[Diagnostic algorithms and features of clinical course of congenital heart diseases in infants with lung anomalies].

The paper discusses the influence of lung anomalies on the progress of congenital heart diseases (CHD) in infants, as well as diagnostic value of radiography and ultraspeed computed tomography (CT). The four-year experience of the authors includes preoperative examination of 178 infants with CHD (mean age 5.8 +/- 0.

[Myocardial fatty dystrophy in patients with Fallot tetralogy].

Fatty degeneration (FD) was studied histochemically and ultrastructurally in surgical biopsies from 147 patients aged 22 days to 40 years with Fallot's tetralogy. FD was most pronounced in patients aged 3 to 6 years when the main part of cardiomyocytes completed the program of ontogenetical growth and started growing as hypertrophic mature cells. An increase of FD is considered as manifestation of an initial stage of hypertrophy of mature cardiomyocytes.

[The use of positron emission tomography for noninvasive diagnosis of mitochondrial dysfunction and assessment of myocardial compensatory reserve in children with cardiomyopathies].

Background: Recent experimental and clinical studies have shown that cardiomyopathy (CMP) can be associated with disorders of oxidative metabolism in cardiomyocyte mitochondria. These disorders are connected with deficit of enzymes and complexes of electron transfer chain, and can constitute pathogenetic base of the disease. AIM.

[A method for the primary selection of immunomodulators by the level of 5'-nucleotidase activity in the macrophages of peritoneal exudate].

A method of primary selection of immunomodulators based on measuring of ecto 5'-nucleotidase activity level of macrophages of peritoneal exudate was developed. Immunostimulators were found to decrease the activity level, while immunosuppressors increased the activity. The preparations having no immunomodulatory effect do not change the activity of this enzyme.

[Immunomodulating properties of phospholipids].

Immunomodulating properties of glycerophospholipids were studied. Both phosphatidyl ethanolamines and phosphatidyl cholines exhibited similar immunostimulating effects.

[Effects of D-penicillamine on the ultrastructure of hepatocytes and state of the base substance in the liver of rats with experimental cirrhosis].

The authors examined the action of D-penicillamine on the ultrastructure of hepatocytes and the condition of the base substance in the rat's liver, with experimental CCl4-cirrhosis. (D-penicillamine was given to these rats during 4 and 6 months). It was discovered that the using of D-penicillamine on the early stages of experiment (until 4 months) reduced the process of the development of the liver cirrhosis.

[Differences in the receptor apparatus of resident and meat-peptone broth-stimulated macrophage populations detectable under the action of salmozan].

The degree of expression of lectin-like receptors in resident (RPM) and peptone-elicited peritoneal macrophages (PE-PM) using salmozan as polysaccharide was investigated. Obtained results allow to suppose that salmozan screens lectin-like receptors in macrophages and SRBC. The salmozan screening of lectin-like receptors in macrophages and SRBC resulted in decrease of SRBC uptake level in RPM-subpopulation but did not alter it in PE-PM-subpopulation.

[Effect of mytilan, a polysaccharide from Crenomytilus grayanus, on the functional activity of peritoneal macrophages].

The studies showed that mytilan, a polysaccharide from Crenomytilus grayanus had a marked activating effect on macrophages evident from respective morphological changes and increased metabolic and functional activity of the macrophages. Exposure to mytilan resulted in an increase in the number of the macrophages and their size (optic microscopy), changes in their surface (scanning microscopy) and ultrastructural reconstruction of the cells (light microscopy). It was shown that subcutaneous and intraperitoneal administration of mytilan defined a decrease in the activity of 5'-nucleotidase in the macrophages of the peritoneal exudate from ++noninbred mice and mice CBA.

[31P-NMR spectroscopy of the human liver and bile].

High-resolution 31P-NMR is used for the estimation of phosphate-containing compounds levels in native bile of healthy subjects and patients with primary biliary liver cirrhosis and also in the liver biopsies of patients with chronic calculous cholecystitis. The results demonstrate the possibilities of rapid comparative estimation of the content of main phosphate-containing compounds in human bile and liver biopsies aimed at clinical diagnosis of liver and bile duct diseases.

[Regulation of cell function in the macrophagal phagocytic system with salmozan].

