Developing a Smart Sensing Sock to Prevent Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Qualitative Focus Group and Interview Study.

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers are common and costly. Most cases are preventable, although few interventions exist to reliably support patients in performing self-care. Emerging technologies are showing promise in this domain, although patient and health care provider perspectives are rarely incorporated into digital intervention designs.

High-pressure polymorph of CoPO: phase transition to an olivine-related structure.

The monoclinic polymorph of CoPO (space group 2/), isomorphic to farringtonite (MgPO) type orthophosphates, was studied up to 21 GPa using synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction and density-functional theory simulations to investigate the influence of pressure in the crystal structure. This study revealed a pressure induced structural phase transition for monoclinic cobalt phosphate, CoPO, and the details of crystal structure of the new high-pressure polymorph were delineated. The evolution of XRD pattern with pressure indicate that the onset of a phase transition occurs around 2.

PbVO under compression: near zero-linear compressibility and pressure-induced change in vanadium coordination.

This study presents evidence that lead metavanadate, PbVO, is a material with zero-linear compressibility, which maintains its crystal size in one crystallographic direction even under external pressures of up to 20 GPa. The orthorhombic polymorph of PbVO (space group ) was studied up to 20 GPa using synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and density-functional theory simulations to investigate its structural and vibrational evolution under compression. Up to this pressure we find no evidence of any structural phase transitions by any diagnostic technique, however, a progressive transformation of the coordination polyhedron of vanadium atoms is revealed which results in the zero-linear compressibility.

Unfractionated heparin reverses aspirin inhibition of platelets during coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is an effective antithrombotic during surgery but has known adverse effects, in particular on platelets. A marked increase in platelet responsiveness has previously been observed in patients within minutes of receiving UFH, despite adequate inhibition by aspirin prior to heparin. We studied this phenomenon in patients undergoing cardiac artery bypass grafting (n = 17) to determine whether the effects of heparin were systemic or platelet-specific.

Electronic, Vibrational, and Structural Properties of the Natural Mineral Ferberite (FeWO): A High-Pressure Study.

This paper reports an experimental high-pressure study of natural mineral ferberite (FeWO) up to 20 GPa using diamond-anvil cells. First-principles calculations have been used to support and complement the results of the experimental techniques. X-ray diffraction patterns show that FeWO crystallizes in the wolframite structure at ambient pressure and is stable over a wide pressure range, as is the case for other wolframite AWO (A = Mg, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, or Cd) compounds.

An exploration of factors involved in the roll out of a digital application in breast services: A case study approach.

Introduction: Acceptance of new technologies in health care, by those who use them as part of their role, is challenging with confounding contextual factors surrounding the acceptance of technology. As healthcare is rapidly digitising, stakeholder groups should be included in each stage of evaluation and implementation to allow opportunities to influence and contribute to digital health policies. This research employed a case study methodology to initiate an exploration into the factors associated with implementing a digital application into a mammography service.

Development and Validation of a Flexible Sensing Array for Placement within the Physical Human-Exoskeleton Interface.

Monitoring the human-exoskeleton interface (HEI) is vital for user safety in assistive exoskeletons. Considering interaction forces during design can improve comfort and efficiency and reduce resistance and inertia. Challenges include covering the lower limb area without interfering with user-robot interaction.

Identification of herbarium specimen sheet components from high-resolution images using deep learning.

Advanced computer vision techniques hold the potential to mobilise vast quantities of biodiversity data by facilitating the rapid extraction of text- and trait-based data from herbarium specimen digital images, and to increase the efficiency and accuracy of downstream data capture during digitisation. This investigation developed an object detection model using YOLOv5 and digitised collection images from the University of Melbourne Herbarium (MELU). The MELU-trained 'sheet-component' model-trained on 3371 annotated images, validated on 1000 annotated images, run using 'large' model type, at 640 pixels, for 200 epochs-successfully identified most of the 11 component types of the digital specimen images, with an overall model precision measure of 0.

Metaphor-A workflow for streamlined assembly and binning of metagenomes.

Recent advances in bioinformatics and high-throughput sequencing have enabled the large-scale recovery of genomes from metagenomes. This has the potential to bring important insights as researchers can bypass cultivation and analyze genomes sourced directly from environmental samples. There are, however, technical challenges associated with this process, most notably the complexity of computational workflows required to process metagenomic data, which include dozens of bioinformatics software tools, each with their own set of customizable parameters that affect the final output of the workflow.

Pressure-Induced Phase Transition versus Amorphization in Hybrid Methylammonium Lead Bromide Perovskite.

The crystal structure of the CHNHPbBr perovskite has been investigated under high-pressure conditions by synchrotron-based powder X-ray diffraction. We found that after the previously reported phase transitions in CHNHPbBr (3̅→3̅→2), which occur below 2 GPa, there is a third transition to a crystalline phase at 4.6 GPa.

2D Cu(I)-I Coordination Polymer with Smart Optoelectronic Properties and Photocatalytic Activity as a Versatile Multifunctional Material.

This work presents two isostructural Cu(I)-I 2-fluoropyrazine (Fpyz) luminescent and semiconducting 2D coordination polymers (CPs). Hydrothermal synthesis allows the growth of -1 space group single crystals, whereas solvent-free synthesis produces polycrystals. Via recrystallization in acetonitrile, 2 space group single crystals are obtained.

Reassigning the Pressure-Induced Phase Transitions of Methylammonium Lead Bromide Perovskite.

