled in primary care.

Switching rate from intravenous to subcutaneous vedolizumab in managing inflammatory bowel diseases is lower than expected.

Background: It is known that the subcutaneous (SC) route administration of biologic drugs has several potential benefits for patient and the healthcare system. Since few real-world data are available yet about the rate of transition from intravenous (IV) to SC Vedolizumab (VDZ) in the Italian population, we assessed this rate in a large cohort of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients under remission receiving IV VDZ as standard of care in a real-world setting.

Methods: Searching who was asked to switch from IV VDZ To SC VDZ, and assessing the rate of acceptance.

Impact of a Symbiotic Mixture on Moderate-to-severe Diverticular Disease of the Colon.

Background: Microbial imbalance is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of Diverticular Disease (DD).

Objective: We aimed to assess the efficacy of a symbiotic mixture (Prolactis GG Plus®) in the treatment of moderate to severe DD, scored according to the Diverticular Inflammation and Complication Assessment (DICA) classification.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted enrolling the following patients: at the first diagnosis of DD; in whom DD was diagnosed with colonoscopy and scored according to DICA classification; treated with Prolactis GG Plus® two times/daily for 2 consecutive months; in whom the severity of the abdominal pain was scored with a 10-points visual-analogue scale (VAS) at baseline and the end of follow-up; in whom fecal calprotectin (FC) was assessed at baseline and the end of follow-up as μg/g.

Hospital Admission, Medical, and Surgical Procedures for Acute Diverticulitis Are More Appropriate when Using a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Assistance Pathway: An Experience from a Referral Center.

Introduction: Our aim was to assess the impact of the Diagnostic and Therapeutic Assistance Pathway (PDTA) developed for acute diverticulitis (AD) on the management of patients with AD and referring to the emergency room (ER) in a referral center.

Methods: This retrospective study includes all patients diagnosed with AD and referring to the ER between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2022 (after approval of PDTA), compared to the same period of 2015-2019. Length of stay in ER, medical and surgical management, and length in hospital stay (in days) were also measured according to the type of disease (uncomplicated vs.

Immune cell profiles associated with human exposure to perfluorinated compounds (PFAS) suggest changes in natural killer, T helper, and T cytotoxic cell subpopulations.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) constitutes a group of highly persistent man-made substances. Recent evidence indicates that PFAS negatively impact the immune system. However, it remains unclear how different PFAS are associated with alterations in circulating leukocyte subpopulations.

Endoscopic appearance is not sufficient for a diagnosis of segmental colitis associated with diverticulosis.

Background: It has been recently shown that the prevalence of segmental colitis associated with diverticulosis (SCAD) is about 2% of all patients who have colonic diverticulosis. However, sometimes it can be overdiagnosed if only endoscopic criteria are applied. We have recognized endoscopic signs of SCAD (lesions of the interdiverticular mucosa with diverticular and rectal sparing) in patients with a variety of conditions other than SCAD.

Ustekinumab in the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Evolving Paradigms.

Inflammatory bowel diseases, comprising Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic, relapsing, and remitting immune-mediated inflammatory diseases affecting the gastrointestinal tract. Ustekinumab (UST) is a monoclonal antibody that blocks the p40 subunit of the anti-interleukin (IL) 12/23. Pivotal trials (CERTIFI and UNITI-IM for CD, UNIFI for UC) established the efficacy of UST for the induction and maintenance of remission in both CD and UC, with the most favorable results in naïve patients to biologics.

Thiol-functionalized cellulose for mercury polluted water remediation: Synthesis and study of the adsorption properties.

Mercury pollution poses a global health threat due to its high toxicity, especially in seafood where it accumulates through various pathways. Developing effective and affordable technologies for mercury removal from water is crucial. Adsorption stands out as a promising method, but creating low-cost materials with high selectivity and capacity for mercury adsorption is challenging.

Assessing the economic value of Posidonia oceanica (L.) at Tremiti Islands (Mediterranean Sea): An ecosystem condition-based approach.

In the context of limiting global warming, the seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) gained the centrality of several international climate change mitigation projects being the most effective carbon storage sink among Mediterranean seagrasses. To assess and monitor the change of environmental conditions and economic values of natural resources, the present study moves from the insights of the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting - Ecosystem Accounting to assess the economic value of the carbon sequestration and storage capacity of the Mediterranean-endemic seagrass P.

Ustekinumab safety and effectiveness in patients with ulcerative colitis: results from a large real-life study.

Background: Ustekinumab (UST) is an interleukin-12/interleukin-23 receptor antagonist recently approved for treating ulcerative colitis (UC) but with limited real-world data. Therefore, we evaluated the effectiveness and safety of UST in patients with UC in a real-world setting.

Research Design And Methods: This is a multicenter, retrospective, observational cohort study.

How we can improve the appropriateness of ambulatory gastrointestinal endoscopy: the lesson of the COVID-19 outbreak.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has significantly modified hospital and outpatient activities.

Aims: To assess the pandemic's impact on the appropriateness of outpatient gastrointestinal (G.I.

A comparison of different symptomatic reflux esophagitis treatments: A real-world study.

Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are currently the reference drugs for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), but symptoms often recur after their withdrawal. Moreover, whether prokinetics or barrier drugs used alongside PPIs are more effective remains under debate.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of different therapeutic approaches to GERD treatment.

MWCNTs Decorated with TiO as Highly Performing Filler in the Preparation of Nanocomposite Membranes for Scalable Photocatalytic Degradation of Bisphenol A in Water.

Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting compound with estrogenic behavior, is of great concern within the scientific community due to its high production levels and increasing concentration in various surface aquifers. While several materials exhibit excellent capacity for the photocatalytic degradation of BPA, their powdered nature and poor chemical stability render them unsuitable for practical application in large-scale water decontamination. In this study, a new class of nanocomposite membranes based on sulfonated polyethersulfone (sPES) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes decorated with TiO nanoparticles (MWCNTs-TiO) were investigated as efficient and scalable photocatalysts for the photodegradation of BPA in aqueous solutions.

Diverticular Inflammation and Complication Assessment classification, CODA score and fecal calprotectin in clinical assessment of patients with diverticular disease: A decision curve analysis.

Background And Aims: The Diverticular Inflammation and Complication Assessment (DICA) classification and the Combined Overview on Diverticular Assessment (CODA) were found to be effective in predicting the outcomes of Diverticular Disease (DD). We ascertain whether fecal calprotectin (FC) can further aid in improving risk stratification.

Methods: A three-year international, multicentre, prospective cohort study was conducted involving 43 Gastroenterology and Endoscopy centres.

Use of tofacitinib as first or second-line therapy is associated with better outcomes in patients with ulcerative colitis: data from a real-world study.

Background: Data regarding the real-world (RW) use of tofacitinib (TOF) in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) are limited. We aimed to investigate TOF's RW efficacy and safety in Italian UC patients.

Research Design And Methods: A retrospective assessment of clinical and endoscopic activity was performed according to the Mayo score.

PPIs and gastric cancer: any causal relationship?

Hydrochloric acid is crucial in gastric physiology. In 1978 cimetidine, the first H2 antagonist of histamine receptors on the gastric parietal cell was introduced into therapy, inducing acid. Lasting the years, several studies focused on the potential relationship between inducing hypo-achlorhydria and risk of developing gastric cancer.

Ulcerative Colitis After Complicated Diverticulitis.

It has been recently shown that inflammatory bowel disease may follow an episode of acute complicated diverticulitis. We report 3 cases of ulcerative colitis after acute complicated diverticulitis that required surgery. All cases occurred in elderly patients with moderate-to-severe disease and 1 individual who also received treatment with biologics.