Effect of oral premedication with gabapentin and trazodone combination on the MAC of isoflurane in dogs.

Objective: To determine the effect of the administration of oral gabapentin (20 mg/kg) and trazodone (8 mg/kg) on the MAC of isoflurane in dogs.

Methods: 6 adult dogs (3 castrated males and 3 spayed females), aged 13.3 ± 1.

Assessment of the effect of gabapentin on blood pressure in cats with and without chronic kidney disease.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of gabapentin on blood pressure (BP) in cats with and without chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: A randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled crossover study was performed. A total of 29 cats were included: 13 cats with stable CKD (IRIS stage 2-4) and 16 apparently healthy cats (serum creatinine <1.

Vincristine-induced adverse events related to body weight in dogs treated for lymphoma.

Background: Traditional dosing of chemotherapy drugs based on body surface area may overdose small dogs, leading to an increased frequency of adverse events (AEs).

Hypothesis/objectives: Evaluate the frequency of hematologic and gastrointestinal AEs in dogs with newly diagnosed lymphoma treated with vincristine weighing ≤15 kg in comparison to dogs weighing >15 kg. We hypothesized that dogs weighing ≤15 kg would experience a higher frequency of AEs.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intramuscular dexmedetomidine in dogs.

Objective: To determine the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dexmedetomidine after IM administration in dogs.

Animals: 6 healthy adult purpose-bred dogs (3 males, 3 females) with a mean ± SD body weight of 25.2 ± 1.

Risk of anesthesia-related complications in draft horses: a retrospective, single-center analysis.

Objective: To report anesthetic-related complications and determine risks associated with anesthesia in draft horses.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Animals: A total of 401 anesthetic records for draft horse breeds that underwent general anesthesia from January 2010 through December 2020 were reviewed; horses euthanized during general anesthesia were excluded.

Medication safety education: more than just a human concern?

The medication misuse epidemic continues to be a major concern for both human and veterinary health-care providers. Medication misuse of veterinary prescribed drugs is contributing to the public health crisis. Education of students regarding appropriate prescribing, communication with clients about medication storage, recognition of signs of vet shopping and animal abuse, and appropriate pain management strategies are essential steps for ensuring our students are prepared for the world that awaits them outside the halls of academic veterinary medicine.

Serum concentrations of gabapentin in cats with chronic kidney disease.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess serum concentrations of gabapentin in cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD) vs clinically healthy cats.

Methods: Five healthy cats were enrolled in a pharmacokinetic study. A single 20 mg/kg dose of gabapentin was administered orally and blood was obtained at 0, 0.

Effects of a four-week group class created for dogs at least eight years of age on the development and progression of signs of cognitive dysfunction syndrome.

Objective: To assess the effects of a 4-week group class specifically created for dogs ≥ 8 years old (senior dogs) on the development and progression of signs consistent with cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CDS).

Animals: 86 dogs with or without signs of CDS at the time of study enrollment.

Procedures: Dog owners completed a proprietary CDS survey at baseline and then 3, 6, and 12 months after completion of the baseline survey.

Evaluation of perfusion index as a noninvasive tool to determine epidural anesthesia effectiveness in dogs.

Objective: To evaluate perfusion index (PI) as a noninvasive tool to determine effectiveness and onset of epidural anesthesia in dogs.

Study Design: Prospective clinical trial.

Animals: A total of 21 adult dogs, aged 6.

Evaluation of intramuscular anesthetic protocols in healthy domestic horses.

Objective: To assess anesthetic induction, recovery quality and cardiopulmonary variables after intramuscular (IM) injection of three drug combinations for immobilization of horses.

Study Design: Randomized, blinded, three-way crossover prospective design.

Animals: A total of eight healthy adult horses weighing 470-575 kg.

Effects of perioperative saphenous and sciatic nerve blocks, lumbosacral epidural or morphine-lidocaine-ketamine infusion on postoperative pain and sedation in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy.

Objective: To compare the quality of postoperative analgesia and sedation after preoperative saphenous and sciatic nerve blockade, preoperative lumbosacral epidural injection and perioperative intravenous (IV) morphine, lidocaine and ketamine infusions in dogs undergoing stifle arthroscopy and tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) under general anesthesia.

Study Design: Prospective, blinded, randomized, clinical comparison study.

Animals: A total of 45 dogs weighing 33.

Short-term efficacy of epidural pain management in dogs undergoing cystoscopy.

Background: The effects of epidural anesthesia in dogs undergoing cystoscopy are unknown.

Objective: To investigate the effect of epidural analgesia on postcystoscopy pain in dogs.

Animals: Twenty-six dogs undergoing routine cystoscopy for lower urinary tract disease.

Anesthetic risk during subsequent anesthetic events in brachycephalic dogs that have undergone corrective airway surgery: 45 cases (2007-2019).

Objective: To determine whether previous corrective upper airway surgery in brachycephalic dogs would decrease perianesthetic complications in subsequent anesthetic events.

