Interpretation of testicular biopsy for infertility: a practical guide.

Testicular biopsies are often performed in men with unexplained infertility and azoospermia to ascertain the status of spermatogenesis. Testicular pathology is one of the primary causes of male infertility. However, infrequent exposure among pathologists and a lack of uniform reporting terminology pose diagnostic challenges and variability in interpretation.

Using machine learning models to predict synchronous genitourinary cancers among gastrointestinal stromal tumor patients.

Objectives: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) can occur synchronously with other neoplasms, including the genitourinary (GU) system. Machine learning (ML) may be a valuable tool in predicting synchronous GU tumors in GIST patients, and thus improving prognosis. This study aims to evaluate the use of ML algorithms to predict synchronous GU tumors among GIST patients in a specialist research center in Saudi Arabia.

A study of the histopathology of collagen fleece (TachoSil) patching of tunica albuginea in the rat penis and a literature review of penile graft materials in experimental animals.

Background: A penile tunica defect may arise during surgery in patients with Peyronie's disease. Collagen fleece (TachoSil) has recently gained popularity in penile surgery to cover the tunica albuginea (TA) defect associated with clinical success. However, it is not known what the histological outcomes of these grafts are in the penis.

The association of genitourinary cancer among Saudi patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors and a systematic literature review.

The gastrointestinal tract's most commonly occurring primary mesenchymal tumor is the gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). However, few cases worldwide were reported associated with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Therefore, we aimed to identify the association of genitourinary tumors in patients with GIST in our tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia and compare it to the literature.

A Primary Urothelial Carcinoma Presenting as a Mid-Bulbar Urethral Stricture in a 30-Year-Old Male.

The bulbar urethra is the most common site of anterior urethral strictures. In this case report, we present a 30-year-old male who was referred to us as a case of mid-bulbar urethral stricture. Urethroplasty was booked and a papillary lesion was found on routine diagnostic cystoscopy.

Testicular fibroma: A case report and literature review.

Sex cord-stromal tumors are the second most common testicular tumors after germ cell tumors. They account for about 2%-5% of adult testicular tumors. Most of these tumors are benign.

AGREEing on clinical practice guidelines for idiopathic steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children.

Background: Nephrotic syndrome is the most common kidney disease in children worldwide. Our aim was to critically appraise the quality of recent Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) for idiopathic steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) in children in addition to summarize and compare their recommendations.

Methods: Systematic review of CPGs.

Urethral clear cell carcinoma - Case report and review of litrature.

Urethral clear cell carcinoma is very rare disease affecting both sexes, however it is mostly described in female urethra. The origin of this cancer is yet to be discovered. We report a 57 years old lady who presented to our clinic with obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms and found to have a urethral diverticulum containing a soft tissue lesion found to be a clear cell carcinoma after excision.

Renal Stromal Expression of Oestrogen and Progesterone Receptors in Chronic Pyelonephritis as Compared to Normal Kidneys.

Objective:  To determine and compare the distribution of oestrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PR) expression between normal kidneys and chronic pyelonephritis.

Study Design: Comparative-descriptive study.

Place And Duration Of Study: King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, and Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between January 2017 and December 2018.

The grasper-integrated disposable flexible cystoscope is comparable to the reusable, flexible cystoscope for the detection of bladder cancer.

Flexible cystoscopy under local anaesthesia is standard for the surveillance of bladder cancer. Frequently, several reusable cystoscopes fail to reprocess. With the new grasper incorporated single-use cystoscope for retrieval of ureteric stents, we explored the feasibility of using it off-label for diagnosis and the detection of bladder cancer.

Comment on: Renal histopathology spectrum in children with kidney diseases in Saudi Arabia.

[No Abstract Available].

Clinical significance of IgM deposition in pediatric minimal change disease.

Background: Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is a common pediatric disease. Minimal change disease (MCD) is the most common histopathological subtype and usually has good prognosis. However, in less common presentations, INS may have an unusual course that makes renal biopsy a necessity to identify its etiology.

Plasmacytoid acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate: a newly described variant of prostate cancer.

A plasmacytoid variant of prostatic adenocarcinoma has not been reported to the best of our knowledge. A 54-year-old male presented with recurrent attacks of acute urinary retention. Laboratory findings showed high creatinine and a serum prostate specific antigen of 50.

An unusual case report of pulmonary adenoid cystic carcinoma metastasis to the kidney. Case report and literature review.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a malignant neoplasm, frequently affecting the salivary glands, and rarely occurring in other locations. ACC is characterized by slow growth, perineural invasion, local and late recurrence after original treatment. However, renal metastasis of ACC is very rare.

Stand-alone renal SLICC criterion with full house glomerular deposits: is it enough for childhood lupus nephritis?

The objective of this study is to assess the usefulness of the stand-alone renal SLICC criterion in patients with childhood systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) and report their disease course, treatment response, and outcome. This study included children who were followed regularly in our lupus clinic with proved full house glomerular immune deposits nephritis and antinuclear (ANA), or anti-double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). They were compared with patients who diagnosed with cSLE with and without biopsy proven nephritis, based on Systemic Lupus International Collaborating (SLICC).

Operative outcomes of robotic partial nephrectomy. A report of the first 101 cases from a single center in Saudi Arabia.

To report robotic partial nephrectomy (RPN) outcomes from a single tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed consecutive cases of patients undergoing RPN at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Kingdom of  Saudi Arabia, between January 2008 and January 2018. The study reports patient's demographics, tumor characteristics, operative details, and perioperative outcomes, using descriptive statistics of median and range values.

Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma (PRCC): An Update.

Papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) is the second most common type of renal carcinoma following clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Papillary renal cell carcinoma is usually divided histologically into 2 types namely, type 1 and type 2. This classification, however, is unsatisfactory as many of papillary carcinoma are unclassifiable by the existing criteria.

Molecular and Metabolic Basis of Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a heterogenous group of tumors, >70% of which belong to the category of clear cell carcinoma. In recent years, crucial advances have been made in our understanding of the molecular and metabolic basis of clear cell carcinoma. This tumor manifests significant alterations in the cellular metabolism, so that the tumor cells preferentially induce the hypoxia response pathway using aerobic glycolysis, rather than the normal oxidative phosphorylation for energy.

Patterns of glomerulonephritis with crescents: Experience at a tertiary medical center in Saudi Arabia.

A series of 78 cases of glomerulonephritis (GN), in which renal biopsy revealed changes of GN associated with crescent formation, were reviewed. Renal pathology findings were correlated with clinical features including patient's age, renal function, and serologic findings. In most of the cases (71.

Pathophysiology of ANCA-associated Vasculitis.

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis is characterized as inflammation of small-sized to medium-sized blood vessels and encompasses several clinicopathologic entities including granulomatosis with polyangiitis, microscopic polyangiitis, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and renal-limited ANCA-associated vasculitis. Over the past several decades, significant progress has been made in understanding the pathophysiology of ANCA-associated vasculitis. Although neutrophils contain a multitude of granular proteins, clinically significant autoantibodies are only recognized against myeloperoxidase and proteinase 3, both of which are present in the azurophilic granules.