Quality of life outcomes in patients receiving dental implants in vascularised bone flaps for mandibular reconstruction.

Resection, reconstruction, and rehabilitation of the mandible impact function and health related quality of life (HRQOL). In this study, we aimed to understand the impact of delayed versus immediate dental implant placement. A cross-sectional and prospective study was conducted including patients who underwent reconstruction of the mandible via osseous vascularised bone flaps and dental implants.

What is the force required to treat trismus in patients undergoing oral cavity free flap reconstruction?

Background: Trismus therapy is often delayed after jaw reconstruction to avoid hardware failure or non-union. The aim of this study is to document the forces that have been applied to patients undergoing free flap reconstruction of the oral cavity in the 12 months following oral cavity reconstruction, and to analyze the associations between force and maximal interincisal opening (MIO) over time.

Methods: Participants with trismus after free flap reconstruction of the oral cavity completed a 10-week jaw stretching program using Restorabite™.

Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus latency-associated nuclear antigen broadly regulates viral gene expression and is essential for lytic infection.

Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) is a leading cause of malignancy in AIDS and current therapies are limited. Like all herpesviruses, KSHV infection can be latent or lytic. KSHV latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) is essential for viral genome persistence during latent infection.

Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus exploits the DNA damage response to circularize its genome.

To establish lifelong, latent infection, herpesviruses circularize their linear, double-stranded, DNA genomes through an unknown mechanism. Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) herpesvirus (KSHV), a gamma herpesvirus, is tightly linked with KS, primary effusion lymphoma, and multicentric Castleman's disease. KSHV persists in latently infected cells as a multi-copy, extrachromosomal episome.

Outcomes of immediate dental implants in vascularised bone flaps for mandibular reconstruction.

Background: The aim of this study is to assess the outcomes of immediate implant placement for dental rehabilitation following mandibular reconstruction with vascularised bone flaps in a single Australian tertiary cancer centre.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent immediate dental implant or delayed placement in vascularised bone flaps was performed. Primary outcome measures assessed included the number of implants placed, operative time, complication rates, time to radiotherapy initiation, dental rehabilitation rates and time to dental rehabilitation.

Physiologically Based Biopharmaceutics Model of Vildagliptin Modified Release (MR) Tablets to Predict In Vivo Performance and Establish Clinically Relevant Dissolution Specifications.

The objective of the study was to predict pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) parameters of matrix-based modified release (MR) drug product of vildagliptin. Physiologically based biopharmaceutics modeling (PBBM) was developed using GastroPlus™ based on the available data including immediate-release (IR) drug product of vildagliptin. In vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC) was developed using mechanistic deconvolution to predict plasma concentration-time profile and PK parameters for a MR drug product planned for clinical use.

Heterologous Expression and High Degree Purification of the Restriction Endonuclease SauUSI.

Mechanisms that target and destroy foreign nucleic acids are major barriers to horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in prokaryotes. Amongst them, restriction-modification (R-M) systems are found in ≥75% of the sequenced genomes in Bacteria and Archaea. Due to their high target sequence specificity and potent nucleolytic activity, R-M systems are used as a paradigm to elucidate the mechanisms of DNA binding and cleavage.

Mechanism of DNA cleavage by the endonuclease SauUSI: a major barrier to horizontal gene transfer and antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus.

Acquisition of foreign DNA by Staphylococcus aureus, including vancomycin resistance genes, is thwarted by the ATP-dependent endonuclease SauUSI. Deciphering the mechanism of action of SauUSI could unravel the reason how it singularly plays a major role in preventing horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in S. aureus.

Clinical and radiographic evaluation of NobelActive(TM) dental implants.

Objectives: To conduct a randomised controlled trial to evaluate the short-term clinical and radiographic efficacy of the NobelActive™ system and to evaluate the relative importance of achieving primary stability at placement.

Materials And Methods: A total of 32 subjects were recruited and, using a split-mouth design, the NobelActive(TM) implant was compared with a contralaterally matched Brånemark implant. Both implants were placed in a single surgical procedure into healed sites using a one-stage protocol and reviewed at monthly intervals.

Off-line and on-line measurements of drug-loaded hot-melt extruded films using Raman spectroscopy.

The objective of this study was to investigate the use of Raman spectroscopy for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of an active ingredient in hot-melt extruded film formulations. Clotrimazole and ketoprofen were used as the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in the subject formulations. Films were prepared with contents varying from 1 to 20% of the respective API.

Near infrared spectroscopy of magnesium stearate hydrates and multivariate calibration of pseudopolymorph composition.

Samples of magnesium stearate monohydrate and dihydrate were used to prepare standard mixtures of known pseudopolymorphic composition. Near infrared spectra (NIR) of the standard mixtures were measured to develop multivariate calibration models for the pseudopolymorphic composition of magnesium stearate by partial least squares (PLS) regression. Magnesium stearate hydrate compositions of the standard mixtures were compared against the hydrate composition based on thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).

The relationship of proliferating cell density at the invasive tumour front with prognostic and risk factors in human oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: We hypothesise that the density of proliferating cells at the invasive tumour front (ITF) has a positive relationship with prognostic and risk factors in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Methods: Tissues from 47 human oral SCC specimens were collected and stained with a monoclonal antibody directed against the Ki-67 antigen using a horseradish peroxidase based two-step immunostaining method. Counting was performed on two parallel sections at the ITF using an image analyser.

Analysis of the Ki-67 antigen at the invasive tumour front of human oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: It is hypothesised that cell proliferation, as measured by the Ki-67 labelling index (LI) at the invasive tumour front (ITF) was directly related to the histological grade in human oral squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs).

Methods: Tissues from 42 human oral SCCs were collected and stained with an antibody directed against the Ki-67 antigen using an advanced polymer staining system. Quantitation of the immunopositive cells was performed on two parallel sections at the invasive tumour front (ITF), using an image analyser.

Displacement of a mandibular third molar root fragment into the pterygomandibular space.

Displacement of root fragments into adjacent anatomical areas is an uncommon complication of the removal of teeth. This paper describes the management of a mandibular third molar root fragment that was forced into the antero-inferior aspect of the pterygomandibular space. The importance of tomographical radiographs in the visualization of the displaced root is also discussed.