Animals: 45 client-owned dogs.

Procedures: Brachycephalic dogs undergoing any combination of staphylectomy, nasal alaplasty, or laryngeal sacculectomy that were anesthetized at a later date for additional surgical procedures or imaging from August 2, 2007, to February 8, 2019, had their medical records reviewed during both anesthetic events for signalment, American Society of Anesthesiologists status, perianesthetic drug administration, anesthetic duration, presence and total time of positive-pressure ventilation, procedure invasiveness, and perianesthetic complications such as bradycardia, hypothermia, hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias, hypertension, vomiting or regurgitation, dysphoria, respiratory distress, hypoxemia, reintubation, and prolonged periods of recovery.

Effectiveness of tapentadol hydrochloride for treatment of orthopedic pain in dogs: A pilot study.

This pilot study evaluated the short-term analgesic effect of oral tapentadol hydrochloride (tapentadol) in dogs with unilateral hind limb lameness secondary to naturally occurring cranial cruciate ligament rupture. Baseline data including pharmacodynamic parameters, sedation scores, lameness scores, and objective gait analyses were collected. Tapentadol was administered orally (30 mg/kg body weight).

Sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of intramuscular administration of alfaxalone and butorphanol combined with acepromazine, midazolam, or dexmedetomidine in dogs.

Objective: To evaluate the sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of IM administration of alfaxalone and butorphanol combined with acepromazine, midazolam, or dexmedetomidine in dogs.

Animals: 6 young healthy mixed-breed hounds.

Procedures: Dogs received each of 3 treatments (alfaxalone [2 mg/kg] and butorphanol [0.

Effect of oral administration of gabapentin on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in dogs.

Objective: To determine the effect of oral administration of gabapentin (20 mg/kg) on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane in dogs.

Animals: 6 healthy adult dogs (3 males and 3 females with a mean ± SD body weight of 24.8 ± 1.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic effects of oral transmucosal and intravenous administration of dexmedetomidine in dogs.

Objective: To determine pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the injectable formulation of dexmedetomidine administered via the oral transmucosal (OTM) route to healthy dogs.

Animals: 6 healthy dogs.

Procedures: Injectable dexmedetomidine was administered IV (5 μg/kg) or via the OTM route (20 μg/kg) in a blinded, single-observer, randomized crossover study.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of alfaxalone after a single intramuscular or intravascular injection in mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos).

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of alfaxalone was performed in mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) after single bolus injections of 10 mg/kg administered intramuscularly (IM; n = 10) or intravenously (IV; n = 10), in a randomized cross-over design with a washout period between doses. Mean (±SD) C following IM injection was 1.6 (±0.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intranasal and intravenous naloxone hydrochloride administration in healthy dogs.

Objective: To evaluate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of naloxone hydrochloride in dogs following intranasal (IN) and IV administration.

Animals: 6 healthy adult mixed-breed dogs.

Procedures: In a blinded crossover design involving 2 experimental periods separated by a washout period (minimum of 7 days), dogs were randomly assigned to receive naloxone IN (4 mg via a commercially available fixed-dose naloxone atomizer; mean ± SD dose, 0.

Effect of oral trazodone on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in dogs.

Objective: To determine the effect of oral trazodone on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane in dogs.

Study Design: Prospective blinded, single-observer, randomized crossover experimental study.

Animals: Six adult (age 6.

Risk of anesthesia-related complications in brachycephalic dogs.

OBJECTIVE To determine whether brachycephalic dogs were at greater risk of anesthesia-related complications than nonbrachycephalic dogs and identify other risk factors for such complications. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. ANIMALS 223 client-owned brachycephalic dogs undergoing general anesthesia for routine surgery or diagnostic imaging during 2012 and 223 nonbrachycephalic client-owned dogs matched by surgical procedure and other characteristics.

Total intravenous anesthesia using a midazolam-ketamine-xylazine infusion in horses: 46 cases (2011-2014).

This study evaluated use of midazolam, ketamine, and xylazine (MKX) for total intravenous (IV) anesthesia (TIVA) in horses. Medical records of 46 horses undergoing a clinical procedure using MKX for TIVA were reviewed. Age, breed, procedure, heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), pre-anesthetic drugs, induction drugs, and total volume of MKX were recorded.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics after oral administration of tapentadol hydrochloride in dogs.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of 3 doses of tapentadol hydrochloride orally administered in dogs. ANIMALS 6 healthy adult mixed-breed dogs. PROCEDURES In a prospective, randomized crossover study, dogs were assigned to receive each of 3 doses of tapentadol (10, 20, and 30 mg/kg, PO); there was a 1-week washout period between subsequent administrations.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of buprenorphine and sustained-release buprenorphine after administration to adult alpacas.

OBJECTIVE To determine pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of buprenorphine after IV and SC administration and of sustained-release (SR) buprenorphine after SC administration to adult alpacas. ANIMALS 6 alpacas. PROCEDURES Buprenorphine (0.