Photodynamic therapy for oral mucositis in cancer patients- a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in reducing the severity of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis, and associated symptoms in cancer patients compared to standard care or other interventions.

Materials And Methods: A comprehensive literature search identified seven relevant studies (randomized controlled trials and non-randomized clinical trials) published between January 1, 2000, and May 31, 2024. The data analysis was carried out using the standardized mean difference as the outcome measure.

Photodynamic therapy: An emerging therapeutic modality in dentistry.

Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a rapidly evolving, non-invasive treatment modality with considerable promise in dental pharmacotherapeutics. This review article comprehensively examines PDT, beginning with its principles and then delving into its diverse applications in dentistry, including periodontal disease, endodontics, oral cancer, dental implants, and dental caries. Each area presents the latest research and discusses the potential benefits and challenges.

Association between metabolic syndrome and salivary MMP-8, myeloperoxidase in periodontitis.

Objective: This study investigated the effect of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on periodontal clinical parameters and salivary biomarkers' matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in patients with periodontitis.

Methods: A total of 120 participants aged 25-55 were categorized into three groups: MetS with periodontitis (n = 40); systemically healthy with periodontitis (n = 40); and systemically and periodontally healthy controls (n = 40). Data collected included systemic parameters like waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), high- and low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides (TG), fasting blood sugar (FBS), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).

Oral Candida carriage and resistance against common antifungal agents in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients.

Purpose: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients receiving long-term and high-dose immunosuppressive medications suffer commonly from oral candida infections. This prospective cohort study examined oral fungal carriage in HSCT recipients and screened the susceptibility against commonly used antifungal agents. An increasing oral occurrence of Candida spp.

Dental caries and associated factors in 7-, 12- and 15-year-old schoolchildren in the canton of Basel-Landschaft, Switzerland: Changes in caries experience from 1992 to 2021.

Background: Epidemiological surveys in schoolchildren are used to assess the current status of oral health.

Aim: To investigate the changes in caries experience among schoolchildren in the canton of Basel-Landschaft, Switzerland, over a period of three decades. Secondary objectives were to evaluate the impact of various personal and demographic factors such as age group, place of residence or dental hygiene awareness on caries prevalence as well as the history of orthodontic treatment in the year 2021.

Stannous Source in Toothpastes Leads to Differences in Their Antimicrobial Efficacy.

Purpose: The aim of this in-vitro study was to investigate the antimicrobial efficacy of identical experimental toothpastes with different stannous sources.

Materials And Methods: Streptococcus mutans biofilms were grown on protein-coated glass disks in static conditions for 24 h and thereafter exposed to toothpaste slurries or physiological saline (negative control; n = 15) for 30 s. Four experimental toothpastes were applied in this study, containing either stannous chloride (SnCl2; B: 3500 ppm Sn2+, and D: 3600 ppm Sn2+) or stannous fluoride (SnF2; C: 3500 ppm Sn2+, and E: 3600 ppm Sn2+).

Biofilm formation on metal alloys and coatings, zirconia, and hydroxyapatite as implant materials in vivo.

Objectives: Composition of implant material and its surface structure is decisive for oral biofilm accumulation. This study investigated biofilm formation on eight different materials.

Materials And Methods: Eighteen healthy subjects wore intraoral splints fitted with two sets of eight materials for 24 h: zirconia [ZrO ]; silver-gold-palladium [AgAuPd]; titanium zirconium [TiZr]; Pagalinor [PA]; hydroxyapatite [HA]; silver-platinum [AgPt]; titanium aluminum niobium [TAN]; titanium grade4 [TiGr4].

Evaluation of antibacterial properties of fluoride-containing mouth rinses differing in their acidic compound using a Streptococcus mutans biofilm.

This in vitro study assessed the antibacterial effect on Streptococcus mutans biofilms of mouth rinses with 700 ppm F- (derived from NaF) that differed only in their acid compounds (malic (A), citric (B), tartaric (C), fumaric (D), hydrochloric (E), phosphoric (F), and lactic (G) acid) used to adjust pH. S. mutans (ATCC 25175) was grown for 22 h at 37°C, harvested, resuspended in simulated body fluid and biofilm formation followed for 24 h at 37°C.

Prevalence of and factors associated with molar-incisor hypomineralisation in schoolchildren in the canton of Basel-Landschaft, Switzerland.

Objectives: As prevalence of molar-incisor hypomineralisation varies considerably in different countries and regions, the aim of this study was to obtain representative epidemiological data for schoolchildren living in the canton of Basel-Landschaft, Switzerland.

Material And Methods: A representative population of schoolchildren of three different age groups, i.e.

Saliva profiling with differential scanning calorimetry: A feasibility study with ex vivo samples.

Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) has been used widely to study various biomarkers from blood, less is known about the protein profiles from saliva. The aim of the study was to investigate the use DSC in order to detect saliva thermal profiles and determine the most appropriate sampling procedure to collect and process saliva. Saliva was collected from 25 healthy young individuals and processed using different protocols based on centrifugation and filtering.

Bacterial extracellular polymeric substances as potential saliva substitute.

