WEIRD and non-consensual food deserts and swamps: A scoping review of operational definitions.

The aim of the present study was to critically analyze operational definitions of food deserts and food swamps included in empirical studies published in peer-reviewed journals. A scoping review was conducted following the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews. A search of the scientific literature was performed on August 2023 to identify empirical studies including operational definitions of food deserts and/or food swamps in three databases: Scopus, PubMed, and Scielo.

Serum cytokines in second trimester pregnancy and their relationship with spontaneous preterm births in the Ribeirão Preto and São Luiz cohorts.

Objective: To evaluate the association between second trimester plasma cytokine levels in asymptomatic pregnant women and preterm births (PTB) in an attempt to identify a possible predictor of preterm birth.

Methods: The study design was a nested case-control study including women with singleton a gestational age between 20-25(+ 6) weeks from two Brazilian cities. The patients were interviewed, Venous blood samples were collected.

The SYSTEMIC Project: A Pilot Study to Develop a Registry of Patients With an Ostomy for Predictive Modeling of Outcomes.

Background: Stomal and peristomal skin complications represent a significant burden on the physical and psychological well-being of patients.

Purpose: To develop a predictive tool for identifying the risk of complications in patients following ostomy surgery.

Methods: The oStomY regiSTry prEdictive ModelIng outCome (SYSTEMIC) project was developed to improve patient-oriented outcomes.

Perceived aggression towards nurses: study in two Italian health institutions.

Aims: The goal of the present study was to quantify the perceived aggression towards nurses working in two Italian health care institutions and to verify the hypothesis of an association between the characteristics of aggressors and the type of aggression.

Background: Violence and aggressiveness, particularly aimed at nurses, are a common, but inadequately investigated phenomenon in Italian health care institutions.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Is conservative treatment really effective for Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease? A critical review of the literature.

Introduction: The treatment of Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease (LCPD) is controversial and not well defined. This literature review aimed to assess the quality of the evidence available to support the effectiveness of conservative LCPD treatment advocated by orthopaedic surgeons and(or) paediatricians. A secondary aim was to see if conservative treatments really modify the natural history of LCPD.

Musculoskeletal manifestations in pediatric acute leukemia.

Background: In children, acute leukemia (AL) at presentation can mimic several orthopaedic pathologies, so that a variable delay of the correct diagnosis is often reported.

Methods: To define more clearly the clinical and radiological musculoskeletal manifestations of leukemia in children, 122 affected children referred from 1984 to 1999 to our Pediatric Onco-Hematologic Clinic were retrospectively reviewed. Average age at diagnosis was 6.

Triplane fracture of the proximal tibial epiphysis.

Our purpose is to report a very rare case of proximal tibia triplane fracture, focusing the particular pattern of fracture and the long-term follow-up result. The triplane fracture is an exceptional fracture that occurs in the 3 planes (coronal, sagittal and transverse) close to the end of the growth period. A 15-year-old boy was admitted to our Center for a left femoral diaphyseal fracture and an ipsilateral lateral proximal tibia triplane fracture following a road accident.

Polydactyly of the foot.

Fifty-six patients with 72 duplicated toes were analysed. Postaxial duplication accounted for 79%, and the most common anatomical pattern was duplication of the proximal phalanx with a wide metatarsal head. Forty-two patients with 55 duplications were clinically and radiographically evaluated at long-term follow-up (mean 22.

Sonographic assessment of clubfoot.

Purpose: This study was performed to develop a standardized methodology for the sonographic assessment of clubfoot at birth and at the end of both conservative treatment and surgical correction.

Methods: Forty-two congenital clubfeet and 42 normal feet were examined sonographically in the position of spontaneous alignment and during passive manual correction. Scans along 4 planes provided information relevant to the assessment: sagittal posterior, sagittal anterior, coronal lateral, and transverse.

Synovial involvement in hemangiomatosis.

Background: Angiodysplastic lesions of the extremities are very often of great interest for the orthopedist, involving not only bones with length discrepancy, but also joints with hemarthrosis and synovial hypertrophy.

Methods: We describe 4 patients with cutaneous hemangiomatosis in the lower limb and a concomitant knee arthropathy. Like in other arthropathies, the articular damage is rapidly invasive and leads to progressive damage in the joint if not adequately diagnosed and treated.

Prognostic value of Catterall and Herring classification in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: follow-up to skeletal maturity of 32 patients.

To compare the prognostic value of the Catterall and Herring classification, 32 patients, treated without surgery for unilateral Perthes diseases, were reviewed and classified at skeletal maturity according to Stulberg. The Catterall classification had no significant prognostic correlation with the final outcome. Only some head at-risk signs, such as lateral epiphyseal calcification and epiphyseal subluxation >4 mm, were prognostic.

[Analysis of a preventive health service].

This paper reports the experience and organization of an Occupational Health Service for health-care workers, in order to improve the effectiveness of the unit. The Authors describe the activities of the unit, its organization, and evaluate the amount of working time spent in the different activities.

