[Congenital lobar emphysema].

The paper reports on three cases of congenital lobular emphysema with warning respiratory manifestations as early as infancy. Starting from the clinical picture of respiratory distress, the diagnosis was established radiologically. The authors discuss the etiopathogenic aspects of the disease and its clinical-radiological manifestations, with the decisive role of the radiological exploration in diagnosis.

[Mediastinitis in children].

The paper reports on the etiopathogenetic aspects of mediastinitis, clinical and radiological semeiology, the latter with a decisive role in establishing the diagnosis. The priority character of therapy is emphasized. Three cases of mediastinitis in children are presented: a mediastinal abscess, a suppurated mediastinitis with favourable evolution after drainage and a mediastinitis secondary to a fistula on a postcaustic stenosed esophagus.

[Urinary infection in children--current developments in pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy].

The paper surveys the most recent findings in three fields of the urinary infections: --pathogenesis with emphasis on the role of bacterium, the host and the bacterium-phagocytic system; --bacteriological diagnosis and the establishment of the infection site: --treatment.

[Pneumomediastinum in newborn infants].

The paper reports on two cases of pneumomediastinum in the newborn child: a benign form with clinical picture and radiological scan of subcutaneous cervical emphysema; and a severe form of pneumocystosis complicated with suffocating pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax. The authors discuss the etiopathogenic aspects of pneumomediastinum in the newborn, the clinical and radiological semeiologies, the latter being of a high diagnosis importance. The therapeutic modalities are indicated in terms of the extent to which breathing is affected.

Rotavirus infection in gastroenteritis in children.

The electron microscopic investigation of biological materials (faeces, intestinal mucous biopsies) from 19 children and sucklings with clinically diagnosed acute gastroenteritis evidenced the presence of some rotavirus-like viral particles in 31 percent of cases. The age of hospitalized subjects varied between 4 months and three years. There have been identified viral particles in the cytoplasm of enterocytes of the intestinal villi and in suspensions of the fecal materials.

Importance of morpho-clinical correlations in the diagnosis of congestive cardiomyopathies.

A morphologic score was performed in 17 myocardial biopsy specimens proceeding from patients with congestive cardiomyopathies. The electron microscopic changes were estimated according to their frequency and severity. According to this score, the morphological findings were compared with the clinical data and some echographic indexes of the myocardial contractility.