The high-pressure crystal structure evolution of CHNHPbBr (MAPbBr) perovskite has been investigated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and synchrotron-based powder X-ray diffraction. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that the crystal structure of MAPbBr undergoes two phase transitions following the space-group sequence: 3̅ → 3̅ → 2, unveiling the occurrence of a nonpolar/polar transition (3̅ → 2). The transitions take place at around 0.

Phytest: quality control for phylogenetic analyses.

Motivation: The ability to automatically conduct quality control checks on phylogenetic analyses is becoming more important with the increase in genetic sequencing and the use of real-time pipelines e.g. in the SARS-CoV-2 era.

Mitigating the impact of air pollution on dementia and brain health: Setting the policy agenda.

Background: Emerging research suggests exposure to high levels of air pollution at critical points in the life-course is detrimental to brain health, including cognitive decline and dementia. Social determinants play a significant role, including socio-economic deprivation, environmental factors and heightened health and social inequalities. Policies have been proposed more generally, but their benefits for brain health have yet to be fully explored.

Characterization of the high-pressure and high-temperature phase diagram and equation of state of chromium.

The high-pressure and high-temperature phase diagram of chromium has been investigated both experimentally (in situ), using a laser-heated diamond-anvil cell technique coupled with synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction, and theoretically, using ab initio density-functional theory simulations. In the pressure-temperature range covered experimentally (up to 90 GPa and 4500 K, respectively) only the solid body-centred-cubic and liquid phases of chromium have been observed. Experiments and computer calculations give melting curves in agreement with each other that can both be described by the Simon-Glatzel equation [Formula: see text].

A bioavailable strontium (87Sr/86Sr) isoscape for Aotearoa New Zealand: Implications for food forensics and biosecurity.

As people, animals and materials are transported across increasingly large distances in a globalized world, threats to our biosecurity and food security are rising. Aotearoa New Zealand is an island nation with many endemic species, a strong local agricultural industry, and a need to protect these from pest threats, as well as the economy from fraudulent commodities. Mitigation of such threats is much more effective if their origins and pathways for entry are understood.

Pressure-Induced Phase Transition and Band Gap Decrease in Semiconducting β-CuVO.

The understanding of the interplay between crystal structure and electronic structure in semiconductor materials is of great importance due to their potential technological applications. Pressure is an ideal external control parameter to tune the crystal structures of semiconductor materials in order to investigate their emergent piezo-electrical and optical properties. Accordingly, we investigate here the high-pressure behavior of the semiconducting antiferromagnetic material β-CuVO, finding it undergoes a pressure-induced phase transition to γ-CuVO below 4000 atm.

Profiling oxylipins released from human platelets activated through the GPVI collagen receptor.

In addition to haemostasis, platelets are involved in pathological processes, often driven by material released upon activation. Interaction between collagen and glycoprotein VI (GPVI) is a primary platelet stimulus that liberates arachidonic acid and linoleic acid from membrane phospholipids. These are oxidised by cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) to eicosanoids and other oxylipins with various biological properties.

Reinforcing the supply chain of umifenovir and other antiviral drugs with retrosynthetic software.

The global disruption caused by the 2020 coronavirus pandemic stressed the supply chain of many products, including pharmaceuticals. Multiple drug repurposing studies for COVID-19 are now underway. If a winning therapeutic emerges, it is unlikely that the existing inventory of the medicine, or even the chemical raw materials needed to synthesize it, will be available in the quantities required.

Healthy, happy places-a more integrated approach to creating health and well-being through the built environment?

Introduction: This paper explores how the built environment impacts upon health and well-being and suggests that there are opportunities for more integrated working between professionals and citizens to create healthier, happier places.

Sources Of Data: Policy and practice guidance is presented from the urban planning and design fields. Evidence and data are presented from a range of disciplines on housing, green infrastructure and mental well-being.

Integrating Tumor Sequencing Into Clinical Practice for Patients With Mismatch Repair-Deficient Lynch Syndrome Spectrum Cancers.

Introduction: Uninformative germline genetic testing presents a challenge to clinical management for patients suspected to have Lynch syndrome, a cancer predisposition syndrome caused by germline variants in the mismatch repair (MMR) genes or EPCAM.

Methods: Among a consecutive series of MMR-deficient Lynch syndrome spectrum cancers identified through immunohistochemistry-based tumor screening, we investigated the clinical utility of tumor sequencing for the molecular diagnosis and management of suspected Lynch syndrome families. MLH1-deficient colorectal cancers were prescreened for BRAF V600E before referral for genetic counseling.

Simple New Method for the Preparation of La(IO) Nanoparticles.

We present a cost- and time-efficient method for the controlled preparation of single phase La(IO) nanoparticles via a simple soft-chemical route, which takes a matter of hours, thereby providing an alternative to the common hydrothermal method, which takes days. Nanoparticles of pure α-La(IO) and pure δ-La(IO) were synthesised via the new method depending on the source of iodate ions, thereby demonstrating the versatility of the synthesis route. The crystal structure, nanoparticle size-dispersal, and chemical composition were characterised via angle- and energy-dispersive powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.

Complete Connectomic Reconstruction of Olfactory Projection Neurons in the Fly Brain.

Nervous systems contain sensory neurons, local neurons, projection neurons, and motor neurons. To understand how these building blocks form whole circuits, we must distil these broad classes into neuronal cell types and describe their network connectivity. Using an electron micrograph dataset for an entire Drosophila melanogaster brain, we reconstruct the first complete inventory of olfactory projections connecting the antennal lobe, the insect analog of the mammalian olfactory bulb, to higher-order brain regions in an adult animal brain.