Analysis of Cumulative Fluid Balance Impact on the Stability of Gastrointestinal Tract Anastomosis.

Anastomotic leakage is a serious postoperative complication following a low anterior resection of rectum. Current research in colorectal surgery focuses on searching for techniques which could minimize the risk of leakage. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of cumulative fluid balance on microcirculatory changes at the anastomotic site.

Lung Collapse during Mini-Thoracotomy Reduces Penetration of Cefuroxime to the Tissue: Interstitial Microdialysis Study in Animal Models.

Single-lung ventilation facilitates surgical exposure during minimally invasive cardiac surgery. However, a deeper knowledge of antibiotic distribution within a collapsed lung is necessary for effective antibiotic prophylaxis of pneumonia. The pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) of cefuroxime were compared between the plasma and interstitial fluid (ISF) of collapsed and ventilated lungs in 10 anesthetized pigs, which were ventilated through a double-lumen endotracheal cannula.

Iron Oxide and Iron Sulfide Films Prepared for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells.

In this paper, the prospects of iron oxide films and their sulfidation for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) are reviewed. Iron oxide thin films were prepared by hollow cathode plasma jet (HCPJ) sputtering, with an admixture of oxygen in the argon working gas and with an iron nozzle as the sputtering target. The discharge was powered by a constant current source in continuous mode and by a constant voltage source in pulsed mode.

Inhalation of molecular hydrogen prevents ischemia-reperfusion liver damage during major liver resection.

Background: Liver resection is a surgical procedure associated with a high risk of hepatic failure that can be fatal. One of the key mechanisms involves ischemia-reperfusion damage. Building on the well-known positive effects of hydrogen at mitigating this damage, the goal of this work was to demonstrate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects of inhaled hydrogen in domestic pigs during major liver resection.

Effect of short-term administration of lipid emulsion on endothelial glycocalyx integrity in ICU patients - A microvascular and biochemical pilot study.

Background: Endothelial glycocalyx (EG) is a carbohydrate-rich vascular lining of the apical surface of endothelial cells. It has been proved to have an essential role in vascular homeostasis. Lipid emulsions as part of parenteral nutrition (PN) are widely used in patients in the setting of critical care and perioperative medicine.

Single-Center Experience with Minimally Invasive Mitral Operations through Right Minithoracotomy.

Background: To report single-institution experience with minimally invasive mitral valve operations through the right minithoracotomy over a 5-year period.

Methods: Patients who underwent minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) between January 2012 and December 2016 were included. Clinical follow-up data were collected in a prospective database and analyzed retrospectively.

The effect of three different surgical techniques for colon anastomosis on regional postoperative microperfusion: Laser Doppler Flowmetry study in pigs.

Background: The optimal surgical approach to reconnecting bowel ends safely after resection is of great importance.

Objectives: This project is focused on assessment of the perianastomotic microcirculation quality in the short postoperative period when using three different anastomosis techniques in experimental animal.

Methods: The experimental study involved 27 young female domestic pigs divided into three subgroups of 9 animals according to each surgical method of anastomosis construction in the sigmoid colon region: by manual suture, by stapler, or by gluing.

Surgical treatment of postinfarction ventricular septal defect: risk factors and outcome analysis.

Objectives: Postinfarction ventricular septal defect is a serious mechanical complication of acute myocardial infarction associated with high postoperative mortality. The aim of this study was to review our experience with surgical repair of postinfarction ventricular septal defect and to identify predictors of early and late outcomes.

Methods: Thirty-nine patients (19 men and 20 women, mean age 68.

Epidemiology of hospital-acquired pneumonia: Results of a Central European multicenter, prospective, observational study compared with data from the European region.

Background: Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is associated with high mortality. In Central Europe, there is a dearth of information on the prevalence and treatment of HAP. This project was aimed at collecting multicenter epidemiological data on patients with HAP in the Czech Republic and comparing them with supraregional data.

Effects of hypertonic saline and mannitol on cortical cerebral microcirculation in a rabbit craniotomy model.

Background: Hyperosmolar solutions have been used in neurosurgery to modify brain bulk and prevent neurological deterioration. The aim of this animal study was to compare the short-term effects of equivolemic, equiosmolar solutions of mannitol and hypertonic saline (HTS) on cerebral cortical microcirculation in a rabbit craniotomy model.

Methods: Rabbits (weight, 2.

[Minimally invasive video-assisted operations for heart disease].

Introduction: Minimally invasive surgical access for the treatment of mitral and tricuspid valves has become an alternative method to the conventional approach via median sternotomy. The aim of this paper is to evaluate our experience and results with minimally invasive approach in cardiac surgery at our institution.

Material And Methods: A total of 52 patients underwent minimally invasive cardiac surgery between November 2011 and March 2013.

Comparison of cold crystalloid and colloid infusions for induction of therapeutic hypothermia in a porcine model of cardiac arrest.

Introduction: Large-volume cold intravenous infusion of crystalloids has been used for induction of therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest. However, the effectiveness of cold colloids has not been evaluated. Therefore, we performed an experimental study to investigate the cooling effect of cold normal saline compared to colloid solution in a porcine model of ventricular fibrillation.

Recombinant activated factor VII administration after pulmonary embolectomy: case report.

