Metabolic reprogramming in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: insights from lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress and amino acid dysregulation.

Background: Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) stands out as a critical health issue due to its high mortality and morbidity rates. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the biochemical and metabolic alterations induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293) using an in vitro model.

Methods And Results: The study investigated the impact of LPS on HEK-293 cells by evaluating cytotoxicity using the MTT assay, analyzing apoptosis, cell cycle progression, and oxidative stress via flow cytometry, measuring TNF-α levels through ELISA, and assessing amino acid metabolism with LC-MS/MS.

The levels, single and multiple health risk assessment of 23 metals in enteral nutrition formulas.

Enteral nutrition formulas are products that provide macro and micronutrients to patients who cannot receive their nutrition orally. In this study, the levels of 23 metals known to have potential health risks were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in a total of 28 enteral nutrition formula. Metal exposure was calculated according to three different daily energy intake scenarios (Scenario 1 = 50% oral nutrition + 50% enteral nutrition formula, Scenario 2 = 25% oral nutrition + 75% enteral nutrition formula and Scenario 3 = 100% enteral nutrition formula) and evaluated in terms of non-carcinogenic health risks.

A propensity score-matched comparison of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with cisplatin-5FU and carboplatin-paclitaxel in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A Turkish oncology group study.

Background: Neoadjuvant treatment is the standard treatment in locally advanced ESCC. However, the optimal chemotherapy regimen is not known.

Method: This is a retrospective observational cohort study conducted with propensity score matching.

Cardiac safety of ribociclib evaluated with 24-hour rhythm Holter electrocardiogram.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate cardiac safety profile of ribociclib with 24-h rhythm Holter ECG.

Material And Method: Forty-two female metastatic breast cancer patients were included in the study. Rhythm Holter ECG was performed before starting treatment with ribociclib and after 3 months of the treatment initiation.

Assessment of cyclin D1 activity in tumors and tumor budding and its prognostic significance in tumor budding in colorectal carcinomas.

Background: The most important prognostic parameter is staging in colorectal cancers, and tumor budding (TB) is among the independent prognostic parameters that are increasing in significance. Cyclin D1 expression has been associated with poor prognosis as a marker of various tumors.

Aims And Objectives: In this study, the aim was to determine the activity of cyclin D1 in colon adenocarcinomas, tumors, and tumor buds and to compare the results with prognostic parameters.

Treatment outcomes and prognostic factors in patients with driver mutant non-small cell lung cancer and de novo brain metastases.

Central nervous system (CNS) metastases can be seen at a rate of 30% in advanced stages for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Growing evidence indicates the predictive roles of driver gene mutations in the development of brain metastases (BM) in recent years, meaning that oncogene-driven NSCLC have a high incidence of BM at diagnosis. Today, 3rd generation targeted drugs with high intracranial efficacy, which can cross the blood-brain barrier, have made a positive contribution to survival for these patients with an increased propensity to BM.

Prevalence and co-incidence of geriatric syndromes according to the ECOG performance status in older cancer patients.

Background: Geriatric syndromes may be more common in older cancer patients than in those without cancer. Geriatric syndromes can cause poor clinical outcomes. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG-PS) is often used as a clinically reported functional status score in oncology practice.

Bemarituzumab as first-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic gastric/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: final analysis of the randomized phase 2 FIGHT trial.

Background: We report the final results of the randomized phase 2 FIGHT trial that evaluated bemarituzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody selective for fibroblast growth factor receptor 2b (FGFR2b), plus mFOLFOX6 in patients with FGFR2b-positive (2 + /3 + membranous staining by immunohistochemistry), HER-2-negative gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC).

Methods: Patients received bemarituzumab (15 mg/kg) or placebo once every 2 weeks with an additional bemarituzumab (7.5 mg/kg) or placebo dose on cycle 1 day 8.

Promising outcome of patients with recurrent glioblastoma after Gamma Knife-based hypofractionated radiotherapy.

Background: The role of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) in recurrent glioblastoma remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of GKRS in a group of patients with recurrent glioblastoma, focusing on survival and safety.

Methods: Patients undergoing GKRS for recurrent glioblastoma between September 2014 and April 2019 were included in this study.

Comparison of the Analgesic Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Quadratus Lumborum Block and Ilioinguinal-Iliohypogastric Nerve Block in Paediatric Patients After Inguinal Hernia Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To compare the postoperative analgesic efficacy of quadratus lumborum block (QLB) and ilioinguinal-iliohypogastric nerve block (IIIHB) in paediatric patients who have undergone unilateral inguinal hernia surgery.

Methods: This prospective randomized controlled study was designed in a single center and included 60 paediatric patients aged 2-7 years who had undergone inguinal hernia repair surgery and received an American Society of Anesthesiologists score of 1-2. Patients were randomized into two groups: those receiving ultrasound-guided QLB and those receiving IIIHB.

Differentiation of lung and breast cancer brain metastases: Comparison of texture analysis and deep convolutional neural networks.

Purpose: Metastases are the most common neoplasm in the adult brain. In order to initiate the treatment, an extensive diagnostic workup is usually required. Radiomics is a discipline aimed at transforming visual data in radiological images into reliable diagnostic information.

