The spacing effect: Improving electrocardiogram interpretation.

Background: Accurate electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation is critical for safe patient care, making this skill a necessary competency for medical school graduation. Improved long-term memory retention with repeated exposure to material is one of the most evidenced-based components of adult learning science. This curricular innovation aimed to determine if implementing spaced repetition and retrieval practice using ECG quizzes during the principal clinical year would improve ECG interpretation skills among medical students enrolled in a Longitudinal Integrated Clerkship (LIC).

Survival after bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome among bilateral lung transplant recipients.

Rationale: Despite the importance of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) in lung transplantation, little is known regarding the factors that influence survival after the onset of this condition, particularly among bilateral transplant recipients.

Objectives: To identify factors that influence survival after the onset of BOS among bilateral lung transplant recipients.

Methods: The effect of demographic or clinical factors, occurring before BOS, upon survival after the onset of BOS was studied in 95 bilateral lung transplant recipient using Cox proportional hazards models.

Cytomegalovirus pneumonitis is a risk for bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome in lung transplantation.

Rationale: Cytomegalovirus pneumonitis is one of the most prevalent opportunistic infections after lung transplantation. Early studies reported that cytomegalovirus pneumonitis was a risk factor for chronic allograft dysfunction. More recently, in the era of routine prophylaxis and ganciclovir treatment, the adverse impact of treated cytomegalovirus pneumonitis on bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome has been challenged.

Intrinsic negative cell cycle regulation provided by PIP box- and Cul4Cdt2-mediated destruction of E2f1 during S phase.

E2F transcription factors are key regulators of cell proliferation that are inhibited by pRb family tumor suppressors. pRb-independent modes of E2F inhibition have also been described, but their contribution to animal development and tumor suppression is unclear. Here, we show that S phase-specific destruction of Drosophila E2f1 provides a novel mechanism for cell cycle regulation.

Impression techniques for removable partial dentures.

This article concerns a subject that has been very perplexing to dentists attempting to provide superior removable prosthetic services. The techniques in this article have been developed, tried, and proven over 42 years of clinical practice. Adequate impressions for partial denture construction when crowns that have been fitted to the mouth are included as part of the master cast.

Denture aesthetics: the union of natural contour, color, and shape.

This article reviews a method for placement of full dentures in completely edentulous maxillary and mandibular arches. The selection of a maxillary central incisor is discussed along with the facial/tooth measurement, incisal papilla as a landmark in the maxilla, the midline, and the positioning of the remaining maxillary anterior teeth. The "S" position of the mandibular incisors, occlusion, and the verti-centric dimension are reviewed.

Dentures and partials or esthetic removable prosthetics.

In the past 50 years, advances in restorative dental procedures have made it possible for dentists to achieve better esthetic and functional results for their patients than ever before. Removable prosthodontics has been practiced in much the same way that is has been for many years. Since the introduction of root-form osseointegrated implants, there is a renewed interest in the edentulous and partially edentulous patient.

Regaining pleasure and success with complete denture services.

The techniques used by Earl Pound for denture construction are stated, and their application to contemporary denture construction and implant-based prosthodontics is discussed. Positioning the anterior teeth using the mandibular movements of speech, the use of lingualized occlusion, and the fabrication of diagnostic provisional removable complete dentures--all hallmarks of the Pound technique--are described. It is the author's experience that many patients are content with properly fabricated conventional dentures and do not require dental implants for retention, comfort, and stability of their prostheses.