Placental weight, surface area, shape and thickness - Relations with maternal ethnicity and cardio-metabolic factors during pregnancy.

Introduction: A better understanding of the determinants of placental growth is needed. Our primary aim was to explore associations between maternal ethnic origin and cardio-metabolic factors during pregnancy, and placental weight, surface area, shape and thickness.

Methods: A multi-ethnic population-based cohort study of 474 pregnant women examined at mean 15 and 28 weeks' gestation.

Practical guidelines of the EOTTD for pathological and genetic diagnosis of hydatidiform moles.

Hydatidiform moles are rare and thus most pathologists and geneticists have little experience with their diagnosis. It is important to promptly and correctly identify hydatidiform moles given that they are premalignant disorders associated with a risk of persistent gestational trophoblastic disease and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. Improvement in diagnosis can be achieved with uniformization of diagnostic criteria and establishment of algorithms.

Double paternal uniparental isodisomy 7 and 15 presenting with Beckwith-Wiedemann spectrum features.

Here we describe for the first time double paternal uniparental isodisomy (iUPD) 7 and 15 in a baby boy with features in the Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome spectrum (BWSp) (placentomegaly, hyperinsulinism, enlarged viscera, hemangiomas, and earlobe creases) in addition to conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. His phenotype was also reminiscent of genome-wide paternal uniparental isodisomy. We discuss the most likely origin of the UPDs: a maternal double monosomy 7 and 15 rescued by duplication of the paternal chromosomes after fertilization.

Platelet alloimmunization is associated with low grade chronic histiocytic intervillositis - A new link to a rare placental lesion?

Introduction: Maternal alloimmunization against human platelet antigen (HPA)-1a has been implied to mediate both reduced birth weight and chronic placental inflammation. Fetal growth restriction is associated with different types of chronic inflammation in the placenta, mainly chronic histiocytic intervillositis and chronic villitis. The aim of this prospective study was to do a systematic examination of placentas from HPA-1a alloimmunized pregnancies, with focus on the histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis of variants of chronic inflammation.

Circulating angiogenic profiles and histo-morphological placental characteristics of uncomplicated post-date pregnancies.

Introduction: The objectives of this study were to describe the histo-morphology of post-date placentas in clinically uncomplicated pregnancies without adverse delivery outcomes and the association with maternal circulating pre-delivery Placental Growth Factor (PlGF) and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), as well as the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio.

Methods: Post-date placentas (gestational week ≥40, n = 87) were macroscopically and histo-morphologically assessed according to the international, standardized Amsterdam Workshop Consensus Group criteria. Inter-rater agreement was evaluated by percentage of agreement.

Decidua basalis and acute atherosis: Expression of atherosclerotic foam cell associated proteins.

Introduction: Uteroplacental acute atherosis is frequently observed in preeclampsia, and shares features with early atherosclerotic lesions, including artery wall foam cells. The lipid-associated proteins FABP4 (fatty acid binding protein 4), perilipin-2, and LOX-1 (lectin-like oxidized LDL-receptor 1) are involved in atherosclerotic foam cell formation. Increased levels of these proteins have been associated with preeclampsia systemically and in placental tissue.

Failure of physiological transformation and spiral artery atherosis: their roles in preeclampsia.

Physiological transformation with remodeling of the uteroplacental spiral arteries is key to a successful placentation and normal placental function. It is an intricate process that involves, but is not restricted to, complex interactions between maternal decidual immune cells and invasive trophoblasts in the uterine wall. In normal pregnancy, the smooth muscle cells of the arterial tunica media of uteroplacental spiral arteries are replaced by invading trophoblasts and fibrinoid, and the arterial diameter increases 5- to 10-fold.

Massive Perivillous Fibrin Deposition of an Enterovirus A-Infected Placenta Associated With Stillbirth: A Case Report.

Massive perivillous fibrin deposition (MFD) is a morphologically defined severe placental lesion associated with perinatal morbidity and mortality. The etiology is unknown, and recurrence risk in subsequent pregnancies is assumed to be high. In most cases, a pathologic immune reaction is supposed to be responsible for the lesion.

The structure and utility of the placental pathology report.

The placenta is one of the most exciting organs. It is dynamic; its morphology and function continuously develop and adjust over its brief life span. It mediates the physiology of two distinct yet highly interconnected individuals.

Re-view and view on maturation disorders in the placenta.

