Estimating the Proportion of Telehealth-Able United States Emergency Department Visits.

Study Objective: We use national emergency department (ED) data to identify the proportion of "telehealth-able" ED visits, defined as potentially conductible by Video Only or Video Plus (with limited outpatient testing).

Methods: We used ED visits by patients 4 years of age and older from the 2019 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and applied survey weighting for national representativeness. Two raters categorized patient-described Reasons for Visit (RFV) as telehealth-able (yes, no, uncertain) for both Video Only and Video Plus visits.

Early Cervical Cancer Diagnosis with SWIN-Transformer and Convolutional Neural Networks.

Early diagnosis of cervical cancer at the precancerous stage is critical for effective treatment and improved patient outcomes. This study aims to explore the use of SWIN Transformer and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) hybrid models combined with transfer learning to classify precancerous colposcopy images. Out of 913 images from 200 cases obtained from the Colposcopy Image Bank of the International Agency for Research on Cancer, 898 met quality standards and were classified as normal, precancerous, or cancerous based on colposcopy and histopathological findings.

Cervical Cancer Stages, Human Papillomavirus Integration, and Malignant Genetic Mutations: Integrative Analysis of Datasets from Four Different Cohorts.

Cervical cancer represents a significant global health concern, stemming from persistent infections with high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV). The understanding of cervical cancer's clinical correlates, risk factors, molecular mechanisms, stages, and associated genetic mutations is important for early detection and improved treatment strategies. Through integrated analysis of clinical and molecular datasets, this study aims to identify key factors that are overlapping and distinct across four cohorts of different races and regions.

Pediatric Patients Discharged After Transfer to a Pediatric Emergency Department: Opportunities for Telehealth?

Study Objective: Interemergency department pediatric transfers can be costly, involve risk, and may be disruptive to patients and families. Telehealth could be a way to safely reduce the number of transfers. We made an estimate of the proportion of transfers of pediatric patients to our emergency department (ED) that may have been avoidable using telehealth.

Rheumatic heart disease in pregnancy: strategies and lessons learnt implementing a population-based study in Australia.

Background: The global burden of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is two-to-four times higher in women, with a heightened risk in pregnancy. In Australia, RHD is found predominantly among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.

Methods: This paper reviews processes developed to identify pregnant Australian women with RHD during a 2-year population-based study using the Australasian Maternity Outcomes Surveillance System (AMOSS).

Low uptake of Aboriginal interpreters in healthcare: exploration of current use in Australia's Northern Territory.

Background: In Australia's Northern Territory, most Aboriginal people primarily speak an Aboriginal language. Poor communication between healthcare providers and Aboriginal people results in adverse outcomes including death. This study aimed to identify remediable barriers to utilisation of Aboriginal Interpreter services at the Northern Territory's tertiary hospital, which currently manages over 25,000 Aboriginal inpatients annually.

Rheumatic heart disease in pregnancy: How can health services adapt to the needs of Indigenous women? A qualitative study.

Objectives: To study rheumatic heart disease health literacy and its impact on pregnancy, and to identify how health services could more effectively meet the needs of pregnant women with rheumatic heart disease.

Materials And Methods: Researchers observed and interviewed a small number of Aboriginal women and their families during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum as they interacted with the health system. An Aboriginal Yarning method of relationship building over time, participant observations and interviews with Aboriginal women were used in the study.

Does a lack of physical activity explain the rheumatoid arthritis lipid profile?

Background: In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), cardiovascular risk is associated with paradoxical reductions in total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C). Concentrations of small LDL (LDL-P) and HDL (HDL-P) particles are also reduced with increased inflammation and disease activity in RA patients. Here we sought to identify which measure(s) of inflammation, disease activity and cardiometabolic risk contribute most to the RA-associated lipoprotein profile.

Molecular alterations in skeletal muscle in rheumatoid arthritis are related to disease activity, physical inactivity, and disability.

Background: To identify molecular alterations in skeletal muscle in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that may contribute to ongoing disability in RA.

Methods: Persons with seropositive or erosive RA (n = 51) and control subjects matched for age, gender, race, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity (n = 51) underwent assessment of disease activity, disability, pain, physical activity and thigh muscle biopsies. Muscle tissue was used for measurement of pro-inflammatory markers, transcriptomics, and comprehensive profiling of metabolic intermediates.

A novel inflammatory biomarker, GlycA, associates with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis and cardio-metabolic risk in BMI-matched controls.

Background: RA and CVD both have inflammation as part of the underlying biology. Our objective was to explore the relationships of GlycA, a measure of glycosylated acute phase proteins, with inflammation and cardiometabolic risk in RA, and explore whether these relationships were similar to those for persons without RA.

Methods: Plasma GlycA was determined for 50 individuals with mild-moderate RA disease activity and 39 controls matched for age, gender, and body mass index (BMI).

Adipose depots, not disease-related factors, account for skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity in established and treated rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: In prior reports, individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) exhibited increased insulin resistance. However, those studies were limited by either suboptimal assessment methods for insulin sensitivity or a failure to account for important determinants such as adiposity and lack of physical activity. Our objectives were to carefully assess, compare, and determine predictors of skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity in RA, accounting for adiposity and physical activity.

PCR-based detection of an emerging avian pneumovirus in US turkey flocks.

Avian pneumovirus (APV) or turkey rhinotracheitis virus (TRTV) is an important respiratory pathogen of domesticated poultry in many countries in Europe, Africa, and Asia. Until recently, the United States was considered free of APV. In late 1996, an atypical upper respiratory tract infection appeared in turkey flocks in Colorado and shortly thereafter in turkey flocks in Minnesota.