This proof-of-principle study aims to find commensal oral bacteria that can produce extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which have similar lubrication properties to saliva and could serve as saliva substitutes. Saliva and plaque samples were collected from 21 generally healthy individuals. Primary screening was done by conventional culturing and Gram-staining; all species selected for further analysis were identified by MALDI-TOF and deposited in DSMZ.

Efficacy of Experimental Mouth Rinses on Caries-Related Biofilms .

This study assessed the efficacy of tin and Polyethylenglycol (PEG-3) tallow aminopropylamine in different concentrations on biofilms to establish a new screening process for different antimicrobial agents and to gain more information on the antibacterial effects of these agents on cariogenic biofilms. Isothermal microcalorimetry (IMC) was used to determine differences in two growth parameters: lag time and growth rate; additionally, reduction in active biofilms was calculated. Experimental mouth rinses with 400 and 800 ppm tin derived from stannous fluoride (SnF) revealed results (43.

Awareness of vaccine-preventable diseases and self-reported immune status of Swiss dental healthcare workers.

Introduction: Dental healthcare workers are exposed to various infectious agents that may present an occupational risk. Although vaccinations rank among the most cost-effective health measures, vaccine hesitancy is present among healthcare workers.

Methods: A structured anonymous questionnaire was completed by 1111 dental healthcare workers - dentists, dental hygienists, prophylaxis assistants, dental assistants, dental technicians, and dental students.

Human leukocyte antigens are associated with salivary level of active MMP-8.

Objectives: This case control study examined the associations of HLA antigens and periodontitis with the salivary level of active MMP-8 (aMMP-8).

Materials And Methods: A total of 202 subjects, registered as Swiss bone marrow donors, participated in the study. HLA-A, -B, and -C types were determined by serology or PCR.

Caries status of first-born child is a predictor for caries experience in younger siblings.

Objectives: This study analysed if children of families in need of dental interventions can be identified by using the caries status of the first-born child as a predictor for caries in younger siblings of the same family.

Material And Methods: All children aged 4 to 15 years, i.e.

A Review of Methods to Determine Viability, Vitality, and Metabolic Rates in Microbiology.

Viability and metabolic assays are commonly used as proxies to assess the overall metabolism of microorganisms. The variety of these assays combined with little information provided by some assay kits or online protocols often leads to mistakes or poor interpretation of the results. In addition, the use of some of these assays is restricted to simple systems (mostly pure cultures), and care must be taken in their application to environmental samples.

Effect of divalent ions on cariogenic biofilm formation.

Background: Divalent cations are able to interact with exopolysaccharides (EPS) and thus are capable to modify the structure and composition of dental biofilm. At the moment, little is known about the adsorption of metals by cariogenic EPS; thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of divalent ions (calcium, magnesium, and zinc) on the growth and biofilm formation of mutans streptococci and on the dissolution of hydroxyapatite as well as to investigate their binding to the bacterial EPS.

Results: S.

Biofilm formation on metal alloys, zirconia and polyetherketoneketone as implant materials in vivo.

Objectives: This study investigated biofilm formation on discs of metal alloys, zirconia and polyetherketoneketone in vivo.

Material And Methods: Sixteen healthy volunteers conducted two runs of 24 hr each wearing an intraoral splint with 15 discs representing five different materials (gold-based [EL] and silver-based [PA] noble metal alloys; zirconia [ZR]; polyetherketoneketone [PEKK]; titanium zirconium alloy [TiZr]). Safranin staining assays and colony-forming unit (CFU) counts were conducted.

Tolerance and Persister Formation in Oral Streptococci.

The aim of this study was to analyze the potential influence of long-term exposure in subinhibitory concentrations of chlorhexidine on the emergence of tolerant and/or persistent cells in oral streptococci. The two oral streptococcal isolates ATCC25175 and ATCC33402 were incubated, after long-term subinhibitory exposure to chlorhexidine, in liquid growth media containing high concentrations of chlorhexidine. A distinct subpopulation of more chlorhexidine-tolerant cells could be detected in streptococci that had been previously exposed to subinhibitory concentrations of chlorhexidine but not in the control strains.

Recent Trends and Future Direction of Dental Research in the Digital Era.

The digital transformation in dental medicine, based on electronic health data information, is recognized as one of the major game-changers of the 21st century to tackle present and upcoming challenges in dental and oral healthcare. This opinion letter focuses on the estimated top five trends and innovations of this new digital era, with potential to decisively influence the direction of dental research: (1) rapid prototyping (RP), (2) augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR), (3) artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), (4) personalized (dental) medicine, and (5) tele-healthcare. Digital dentistry requires managing expectations pragmatically and ensuring transparency for all stakeholders: patients, healthcare providers, university and research institutions, the medtech industry, insurance, public media, and state policy.

Oral disorders in patients with newly diagnosed haematological diseases.

Objective: This study aimed to examine saliva flow rates and prevalence of dental and periodontal diseases of patients with newly diagnosed severe haematological diseases and compare these findings with age-matched controls of normal population.

Methods: A total of 149 patients diagnosed with haematological diseases aimed to be treated with haematological stem cell transplantation between 2008 and 2018 and 154 controls were included in the study. A dental examination was performed for patients within a maximum of 6 months after diagnosis.