Spinal involvement in Pyle's disease.

Background: Pyle's disease is a rare skeletal dysplasia involving the metaphyses of long bones. To date, spinal involvement has been only rarely described in the literature.

Objective: To show that spinal changes, which are an expression of the same growth defect of the long bones, are an important and constant sign of the disease in the families studied.

Gigantism of the foot: our experience in seven cases.

We report our experience in seven patients with congenital gigantism of the foot with the following diagnoses: neurofibromatosis (two), fibrolipomatosis (two), Proteus syndrome (two), and idiopathic localized gigantism (one). Our purpose is to introduce a new classification of foot gigantism, based on the concept of "neuroinduction." In our experience, intraoperative examination and subsequent histologic examination show consistently pathologic findings in the plantar nerve and its terminal branches in the foot affected by gigantism.

Comparison of technetium-99m-MDP, technetium-99m-WBC and technetium-99m-HIG in musculoskeletal inflammation.

Unlabelled: This study compared three radionuclide techniques in distinguishing musculoskeletal infection from noninfectious inflammation.

Methods: Thirty-five orthopedic patients with suspected musculoskeletal infection were examined using three radionuclide techniques in sequence: triphasic bone scintigraphy, 99mTc radioleukocytes (99mTc-WBC) scintigraphy and 99mTc human immunoglobulin (99mTc-Hig) scintigraphy. Two "early" and "late" acquisitions were performed, at 4-6 hr and 20-24 hr postinjection, respectively.

Supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children. A comparison between non-surgical treatment and minimum synthesis.

The authors propose a comparison between methods used to treat supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children. The study included: 33 patients treated at the Ist Orthopaedic Clinic in Padova by non-surgical reduction and thoracobrachial plaster, and 33 patients treated at the Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology at the Treviso Hospital by minimum synthesis and brachiometacarpal plaster. Mean follow-up was 7 years.

Voluntary hip dislocation in Down's syndrome: report of two cases.

Two cases of monolateral voluntary hip dislocation in Down's syndrome are reported. No surgical procedure was permitted by the family in either case, thus showing the natural evolution of the joint morphology. In the case observed a year after the onset of hip dislocation CT Scan already showed an initial smoothing of the posterior acetabular wall.

Prevalence of unsuspected myopathy in infants presenting for clubfoot surgery.

The objective of this study was an evaluation of the prevalence of myopathies in paediatric patients scheduled for orthopaedic surgery (clubfoot) performed under regional anaesthesia. Seventeen infants scheduled for lower limb orthopaedic surgery were studied to verify coexisting neuromuscular disorders with electromyography and muscle biopsy during surgery. All surgical procedures were performed under caudal block or spinal anaesthesia, associated with light general anaesthesia.

Spondylocostal dysplasia (Jarcho-Levin syndrome).

The authors report 3 cases of rare spondylocostal dysplasia (Jarcho-Levin syndrome) associated with multiple visceral anomalies (V.A.C.

Monoarticular juvenile chronic arthritis of the shoulder. Report of a case and review of the literature.

In 20% of the cases Juvenile Chronic Arthritis (JCA) has a monoarticular onset. Usually the inflammatory process spreads out to other joints with pauciarticular or polyarticular course. Very rarely the disease persists in one joint only and this is in about 70% of the cases, the knee.

Traumatic lesions of the triradiate cartilage.

Traumatic lesions of the triradiate cartilage (TC) are a rare occurrence and at a high risk for premature closure with consequent acetabular dysplasia and subdislocation of the femoral epiphysis. Based on their experience (5 cases: 2 type II and 3 type V according to the Salter-Harris classification system) and on the literature, the authors affirm that the most significant prognostic factors of this acetabular dysplasia are the age of the patient (under 10 years) and the type of lesion (Salter-Harris type V). After emphasizing how difficult it is to make a diagnosis (which is often made later on), the authors take into consideration some traumatic lesions of the pelvis and hip which by means of different mechanisms may influence the TC: fracture of the ilio- and ischio-pubic branches, fracture of the neck and detachment of the proximal epiphysis of the femur, traumatic dislocation of the hip.

Adriamycin in hyperthermic perfusion for advanced limb sarcomas.

From February 1989 to April 1991, 12 hyperthermic limb perfusions (HLP) with adriamycin (ADR) were performed in 12 patients with high grade soft tissue sarcomas (9 in the leg and 3 in the arm); two were at A.J.C.

[Ultrasonography in the study of lesions of the menisci and the collateral ligaments of the knee. Findings in 48 surgically treated patients].

The authors report the results of the study of 48/112 patients who underwent US examination of the knee for gonalgia. Meniscopathy or capsular-ligamentous lesions were clinically suspected. US results were compared with arthroscopic or athrotomic findings; the latter two methods were considered as the reference gold standard.