An innovative CRISPR/Cas9 mouse model of human isolated microtia indicates the potential contribution of CNVs near HMX1 gene.

Background: Microtia is a prevalent congenital malformation, the precise etiology and pathogenesis of which remain elusive. Mutations in the non-coding region of the HMX1 gene have been implicated in isolated cases of microtia, emerging as a significant focus of contemporary research. Several pathogenic copy number variations (CNVs) proximal to the HMX1 gene have been documented in wild animal populations, whereas only a single large segmental duplication in this region has been identified in humans.

Rare Combination of Congenital Microtia and Limb Malformations: Analysis of Etiology and Treatment.

Abstract: Congenital microtia is the second most common congenital craniofacial deformity, and limb malformation is the most common birth defect. The combination of the 2 deformities is rare. In this study, the authors present 3 cases with a rare combination of congenital microtia and limb malformations and analyze the etiology and treatment of the malformations.

Study on the Incidence of Congenital Genitourinary System Malformations in Congenital Microtia Patients.

Objective: Study the incidence of genitourinary malformations combined with microtia, find the regularity of the disease, and analyze the correlation between them.

Methods: There is a total of 3143 microtia patients from January 2015 to December 2019 in Plastic Surgery Hospital. We examined their renal ultrasound, counted cases with genitourinary system deformities, and calculated the incidence of the disease.

Splicing of Helix Framework in Modified Nagata Method Stage I for Auricle Reconstruction in Patients With Insufficient 8th Rib Cartilage.

Background: The 8th rib cartilage was sometimes insufficient to construct a complete external helix in ear reconstruction for microtia. The aim of this study was to investigate the splicing technique of 8th rib cartilage in modified Nagata method stage I.

Methods: Between September 2022 and May 2023, 231 consecutive patients with microtia underwent auricular reconstruction with modified Nagata method stage I.

Preoperative CT Measurements and Computer-assisted Design in Auricular Reconstruction for Microtia.

Objective: To evaluate the utility of 3-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT) reconstruction in rib cartilages harvest and auricular reconstruction.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of 105 patients with microtia who underwent auricular reconstruction in our department, including 53 controls. All patients underwent chest CT scans and 52 patients in the CT group underwent rib cartilage reconstruction simultaneously.

The Application of Blood Products in Plastic Surgery: A Systematic Review.

Background: Due to their minimal trauma and relative safety, blood products are becoming increasingly popular in medical aesthetics. In recent years, research on the application of blood products has also been increased. This article will summarize the research progress of emerging blood products in plastic surgery in recent years.

Single-stage Auricular Reconstruction in Hemifacial Microsomia With Low Hairline by Using Temporoparietal Fascia Flap.

Background: Auricular reconstruction is one of the most complicated operations in plastic surgery and is more difficult for patients with a low hairline due to limited skin availability. In traditional operations, the skin of the mastoid area was used to cover the front of the ear scaffold, and the retroauricular fascia, combined with a free skin graft, was used to cover the back of the ear framework. This may cause problems such as inadequate skin coverage and affecting the shape of the reconstructed ear when the hairline is low.

Utility of somatosensory- and motor-evoked potential change thresholds in surgical treatment for thoracic spinal stenosis based on different pathologies.

Background Context: Thoracic spinal stenosis (TSS) is secondary to different pathologies that differ in clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the optimal warning thresholds for combined somatosensory-evoked potentials (SSEP) and motor-evoked potentials (MEP) for predicting postoperative neurological deterioration in surgical treatment for TSS based on different pathologies. Additionally, we explored the correlation between SSEP/MEP monitoring and postoperative spinal neurological function.

Genetic causal relationship between gut microbiota and cutaneous melanoma: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Currently, numerous studies suggest a potential association between the gut microbiota and the progression of melanoma. Hence, our objective was to examine the genetic impact of the gut microbiota on melanoma through the utilization of the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. This research employed Bacteroides, Streptococcus, Proteobacteria, and Lachnospiraceae as exposure variables and cutaneous melanoma (CM) as the outcome in a two-sample MR analysis.

Salvage of Extensive Skin Graft Necrosis After Auricle Reconstruction by Using Modified Nagata Method.

Extensive skin graft necrosis after auricle reconstruction surgery is a thorny problem for plastic surgeons. Four unilateral microtia patients were enrolled for extensive skin graft necrosis after ear elevation surgery. Early debridement and daily dressing changes were important for preoperative preparation.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Osteoporosis in a Chinese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.

BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a systemic chronic disease characterized by bone mineral density (BMD) reduction. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of osteoporosis and fracture risks in northwestern China and investigate the related anthropometric risk factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS Between July 2022 and August 2022, 1429 participants (1295 females, 134 males) with measured BMD were recruited to participate in this cross-sectional study.

Wnt pathway in bone: knowledge structure and hot spots from 1993 to 2022.

The role of the Wnt pathway in bone and its targets in skeletal disease has garnered interest, but the field lacks a systematic analysis of research. This paper presents a bibliometric study of publications related to the Wnt signaling pathway in bone to describe the current state of study and predict future outlooks. All relevant articles and reviews from 1993 to 2022 were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC).

Botulinum Toxin A Injection for Hemihypertrophy-related Unilateral Gastrocnemius Hypertrophy.

Hemihypertrophy is a rare congenital disorder that causes unequal growth of the extremities, trunk, face, or half of the body. We report a case of a 32-year-old woman with hemihypertrophy-related gastrocnemius hypertrophy treated with botulinum toxin A injection. The patient has received two botulinum toxin A injections, and we measured the thickness of the gastrocnemius muscle using ultrasound and measured the maximum circumference around the calf with the patient in the prone position.

Variability of somatosensory evoked potential and motor evoked potential change criteria in thoracic spinal decompression surgery based on preoperative motor status.

Background Context: Combined somatosensory- and motor-evoked potential (SSEP and MEP) changes for predicting prognosis in thoracic spinal surgery have been variably reported.

Purpose: We aimed to explore the validity of combined SSEP and MEP for predicting postoperative motor deficits (PMDs) in thoracic spinal decompression surgery (TSDS) and identify a relatively optimal neurophysiological predictor of PMDs in patients based on preoperative motor status.

Study Setting: Retrospective study.

Herpes Zoster after Botulinum Toxin Combined with Hyaluronic Acid Injection.

Botulinum toxin and hyaluronic acid injections are commonly used in plastic surgery. However, these treatment methods can also cause adverse events. This article reports a case of herpes zoster that occurred several days after botulinum toxin and hyaluronic acid injections.

"Stapling" scFv for multispecific biotherapeutics of superior properties.

Single-chain fragment variable (scFv) domains play an important role in antibody-based therapeutic modalities, such as bispecifics, multispecifics and chimeric antigen receptor T cells or natural killer cells. However, scFv domains exhibit lower stability and increased risk of aggregation due to transient dissociation ("breathing") and inter-molecular reassociation of the two domains (VL and VH). We designed a novel strategy, referred to as stapling, that introduces two disulfide bonds between the scFv linker and the two variable domains to minimize scFv breathing.

An Optimizing Surgical Procedures for Correcting Severe Constricted Ears: Helix Costal Cartilage Scaffold Combined With V-Y Advanced Flap.

Purpose: A constricted ear is a deformity that is distinguished by curling of the upper portion of the ear, which includes the helix, scapha, and antihelix. The treatment for severely constricted ears seems to be quite invasive. To reduce invasiveness and fully utilize the folded cartilage, the authors used a helix costal cartilage scaffold combined with a single V-Y advanced flap in the correction of Tanzer type IIB constricted ear deformity to investigate the clinical effect.

ROS Scavenging Graphene-Based Hydrogel Enhances Type H Vessel Formation and Vascularized Bone Regeneration via ZEB1/Notch1 Mediation.

The regeneration strategy for bone defects is greatly limited by the bone microenvironment, and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) seriously hinder the formation of new bone. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is expected to meet the requirements because of its ability to scavenge free radicals through electron transfer. Antioxidant hydrogels based on gelatine methacrylate (GM), acrylyl-β-cyclodextrin (Ac-CD), and rGO functionalized with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) are developed for skull defect regeneration, but the mechanism of how rGO-based hydrogels enhance bone repair remains unclear.

Causal associations of hand grip strength with bone mineral density and fracture risk: A mendelian randomization study.

Background: Muscle strength has been shown to exert positive effects on bone health. The causal relationship between hand grip strength and osteoporosis is an important public health issue but is not fully revealed. The goal of this study was to investigate whether and to what extent hand grip strength affects bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk.

Association between frailty and clinical post-operative outcomes in patients following hip arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This research determined the correlation between frailty and post-surgical complications, readmission, re-operation, and mortality in patients with hip arthroplasty through a meta-analysis.

Methods: We screened PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for cohort research that explored the correlation between frailty and post-operative complications in patients who underwent hip arthroplasty from inception to August 31, 2022. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was employed to assess the value of the involved studies.