leaf extract phytochemicals modified silver-ruthenium bimetallic zinc oxide nanocomposite biosynthesis: application on nanocoating photocatalytic disinfection.

Antibiotics are of great interest due to antibiotic-resistant problems around the globe due to bacterial resistance to conventional antibiotics. In this study, a novel green biosynthesis of silver-ruthenium bimetallic zinc oxide nanocomposite using leaf extract as a reducing agent using zinc nitrate hexahydrate, silver nitrate, and ruthenium(iii) chloride as capping agents was reported. The results demonstrated that the surface morphology of the prepared bimetallic nanocomposite by scanning electron microscopy was hexagonal in shape for zinc nanoparticle, rectangular in shape for silver nanoparticle, and tetragonal in shape for ruthenium nanoparticle, having an average surface size 25, 35, and 55 nm, respectively.

Effect of phosphorylated polyvinyl alcohol matrix size of cell entrapment on partial nitrification of ammonia in wastewater.

Partial nitrification is known as first and critical step for autotrophic nitrogen removal in high strength nitrogenous wastewater. Phosphorylated polyvinyl alcohol gel entrapment was used for suppressing oxygen to nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) in the gel matrix. The study investigated the effect of the size of gel matrix on partial nitrification.