[Investigation of the Antibacterial Synergistic Activity of Fosfomycin-Teicoplanin Combination in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Various Clinical Sample].

The aim of this study was to investigate the detection of teicoplanin and fosfomycin antibiotic susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains by different methods and to evaluate the antibacterial synergistic effect of teicoplanin-fosfomycin combination by using checkerboard assay and time kill curve assay. Forty-five MRSA strains isolated from clinical samples in routine medical microbiology laboratory of Göztepe Prof. Dr.

HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HIV seroprevalence among blood donors in Southeastern Anatolia, Turkey, 2011-2015.

Transmission of infections through blood and blood product transfusion is a serious healthcare problem. There are insufficient up-to-date data about seroprevalence of HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HIV ½ among healthy blood donors in Turkey. We aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HIV ½ in Southeastern Anatolia, Turkey.

Absence of the mecC gene in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from various clinical samples: The first multi-centered study in Turkey.

Background: mecA is a predefined gene causing methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) isolates; however, it has been shown that some methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains do not carry this gene.

Seropositivity of Hepatitis A in Children Aged 7-14 Years in Diyarbakir Province Center.

BACKGROUND Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is a common morbidity in society, and mortality is more common in older ages. It is important to identify the prevalence in the population, the development of primary protection methods, and vaccination policies. This study aimed to identify anti-HAV seropositivity in children in 3 different schools in Diyarbakır, Turkey, to evaluate the risk factors influencing prevalence, and thus to develop strategies to prevent infection.

[Investigation of antibiotic resistance patterns and reduced vancomycin susceptibilities of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates: a multi-center study].

The aims of this study were to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of vancomycin, teicoplanin, daptomycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, linezolid, tigecycline, chloramphenicol, rifampicin, ofloxacin and tetracycline and to investigate the reduced vancomycin susceptibility among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains isolated in hospitals located in different geographical regions of Turkey. A total of 100 MRSA strains isolated from patients (of which 50% were from intensive care units) hospitalized in seven centers in Turkey [Istanbul (n= 15), Ankara (n= 15), Izmir (n= 15), Adana (n= 15), Diyarbakir (n=15), Erzincan (n= 15), Van (n= 10)], between August 2013 - August 2014, were included in the study. Fourty-three strains were isolated from blood, whereas 21 were from lower respiratory tract, 17 from wounds, eight from catheters, six from urine, four from nasal swab and one from cerebrospinal fluid samples.

Panton-Valentine leukocidin in community and hospital-acquired strains.

causes serious hospital-acquired (HA) and community-acquired (CA) infections. Skin and soft-tissue infections especially are sometimes caused by strains harbouring Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL). PVL belongs to a family of bi-component leukocidal toxins produced by staphylococci.

Effect of routine Hepatitis B vaccination program in Southeast of Turkey? Comparing of the results of HBV DNA in terms of age groups for the years 2002 and 2012.

Diyarbakir is the largest residential area in the Southeastern Anatolia of Turkey. Routine HBV vaccination has begun to be implemented by the Ministry of Health in Turkey in 1998. The purposes of this study were to detect the levels of HBV DNA in patients with HBV in 2012, and to compare the results of the year 2002 according to age groups.

[Evaluation of rapid genotype assay for the identification of gram-positive cocci from blood cultures and detection of mecA and van genes].

Rapid and accurate identification of bacterial pathogens grown in blood cultures of patients with sepsis is crucial for prompt initiation of appropriate therapy in order to decrease related morbidity and mortality rates. Although current automated blood culture systems led to a significant improvement in bacterial detection time, more rapid identification systems are still needed to optimise the establishment of treatment. Novel genotype technology which is developed for the rapid diagnosis of sepsis, is a molecular genetic assay based on DNA multiplex amplification with biotinylated primers followed by hybridization to membrane bound probes.

[Two diarrhea cases caused by Cyclospora cayetanensis].

Cyclospora cayetanensis is an intestinal protozoon that has emerged as an important cause of endemic or epidemic diarrheal disease in children and adults worldwide. Cases of cyclosporiasis have been frequently missed, since it is difficult to detect the parasite in fecal sample, despite an increasing amount of data regarding this parasite. In this case report two patients admitted to hospital with complaints of diarrhea and abdominal pain, were presented.

Adapted T cell interferon-gamma release assay for the diagnosis of pleural tuberculosis.

Background: Better and more rapid tests are needed for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE), given the known limitations of conventional diagnostic tests.

Objectives: To estimate diagnostic accuracy of the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) test (and its components) using data-derived cutoffs in pleural fluid.

Methods: The QFT-GIT test was performed on whole blood and pleural fluid from 43 patients with TPE and 29 control subjects (non-TPE).

[Investigation of anticardiolipin antibodies in chronic hepatitis B infection together with total anti-delta positivity].

Anticardiolipin antibodies (ACAs) are formed against phospholipids in various clinical conditions such as autoimmune diseases, malignancy, infectious diseases, alcohol-related and hepatic cirrhosis. The aims of this study were to investigate the presence of ACAs in patients with chronic hepatitis B together with positive total anti-delta antibodies, and to investigate the relationship between age, gender, and some laboratory parameters (ALT, AST, albumin, globulin, platelet number) of patients with chronic hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection, who were positive or negative for ACAs. A total of 60 patients (43 male, 17 female) with chronic hepatitis D infection [HBsAg positive, HBeAg negative, anti-HBe positive, anti-HBc IgG positive, anti-HBc IgM negative, total anti-delta positive, anti-HCV negative] and 30 patients (21 male, 9 female) without hepatitis D infection [HBsAg positive, HBeAg negative, anti-HBe positive, anti-HBc IgG positive, anti-HBc IgM negative, total anti-delta negative, anti-HCV negative] as control group were included to the study.

