Automatic segmentation of the cerebellum using volBrain software in normal paediatric population.

Background: Morphological differences that can lead to cerebellar volume changes are associated with the pathogenesis of paediatric diseases. The aim of this study was to examine cerebellum volume in a healthy paediatric population.

Materials And Methods: To provide MRI-based volumetric measurements of the cerebellum, images from the years 2019 to 2021 were scanned retrospectively.

Use of AgNOR staining to determine the effect of metoclopramide on neural tube development in early chick embryos.

Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy are common problems and prolonged pharmacological treatment often is needed; however, the teratogenic effects of anti-emetic drugs on neural tube (NT) development are not clear. We investigated the effects of different doses of metoclopramide on NT development in 48 and 72 h chick embryos using an argyrophilic nucleolar organizing region (AgNOR) staining method. We used 150 fertile, specific pathogen-free eggs incubated for 28 h, then randomly divided into five equal groups: group A, sham control was administered 0.

Optic nerve sheath diameter measurement: a means of detecting increased intracranial pressure in pseudotumor cerebri patients.

Background: Pseudotumor cerebri (PTC) occurs when the pressure inside the skull increases for no obvious reason. The aim of this study was to investigate three different methods: the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) method, ONSD/eyeball transverse diameter (ETD) index, and ONSD/orbital transverse diameter (OTD) index for the initial detection of elevated intracranial pressure in patients with PTC.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study of magnetic resonance data from adult PTC patients (n = 42) and control group (n = 40) was performed.

Does Foramen Magnum Morphometry Influence the Development of Chiari Malformation?

Aim: To examine foramen magnum morphometry and shape of Chiari malformation in comparison with a control group, and to contribute to the literature on whether Chiari malformation affects foramen magnum morphometry.

Material And Methods: In this study, cranial magnetic resonance images of 71 people with Chiari malformation and 61 people as controls were examined. The anteroposterior diameter, transverse diameter, and area of the foramen magnum were measured, and the shape of the foramen magnum was determined.

The effect of diclofenac sodium on neural tube development in the early stage of chick embryos.

Background: Neural tube defects are congenital malformations of the central nervous system. Genetic predisposition and some environmental factors play an important role in the development of neural tube defects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of diclofenac sodium on the neural tube development in a chick embryo model that corresponds to the first month of vertebral deve- lopment in mammals.

A comparative approach to computer aided design model of a dog femur.

Computer assisted technologies offer new opportunities in medical imaging and rapid prototyping in biomechanical engineering. Three dimensional (3D) modelling of soft tissues and bones are becoming more important. The accuracy of the analysis in modelling processes depends on the outline of the tissues derived from medical images.

Interleukin-18 Binding Protein Pretreatment Attenuates Kidney Injury Induced by Hepatic Ischemia Reperfusion.

Objective: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious condition that can be induced by liver transplantation, major hepatic resection or prolonged portal vein occlusion. AKI can increase the frequency of postoperative complications. In the current study, we aimed to investigate whether interleukin-18 binding protein (IL-18BP) pretreatment has a protective effect against possible kidney injury following liver ischemia-reperfusion (IR) achieved by Pringle maneuver in an experimental rat model.

The effect of enoxaparin on seroma and mesh-tissue adhesion in a hernia model.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether enoxaparin (ENX) administration would increase seroma risk and worsen mesh tissue recovery in an experimental rat hernia repair model. Fifty-six adult male Wistar-Albino rats were included in the study. Rats were equally and randomly separated into seven groups: Group 1, Control, only subcutaneous dissection was performed; group 2, Sham, Hernia defect was primary sutured; Group 3, Prolene mesh; Group 4, Dual mesh; Group 5, ENX + Sham; Group 6, ENX + Prolene mesh; Group 7, ENX + Dual mesh.

Three-Dimensional Volumetric Assessment of the Effect of Decompression on Large Mandibular Odontogenic Cystic Lesions.

Purpose: The primary approach to treating large cystic lesions is controversial. The aims of the present study were to assess the effects of decompression before enucleation for the treatment of large cystic lesions and to compare the rate of decrease of keratocystic odontogenic tumor, ameloblastoma, and dentigerous cyst at specific times (preoperatively and at 6 months).

Patients And Methods: The study included 40 patients (mean age, 31.

Assessment of Pineal Gland Volume and Calcification in Healthy Subjects: Is it Related to Aging?

Purpose: The human pineal gland is a small neuroendocrine organ which produces melatonin. The main goal of this study was to provide a reference range for pineal volume in all age groups and to determine calcified and noncalcified tissue and their proportions, which may be a reflection of melatonin production in all age groups, by using very thin computerized tomography (CT) slices.

Materials And Methods: A total of 167 outpatients had undergone cranial CT.

Adrenal gland volume assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Purpose: To determine adrenal gland volume (AGV) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) by comparison with healthy control subjects and to investigate the relationship between AGV and hormonal status.

Patients And Methods: AGV was measured on transverse sections of T1-weighted MRI imaging data in 27 PCOS patients and 40 age-matched control subjects for this prospectively designed study. A comparative analysis of AGV in PCOS and controls was performed and possible correlations between AGV and hormonal parameters were evaluated.

Protective Effect of Alpha Lipoic Acid on Rat Sciatic Nerve Ischemia Reperfusion Damage.

Background: Alpha lipoic acid is a potent antioxidant that plays numerous roles in human health. This study examined the effect of ALA on rat sciatic nerve ischemia reperfusion damage.

Aims: Protective effect of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) on sciatic nerve following ischemia-reperfusion in rats was investigated by using light microscopy and biochemical methods.

The effects of amlodipine and platelet rich plasma on bone healing in rats.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of calcium channel blocker (CCB) amlodipine (AML), platelet rich plasma (PRP), and a mixture of both materials on bone healing.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-six male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: group A, tibia defect model with no treatment; group B, tibia defect model treated with AML, 0.04 mg daily by oral gavage; group C, tibia defect model treated with local PRP; group D, tibia defect model treated with local PRP and AML, 0.

Alterations in pituitary gland volume in polycystic ovary syndrome: a structural magnetic resonance imaging study.

The purpose of this prospectively designed cross-sectional observational study was to evaluate the effect of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) on pituitary gland volume (PGV) under the hypothesis that endocrinologic changes may lead to morphologic changes of the pituitary gland. Twenty-six PCOS patients and 31 control subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pituitary. Informed consent was obtained from all subjects.

Evaluation of daily energy expenditure and health-related physical fitness parameters in patients with cholelithiasis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the daily energy expenditure; resting metabolic rate (RMR); health-related physical fitness parameters such as maximal aerobic capacity, muscle strength, and flexibility; pulmonary function tests (PFTs); and body composition and body fat distribution changes in patients with cholelithiasis, and to compare them with healthy controls.

Materials And Methods: Thirty female patients with cholelithiasis and 30 controls were included in this study. Daily physical activity was monitored using a metabolic Holter and the maximal aerobic capacity was estimated using the Astrand submaximal exercise protocol.

Absence of middle hepatic vein combined with retro-aortic left renal vein: a very rare case report.

The hepatic and renal veins drain into the inferior vena cava. The upper group of hepatic veins consists of three veins which extend to the posterior face of the liver to join the inferior cava. The left renal vein passes anterior to the aorta just below the origin of the superior mesenteric artery.