Insights into Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction to Nitrogen on Metal Catalysts for Wastewater Treatment.

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NORR) to harmless nitrogen (N) presents a viable approach for purifying NO-contaminated wastewater, yet most current electrocatalysts predominantly produce ammonium/ammonia (NH/NH) due to challenges in facilitating N-N coupling. This study focuses on identifying metal catalysts that preferentially generate N and elucidating the mechanistic origins of their high selectivity. Our evaluation of 16 commercially available metals reveals that only Pb, Sn, and In demonstrated substantial N selectivity (79.

The impact of housework participation on prosocial behavior development among junior high school students in China.

This study examines the effect of housework participation on the development of prosocial behaviors among students in China. Using data from the China Education Panel Survey, a nationally representative survey of 8678 students at 221 classes in 28 counties, we employed two identification strategies (i.e.

Moderate grazing enhances ecosystem multifunctionality through leaf traits and taxonomic diversity in long-term fenced grasslands.

Grassland community diversity plays a vital role in maintaining the functionality of grassland ecosystems, influencing processes such as nutrient cycling and supporting ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF). Long-term fencing impacts biodiversity and nutrient dynamics, but its effects alongside grazing practices are not well understood. This study examined grazing intensity's effects on community structure, leaf traits, diversity, and ecosystem functions in a 38-year-fenced grassland, through a four-year grazing experiment.

A novel hypoxia-induced lncRNA, SZT2-AS1, boosts HCC progression by mediating HIF heterodimerization and histone trimethylation under a hypoxic microenvironment.

Hypoxic microenvironment plays a critical role in solid tumor growth, metastasis and angiogenesis. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), which are canonical transcription factors in response to hypoxia, are stabilized under hypoxia and coordinate the process of hypoxia-induced gene expression, leading to cancer progression. Increasing evidence has uncovered that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are closely associated with cancer, play crucial roles in hypoxia-mediated HCC progression, while the mechanisms are largely unknown.

Gut microbiota and Parkinson's disease.

Emerging evidence suggests that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder. The microbiota-gut-brain axis plays a crucial role in the development and progression of PD, and numerous studies have demonstrated the potential therapeutic benefits of modulations in the intestinal microbiota. This review provides insights into the characterization of the gut microbiota in patients with PD and highlights associations with clinical symptoms and underlying mechanisms.

The role and mechanism of NRG1/ErbB4 in inducing the differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells into cardiomyocytes.

Background: We aimed to investigate the effect and potential mechanism of enhancing Neuregulin1 (NRG1)/v-erb-b2 avian erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 4 (ErbB4) expression on the differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into cardiomyocytes.

Methods: We utilized CRISPR-CAS9 technology to knock in ErbB4 and obtained a single-cell clone IPSN-AAVS1-CMV-ErbB4 (iPSCs-ErbB4). Subsequently, we induced the differentiation of iPSCs into cardiomyocytes and quantified the number of beating embryoid bodies.

Comparison of blue laser and red light-emitting diode-mediated aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy for moderate and severe acne vulgaris: A prospective, split-face, nonrandomized controlled study.

Background: Acne is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a highly effective and safe drug-device combination treatment, typically using red and blue light. However, direct comparisons of aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-based PDT using these two light sources are lacking.

Health performance assessment modeling and its application to compact medical communities in China.

Some regions in China have already implemented capitation payment or capitation budget management for medical insurance funds. However, there remains a shortage of adequate tools and methodologies to accurately quantify differences in population health risks. Therefore, this paper constructs a health performance assessment model that comprises four steps.

[F]FDG PET/CT versus [F]FDG PET/MRI in the evaluation of liver metastasis in patients with primary cancer: A head-to-head comparative meta-analysis.

Purpose: This meta-analysis aimed to compare the diagnostic effectiveness of [F]FDG PET/CT with that of [F]FDG PET/MRI in terms of identifying liver metastasis in patients with primary cancer.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched, and studies evaluating the diagnostic efficacy of [F]FDG PET/CT and [F]FDG PET/MRI in patients with liver metastasis of primary cancer were included. We used a random effects model to analyze their sensitivity and specificity.

Thrombomodulin reduces α-synuclein generation and ameliorates neuropathology in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease.

The neurotoxic α-synuclein (α-syn) oligomers play an important role in the occurrence and development of Parkinson's disease (PD), but the factors affecting α-syn generation and neurotoxicity remain unclear. We here first found that thrombomodulin (TM) significantly decreased in the plasma of PD patients and brains of A53T α-syn mice, and the increased TM in primary neurons reduced α-syn generation by inhibiting transcription factor p-c-jun production through Erk1/2 signaling pathway. Moreover, TM decreased α-syn neurotoxicity by reducing the levels of oxidative stress and inhibiting PAR1-p53-Bax signaling pathway.