Salmozan has been shown to bring about changes in the phagocytic function of peritoneal macrophages, to produce a labilizing effect on the state of lysosomal membranes and to enhance the intensity of protein synthesis in peritoneal macrophages. The presence of relationship between the functional activity of the cells of the macrophagal phagocytic system, the resistance of the body to infections and the capacity for response to an antigenic stimulus has been revealed. The character of changes observed in this investigation has been found to depend on the interval between the injection of salmozan and the injection of sheep red blood cells or challenge with Listeria.

[Immunomodulating properties of salmozan and its effect on the functional activity of macrophages].

The effect of salmozan on the resistance of mice to Listeria monocytogenes infection, the formation of delayed hypersensitivity (DH) to sheep red blood cells in the animals, as well as changes in some functional activity characteristics of macrophages have been studied. The study has revealed that salmozan enhances anti-infectious resistance, suppresses the dermal manifestations of DH, and decreases the level of 5'-nucleotidase in peritoneal macrophages, stimulating their phagocytic activity. The intensity of the drug action depends on the time of its administration.

[Metabolic changes in the peritoneal macrophages of mice differing in the H-2 locus of histocompatibility after intraperitoneal administration of salmozan].

The activity of 5'-nucleotidase in mouse peritoneal macrophages differing by histocompatibility locus H-2 after intraperitoneal injection of salmozan, an immunostimulating agent, has been studied. The character of changes in the activity of 5'-nucleotidase in peritoneal exudate macrophages after the intraperitoneal injection of salmozan has proved to be unrelated to the genotype of mice. The injection of salmozan induces a deep and prolonged decrease in the activity of 5'-nucleotidase in these macrophages.

[Immunomodulators and hemopoietic system in malignant growth].

The data on the effect of immunomodulators (IM) of the biologic origin on hematopoietic responses are reviewed. Up-to-date classification of immunomodulators is given. The correlation between the proliferative stem cell response induced by certain immunomodulators, accidental thymus involution, suppressor T cell activity enhancement and the development of transient anemia are analyzed from the standpoint of its possible significance.

[Effect of various immunostimulants on 5-nucleotidase activity of macrophages of peritoneal exudate in the mouse].

All the immunostimulators studied, independently on their biological origin and chemical structure, decreased the 5-nucleotidase activity in macrophages of mice peritoneal exudate, thus indicating activation of these cells. The most distinct inhibition of the enzymatic activity in macrophages was induced by preparations of microbial origin. The decrease of the 5-nucleotidase activity in macrophages was observed in mice of CBA strain only after intraperitoneal administration of the preparations, while in non-linear animals--after subcutaneous or itraperitoneal injections.

[Chemical structure and immunostimulating activity of high molecular weight polysaccharides].

An immunostimulating activity of high molecular polysaccharides, dissimilar in their chemical structure, was studied. Inoculation of mice with bacteria of typhoid fever and Kl. pneumoniae demonstrated that O-polysaccharide from typhoid bacteria--multicomponent, branch-chained, phosphorus-containing polysaccharide--exhibited the highest immunostimulating effect.

[Interstrain differences in changes in 5-nucleotidase activity in mouse macrophages in response to immunostimulation].

The effect of immunostimulants on the activity of 5-nucleotidase in the macrophages of peritoneal exudate (MPE) has been investigated in mice of various strains. It has been demonstrated that in case of subcutaneous introduction of immunostimulants interstrain differences might be observed in the changes of MPE 5-nucleotidase activity. The decrease in the enzymatic activity in MPE was found to be the most pronounced in C57Bl/6 mice, while in AKR mice it was the least marked.

[Functional macrophage activity in infection with virulent and avirulent strains of the dysentery microbe].

The effect of S. flexneri virulent and avirulent (vaccine) strains 2a on the cytoplasmic membrane of mouse macrophages has been studied by evaluating the action of these bacteria on the activity of 5-nucleotidase. The dynamics of the activity of 5-nucleotidase after the introduction of both virulent and avirulent strains has a phasic character with alternating rises and falls in the activity of this enzyme in comparison with the control.

[Analysis of the effect of immunostimulants on the macrophages of mouse peritoneal exudates by using mathematical simulation and planning methods].

Using methods of mathematical modelling and planning an analysis was made of changes in 5-nucleotidase activity in murine peritoneal macrophages after intraperitoneal administration of immunostimulants of different chemical structure and biological origin. The changes in 5-nucleotidase activity after the administration of immunostimulants were shown to exhibit a similar linear pattern.