Until delivery, the placenta plays an important mediator role between mother and fetus. This unit is affected by peristatic conditions, such as acute or chronic maternal diseases, malnutrition, drugs, and others. But also genetic factors and fetal malformations due to embryonic developmental disorders may contribute to macroscopically visible changes and functional disorders of the placenta.

Breast carcinoma in pregnancy with spheroid-like placental metastases-a case report.

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies diagnosed in pregnancy. Although the tumor is often detected at an advanced stage, placental metastases are rare. Here, we describe the case of a woman with breast cancer recurrence during pregnancy and subsequent metastases.

Sampling and Definitions of Placental Lesions: Amsterdam Placental Workshop Group Consensus Statement.

Context: -The value of placental examination in investigations of adverse pregnancy outcomes may be compromised by sampling and definition differences between laboratories.

Objective: -To establish an agreed-upon protocol for sampling the placenta, and for diagnostic criteria for placental lesions. Recommendations would cover reporting placentas in tertiary centers as well as in community hospitals and district general hospitals, and are also relevant to the scientific research community.

[Autopsy of children, neonates, fetuses and embryos: Preparation, technique and report writing].

Information obtained from the autopsies of children, neonates, fetuses and embryos, may not only be useful to explain the loss experienced by the parents but also to estimate the risk of recurrence. The detection of diseases by an autopsy helps to reduce the risk as well as with the planning of the next pregnancy and the optimal care of mother and fetus. Although incidences are continually dropping, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) statistics each year at least 2.

Viral infection in placenta relevant cells--a morphological and immunohistochemical cell culture study.

Viral infections in pregnancy are known to cause fetal malformation, growth restriction, and even fetal death. Macroscopic placental examination usually shows slight and unspecific changes. Histology may show secondary, non-specific tissue reaction, i.

A survey of obstetricians' views on placental pathology reporting.

Objective: To determine the opinion of clinical obstetricians regarding interpretation of placental reports, including a recently proposed Norwegian classification system.

Methods: Paper and online surveys were circulated to practicing obstetricians in Ireland. Data on clinician experience, clinical workload, and exposure to placental pathology reporting were collated.

Classification of stillbirths and risk factors by cause of death--a case-control study.

Objective: To investigate risk factors for stillbirths by cause, using the Causes of Death and Associated Conditions (CODAC) classification system for perinatal deaths.

Design: Case-control study.

Setting: Two university hospitals in Oslo, Norway, January 1990 through December 2003.

A new, clinically oriented, unifying and simple placental classification system.

Objective: At present there is no internationally accepted, clinically easy understandable, comprehensive morphological placental classification. This hampers international benchmarking and comparisons, and clinical research.

Study Design: Internationally published criteria on morphological placental pathology were collected, standardized and focused into a comprehensive diagnosis category system.

Long-term followup with evaluation of the surgical and functional results of the ileal pouch reservoir in restorative proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis.

Aims. Evaluate the early and long term surgical and functional results of the ileal pouch-reservoir (IPAA) in patients with intractable ulcerative colitis. Material and Methods.

Long-Term Followup of Patients with Active J-Reservoirs after Restorative Proctocolectomy for Ulcerative Colitis with regard to Reservoir Function, Mucosal Changes, and Quality of Life.

Objective. Study the functional results and mucosal changes in the ileal pouch after restorative proctocolectomy with J-reservoir for ulcerative colitis. Material and Methods.

[Human histocompatibility HLA system. Considerations in the light of current concepts. VIII. Polymorphism of HLA-related MIC system].

The recent advances about a new distinct family of polymorphic genes MIC (PERB11) "mapped" in the region of the major histocompatibility complex of antigens MHC were presented. Some aspects connected with their molecular organisation, degree of polymorphism, expression, and immunogenetical function were discussed. Special attention sacrificed to results of investigations over existence of particular MICA allele association with some diseases.

[Histocompatibility HLA system of man. Considerations in the light of current concepts. VII. Nonclassical HLA- E, F, and H loci].

Current opinions connected with HLA-E and HLA-F genes determining "nonclassical" (HLA-Ib) class I antigens of the Main Histocompatibility Complex MHC, and formed in the consequence of mutation or partial deletion of HLA-H pseudogene loci were presented. The expression of protein products of HLA-E and -F genes on some cells and tissues, their polymorphism, and also their biological functions in organisms were qualified by the use of molecular technics. The kind and frequency of occurrence of mutations 845 A (C282Y) and 187 G (H63D) in gene HLA-H were analysed, and in this context some genetic aspects of hereditary hemochromatozy (HH) were discussed.