LPCAT1 promotes melanoma cell proliferation via Akt signaling.

Melanoma is the most lethal type of skin cancer with an increasing cutaneous cancer‑related mortality rate worldwide. Despite therapeutic advances in targeted therapy and immunotherapy, the overall survival of patients with melanoma remains unsatisfactory. Thus, a further understanding of the pathogenesis of melanoma may aid towards the development of therapeutic strategies.

Magnetic anchoring device assisted-laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy versus conventional laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Bariatric surgeries, including the sleeve gastrectomy, have been recognized as the most effectively treatment strategy for severe obesity. Magnetic devices have been successfully used in bariatric surgeries. Here, we intended to evaluate the safety and efficiency of magnetic anchoring device assisted-laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (MLSG), and to make a comparison of the short-term results between conventional laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (CLSG) and MLSG.

Gait impairment-related axonal degeneration in Parkinson's disease by neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging.

Microstructural alterations in the brain networks of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients are correlated with gait impairments. Evaluate microstructural alterations in the white matter (WM) fiber bundle tracts using neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) technique in PD versus healthy controls (HC). In this study, 24 PD patients and 29 HC were recruited.

Clinical effects and biological mechanisms of exercise on lumbar disc herniation.

Lumbar Disc Herniation (LDH) is a syndrome in which lumbar disc degeneration, rupture of the annulus fibrosus, and herniation of the nucleus pulposus irritate and compress the nerve roots and cauda equina, resulting in the main manifestations of lumbar pain and/or lower extremity pain. There is evidence in various clinical areas that exercise is effective in treating LDH, and exercise intervention for more than 2 weeks reduces disease activity in LDH. However, the mechanism of exercise's action in reducing disease activity in LDH is unclear.

Shikonin alleviates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity via Mst1/Nrf2 pathway in mice.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a popular and potent anticancer drug, but its cardiotoxicity limits its clinical application. Shikonin has a wide range of biological functions, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of shikonin on DOX-induced cardiac injury and to identify the underlying mechanisms.

Carbon dot nanozymes as free radicals scavengers for the management of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating the liver inflammatory network and inhibiting apoptosis.

Background: Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a pathophysiological process during liver transplantation, characterized by insufficient oxygen supply and subsequent restoration of blood flow leading to an overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which in turn activates the inflammatory response and leads to cellular damage. Therefore, reducing excess ROS production in the hepatic microenvironment would provide an effective way to mitigate oxidative stress injury and apoptosis during HIRI. Nanozymes with outstanding free radical scavenging activities have aroused great interest and enthusiasm in oxidative stress treatment.

The diagnosis and treatment of pediatric clinical myocarditis in China: a multicenter retrospective study.

Unlabelled: This study aims to examine the clinical characteristics and outcomes of clinical myocarditis in pediatric patients in China. This is a multicenter retrospective study. Children diagnosed with clinical myocarditis from 20 hospitals in China and admitted between January 1, 2015, and December 30, 2021, were enrolled.

Molecular characterization of Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes in wild Altai marmot (Marmota baibacina) in Xinjiang, China: host specificity and adaptation.

Enterocytozoon bieneusi is responsible for opportunistic infections leading to gastrointestinal diseases in humans and animals worldwide. A total of 334 fresh fecal samples were collected from wild Altai marmots (Marmota baibacina) in Xinjiang, China, and E. bieneusi was screened via PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the small submit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA).

Occurrence and genetic characteristics of Giardia duodenalis in donkeys in Xinjiang, China.

Giardia duodenalis is a common enteric parasite in humans and animals. To examine the occurrence and genetic characteristics of Giardia in donkeys in Xinjiang, China, 758 fecal samples from donkeys were collected, and Giardia was screened via PCR at the SSU rRNA gene. A total of 17.

Carbon dots with light-responsive oxidase-like activity for colorimetric detection of dopamine and the catalytic mechanism.

Dopamine is one of the most significant neurotransmitters and plays an important role in the management of cognitive functions such as learning, memory, and behavior. The disorder of dopamine is associated with many major mental diseases. It is necessary to develop selective methods for the detection of dopamine.

Mesenchymal stromal cell biotherapy for Parkinson's disease premotor symptoms.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with motor deficits due to nigrostriatal dopamine depletion and with the non-motor/premotor symptoms (NMS) such as anxiety, cognitive dysfunction, depression, hyposmia, and sleep disorders. NMS is presented in at least one-fifth of the patients with PD. With the histological information being investigated, stem cells are shown to provide neurotrophic supports and cellular replacement in the damaging brain areas under PD conditions.