The prevalence of primary and secondary Helicobacter pylori resistance to clarithromycin and probable contributing cofactors: data from southeastern Anatolia.

Background/aims: Antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori is the most important reason for failure in its eradication. We aimed to determine the prevalence of primary and secondary H. pylori resistance to clarithromycin in isolated H.

Lamivudine for the prevention of hepatitis B virus reactivation in hepatitis-B surface antigen (HBSAG) seropositive cancer patients undergoing cytotoxic chemotherapy.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the major causes of chronic liver disease worldwide. Cancer patients who are chronic carriers of HBV have a higher hepatic complication rate while receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy (CT) and this has mainly been attributed to HBV reactivation. In this study, cancer patients who have solid and hematological malignancies with chronic HBV infection received the antiviral agent lamivudine prior and during CT compared with historical control group who did not receive lamivudine.

Risk factors for drug resistant tuberculosis in southeast Turkey.

We undertook a cross-sectional survey of 116 patients at Dicle Hospital, Turkey, who had with bacteriologically confirmed tuberculosis (TB). Demographic and clinical features, including age, gender, pulmonary TB history, associated diabetes mellitus, previous TB treatment, residential area and education, were collected from charts. Eighty-four of the strains were found to be susceptible to all drugs.

Evaluation of the skin flora after chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine preparation in neurosurgical practice.

Background: Currently, there are various antiseptics used for cleaning the skin before surgery, but there is no standard procedure in practice. Chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine are the most preferred compounds among antiseptics. Both are proved to be safe and effective for skin disinfection.

An experimental Staphylococcus aureus meningitis model for investigating induced leptomeningeal and subpial inflammation in rats: a transmission electron microscopy study.

Objective: To evaluate leptomeningeal and subpial inflammatory responses of experimental Staphylococcus aureus bacteriemia following intraperitoneal and intravenous applications and to compare the inflammatory reactions in different regions of central nervous system.

Material And Methods: Forty anesthetized rats were divided into four groups equal in number. The rats in group-I were given 1 ml suspension of Staphylococcus aureus intraperitoneally.

Microbiologic and histologic assessment of intentional bacterial contamination of bone grafts.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate methods of removing pathogenic micro-organisms from bone grafts that have been contaminated during surgery.

Materials And Methods: Femora were removed from Sprague-Dawley rats and were divided into sections and contaminated in solutions of the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. Contaminated bone specimens in each group were immersed in various solutions for specified periods so their antibacterial effects could be evaluated.

The use of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) methods for diagnosis of Giardia intestinalis.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of the direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) techniques reported to have high sensitivity and specificity and the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test used to determine antigens in stool samples in the routine diagnosis of Giardia intestinalis. When 44 stool samples in which G. intestinalis cysts and/or trophozoites had been seen during native Lugol examination were investigated, positivity detected with the trichrome staining method, monoclonal ELISA method and monoclonal DFA method was found to be 37 (84.

[Comparison of microscopy and EIA in the diagnosis of Giardia intestinalis in stool specimens.].

In this study; we compared the direct microscopic method and EIA test in the investigation of the stools of patients with gastrointestinal symptoms who presented at clinics. A total of 188 stool specimens collected from clinics were investigated by direct microscopy using native-Lugol preparations. Giardia cysts and/or trophozoites were observed in 141 specimens.

[Investigation of autoantibody, anti-HCV and anti-HIV seropositivities in "anti-HBc alone" positive samples].

"Anti-HBc alone" which is an unusual serologic pattern of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections, may be detected in the seropositive samples for hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections and in the presence of autoantibodies due to cross reactions. In this study, 20 serum samples with isolated antibody to hepatitis B core antigen, which were detected in May 2005, have been investigated by means of the presence of some autoantibodies (anti-nuclear antibody; ANA and rheumatoid factor; RF), anti-HCV and anti-HIV, in the Central Laboratory of Dicle University Medical School. All of the "anti-HBc alone" samples were negative for HBV-DNA by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and liver enzyme (ALT and AST) levels were normal except for three patients.

[Short communication: evaluation of the correlation between hepatitis D virus (HDV) RNA positivity and HDV antibodies].

The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation between serum hepatitis D -delta- virus (HDV) RNA detection and anti-HDV IgG and IgM antibodies, in the serodiagnosis of delta hepatitis. A total of 153 HBsAg positive sera were screened for the presence of anti-HBc IgM, anti-HDV IgG and anti-HDV IgM by commercial enzyme immunoassays and HDV-RNA by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Of 153 sera, 86 (56.

Prevalence of hepatitis B infection in the southeastern region of Turkey: comparison of risk factors for HBV infection in rural and urban areas.

Although hepatitis B has been well studied, there are still aspects of its epidemiology that remain to be clarified. There are many regions with high seroprevalence, particularly in the developing regions of the world, and these regions are known to have different epidemiologic patterns. Nonetheless, there are currently no data on the differences in hepatitis B seroprevalence between urban and rural areas of Turkey.

Prevalence of Hepatitis C in adults in the south-eastern region of Anatolia: a community-based study.

Aim: There is a limited number of studies on the general population about prevalence of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Turkey. The estimated prevalence of HCV in the Southeastern region of the country was obtained from the data of the blood donors. There is no study reflecting the general population of this region, leading us to plan this study.