The risk of malnutrition and its clinical implications in older patients with cancer.

Aim: Malnutrition is a common geriatric syndrome with multiple negative outcomes including mortality. However, there is a scarcity of literature that focuses on the relationship between malnutrition risk and its clinical implications on geriatric syndromes and mortality among cancer patients. The aim of this study is to determine the clinical importance of malnutrition risk in geriatric oncology practice.

Stem cell markers: A guide to neoadjuvant therapy in breast carcinomas.

Aim: This study aims to investigate potential associations between the stem cell population and the degree of tumor regression in breast carcinomas treated with neoadjuvant therapy.

Settings And Design: The study included 92 patients with breast carcinoma who received neoadjuvant therapy. Tumor regression was defined based on Miller and Payne grading system.

Zolbetuximab plus CAPOX in CLDN18.2-positive gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: the randomized, phase 3 GLOW trial.

There is an urgent need for first-line treatment options for patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, locally advanced unresectable or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction (mG/GEJ) adenocarcinoma. Claudin-18 isoform 2 (CLDN18.2) is expressed in normal gastric cells and maintained in malignant G/GEJ adenocarcinoma cells.

The correlation between skeletal muscle index and anxiety in patients with lung cancer on the first day of chemotherapy.

To evaluate the relationship between anxiety and skeletal muscle index (SMI) levels in lung cancer patients on the first day of chemotherapy. This cross-sectional study included 108 patients. We analyzed patient characteristics, SMI levels, pain status and predicted anxiety factors.

Antibacterial activity of silver doped hydroxyapatite toward multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii.

Bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii is a persistent issue in hospital-acquired infections due to its fast and potent development of multi-drug resistance. To address this urgent challenge, a novel biomaterial using silver (Ag) ions within the hydroxyapatite (HAp) lattice has been developed to prevent infections in orthopedic surgery and bone regeneration applications without relying on antibiotics. The aim of the study was to examine the antibacterial activity of mono-substituted HAp with Ag ions and a mixture of mono-substituted HAps with Sr, Zn, Mg, SeO and Ag ions against the A.

The effect of High-Dose Vitamin C Treatment for Acute Respiratory Failure Due to Coronavirus Disease Pneumonia on Mortality and Length of Intensive Care Stay: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: In our study, we aimed to determine the effect of vitamin C on short-term mortality and length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay in patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) followed up in the ICU.

Methods: The patients who received and those who did not receive the high-dose intravenous vitamin C protocol were assigned to the treatment and control groups, respectively. The primary study findings in both groups were length of ICU stay and short-term mortality, while the secondary findings were vasopressor and invasive mechanical ventilation requirements and change in sequential organ failure assessment score from the 0 to the 96th hour.

Local interventions for colorectal cancer metastases to liver and lung.

Background: Colorectal cancer is a common cause of cancer-related deaths. About 1/3 of all cases present with distant metastasis, with the liver as the leading site and the lung as the most common extra-abdominal site.

Aims: It was aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and the outcomes of colorectal cancer patients with liver or lung metastasis who had received local treatments.

Patient-reported outcomes with cemiplimab monotherapy for first-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer with PD-L1 of ≥50%: The EMPOWER-Lung 1 study.

Background: In the EMPOWER-Lung 1 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03088540), cemiplimab conferred longer survival than platinum-doublet chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) ≥50%. Patient-reported outcomes were evaluated among trial participants.

Bemarituzumab in patients with FGFR2b-selected gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (FIGHT): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 study.

Background: Outcomes are poor in patients with HER2-negative, advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinomas. In this study, we investigated efficacy and safety of the first-in-class, afucosylated, humanised IgG1 anti-fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 isoform IIb (FGFR2b) monoclonal antibody bemarituzumab with modified 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (mFOLFOX6) in patients with FGFR2b-selected gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.

Methods: In the randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial (FIGHT), patients aged 18 years and older with HER2 non-positive, FGFR2b-selected gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma, and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-1 were recruited from 144 clinical sites across 17 countries.

Breast Cancer Patients with Brain Metastases: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The prognosis of breast cancer patients with brain metastasis is poor. It was aimed to define the clinicopathological features of breast cancer patients with brain metastases and to determine the risk factors and survival outcomes associated with brain metastasis. This is a single-center, retrospective, cross-sectional study.

Comparison of different decision support software programs in perspective of potential drug-drug interactions in the oncology clinic.

Introduction: One of the most intriguing situations for healthcare providers is cancer therapy. Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) account for 20-30% of all adverse effects. Cancer patients are more likely to have potential-DDIs since they are taking other drugs with anticancer treatments to prevent the side effects of chemotherapeutic agents.

The effect of sarcopenia on erlotinib therapy in patients with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma.

Erlotinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been shown to improve the survival of patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non-small cell lung cancer. Sarcopenia is a status with increasing importance in lung cancer, and it may predict a poor prognosis. We aimed to evaluate the impact of sarcopenia on erlotinib therapy and prognosis in patients with EGFR-mutated (exon 19 or 21 L858R) metastatic lung adenocarcinoma.