Bleeding management in cardiac surgery could be a great challenge for the surgeon and a life-threatening moment for the patient. Despite the fact that recombinant activated factor VII is now widely accepted as a useful adjunct in the management of postcardiotomy coagulopathy, its use in the course of recent thromboembolic event is rarely described. We hereby present a case of rescue recombinant activated factor VII administration to manage a severe coagulation disorder during surgical pulmonary embolectomy performed under cardiopulmonary bypass.

Noninvasive assessment of the iridial microcirculation in rats using sidestream dark field imaging.

Sidestream dark field imaging represents a novel, noninvasive method to study the microcirculation in humans and animals. To-date, it has been used extensively in various peripheral tissues (e.g.

Differential effects of intravenous anesthetics on hepatosplanchnic microcirculation in rats: sidestream dark-field imaging study.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of intravenous anesthetics on hepatosplanchnic microcirculation in laparotomized mechanically ventilated rats using Sidestream Dark-field (SDF) imaging. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 6 each). All rats were initially anesthetized with 60 mg/kg pentobarbital (i.

Prolonged hypervolemic hemodilution decreases functional capillary density of ileal mucosa in pigs revealed by sidestream dark-field imaging.

Objective: Hemodilution changes the physical properties of blood by reducing its hematocrit and blood viscosity. We tested whether prolonged hypervolemic hemodilution (HHD) impairs functional capillary density (FCD) of ileal mucosa in healthy mechanically-ventilated pigs and if there is any correlation between changes in FCD of ileal and sublingual mucosas during HHD.

Methods: Sixteen domestic female pigs were anesthetized, mechanically-ventilated, and randomly assigned to the HHD (20 ml/(kg∙h) Hartmann's solution for 3 h) or fluid restrictive (5 ml/(kg∙h) Hartmann's solution for 3 h) group.

Preserved cerebral microcirculation in early stages of endotoxemia in mechanically-ventilated rabbits.

The purpose of our study was to evaluate changes of the cerebral microcirculation during the early stages of endotoxemia in mechanically-ventilated rabbits using Sidestream dark-field (SDF) imaging. Images were obtained using SDF imaging from the surface of the brain via craniotomy before and after rapid administration of a high dose of endotoxin or saline (control group). Although endotoxin shock was successfully induced, we have not found any significant alteration of the cerebral microcirculation during the shock.

Suture-free anastomosis of the colon. Experimental comparison of two cyanoacrylate adhesives.

Background: We explored the potential of two cyanoacrylate tissue adhesives for constructing colonic anastomoses.

Method: The study involved 12 female domestic pigs. The animals were divided into two equal groups.

In situ assessment of the brain microcirculation in mechanically-ventilated rabbits using sidestream dark-field (SDF) imaging.

Assessment of the cerebral microcirculation by on-line visualization has been impossible for a long time. Sidestream dark-field (SDF) imaging is a relatively new method allowing direct visualization of cerebral surface layer microcirculation using hand-held probe for direct contact with target tissue. The aim of this study was to elucidate the feasibility of studying the cerebral microcirculation in situ by SDF imaging and to assess the basic cerebral microcirculatory parameters in mechanically ventilated rabbits.

Anesthesia and the microcirculation.

There is increasing evidence that the microcirculation and its regulation are severely compromised during many pathological conditions, such as hemorrhage, sepsis, or trauma. The effects of anesthetic agents on macrohemodynamics were investigated intensively in the last several decades. Research regarding modern anesthetics and anesthesia techniques has increased knowledge regarding the nonanesthetic effects of anesthetic agents, including those on organ perfusion and the microcirculation.

In situ assessment of the liver microcirculation in mechanically ventilated rats using sidestream dark-field imaging.

Assessment of hepatic microcirculation by on-line visualization has been impossible for a long time. Sidestream dark-field (SDF) imaging is a relatively new method allowing direct visualization of both mucosal microcirculation and surface layers microcirculation of solid organs using hand-held probe for direct contact with target tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of studying the rat hepatic microcirculation in situ by SDF imaging.

Noninvasive in vivo assessment of the skeletal muscle and small intestine serous surface microcirculation in rat: sidestream dark-field (SDF) imaging.

The pathophysiology of microcirculation is intensively investigated to understand disease development at the microscopic level. Orthogonal polarization spectral (OPS) imaging and its successor sidestream dark-field (SDF) imaging are relatively new noninvasive optical techniques allowing direct visualization of microcirculation in both clinical and experimental studies. The goal of this experimental study was to describe basic microcirculatory parameters of skeletal muscle and ileal serous surface microcirculation in the rat using SDF imaging and to standardize the technical aspects of the protocol.

Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging.

The microcirculation plays a crucial role in the interaction between blood and tissues both in physiological and pathophysiological states. Despite its critical role in numerous diseases including diabetes, hypertension, sepsis or multiple organ failure, methods for direct visualization and quantitative assessment of human microcirculation at the bedside are limited. Orthogonal polarization spectral (OPS) imaging is a relatively new noninvasive method for assessment of human microcirculation without using fluorescent dyes.

Persistence of neoangiogenesis and cardiomyocyte divisions in right ventricular myocardium of rats born and raised in hypoxic conditions.

Effects of chronic hypoxia on capillary and myocyte growth were examined in rats born and raised in a low pressure chamber (equivalent of 3500 m a.s.l.