[Video-assisted tenotomy of the triceps muscle of the calf in cerebral palsy patients].

Purpose Of The Study: The aim of the study was to demonstrate the outcomes of video-assisted tenotomy of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles in children with the spastic form of cerebral palsy.

Material: In the period from September 2003 to March 2004, 18 lower extremities in 14 patients were operated on.A set for endoscopic plastic surgery with a 4-mm trocar was used.

[Endoscopic investigations in children under 3 years of age at the clinic of paediatric surgery].

Background: Retrospective study of gastroscopic investigations in children under 3 years of age.

Methods And Results: Since 1.1.

How much pi-stacking do DNA termini seek? Solution structure of a self-complementary DNA hexamer with trimethoxystilbenes capping the terminal base pairs.

The exposed terminal base pairs of DNA duplexes are nonclassical binding sites for small molecules. Instead, small molecules usually prefer intercalation or minor groove binding. Here we report the solution structure of the DNA duplex (TMS-TGCGCA)(2), where TMS denotes trimethoxystilbene carboxamides that are 5'-tethered to the DNA.

[Ultrasound for renal colic].

Nowadays the Spiral-CT-scan is stressed as the diagnostic "gold-standard" in the management of kidney-colics. Our findings suggest a very good sensitivity (98%) and specificity of diagnostic ultrasound (items:Hydrourether, RI > 0.05) in combination with hematuria in an ambulatory setting.

[Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in children].

Aim: The authors evaluate their experience with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in children at the age of three months to 14 years.

Cohort: Forty three patients treated with this method in the years 1995-2002.

Methods: The percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy is applied in children under general anesthesia.

Solution structure of a steroid-DNA complex with cholic acid residues sealing the termini of a Watson-Crick duplex.

The three-dimensional structure of a covalent hybrid between cholic acid and the self-complementary DNA hexamer 5'-TGCGCA-3' was solved via two-dimensional NMR and restrained torsion angle molecular dynamics. In the complex, refined to a pairwise rmsd of 0.64 A, the steroid binds to the terminal T:A base pairs via extensive van der Waals contacts but without any hydrogen bonds or detectable dipole-dipole interactions.

[Laparoscopic surgery of the spleen in children].

Laparoscopic operations of the spleen, incl. splenectomy, are increasingly accepted worldwide. The most frequent indications for this type of surgical treatment are haematological diseases (some types of haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia, myeloproliferative syndrome).

[Diagnostic imaging of calculi in the upper urinary tract--sonography vs. computerized tomography].

The choice of the most suitable technique for radiologic evaluation of upper urinary tract stones depends on the precise clinical questions that have to be answered. Many of these questions can still be answered by plain films of the abdomen and excretory urography. This review addresses the value of ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) with respect to the two most important clinical questions, i.

On the effect of covalently appended quinolones on termini of DNA duplexes.

Quinolones are gyrase inhibitors that are widely used as antibiotics in the clinic. When covalently attached to oligonucleotides as 5'-acylamido substituents, quinolones were found to stabilize duplexes of oligonucleotides against thermal denaturation. For short duplexes, such as qu-T*GCGCA, where qu is a quinolone residue and T is a 5'-amino-5'-deoxythymidine residue, an increase in the UV melting point of up to 27.

[Pathology of the spleen in children--current possibilities of surgical treatment].

In the submitted paper the authors review the contemporary state of surgery of the spleen in child age. Surgical treatment is used most frequently in injuries of the spleen, in portal hypertension and in haematological diseases. In a group of patients during the last decade efforts to preserve the spleen are emphasized and experience is reported with the use of therapeutic procedures.

Beliefs and attitudes of caregivers toward compliance with childhood immunisations in Cameroon.

This study analysed factors associated with caregiver compliance and childhood immunisation schedules using a framework based on the Health Belief Model and a cross-sectional questionnaire survey. Participants were caregivers who were enrolling their children (average age 5 y) into class one at randomly selected primary schools in Bamenda, Cameroon. Schools were selected using a stratified random sampling methodology.

S20098 affects the free-running rhythms of body temperature and activity and decreases light-induced phase delays of circadian rhythms of the rat.

Mammalian endogenous circadian rhythms are entrained to the environmental day-night cycle by light exposure. Melatonin is involved in this entrainment by signaling the day-night information to the endogenous circadian pacemaker. Furthermore, melatonin is known to affect the circadian rhythm of body temperature directly.

[Ultrasound mammography].

The importance of breast ultrasound in the determination of a palpable mass grew in the last years, to examine the radiologically dence breast or cysts it even became the first line method. The sonographic evaluation bases on the following criteria: internal echoes, shape of the tumor, posterior shadowing or enhancement, lateral shadows, compressibility and shifting. As there are only a few pathognomic and definite findings like anechoic cysts with smooth walls and sharp borders, the majority of palpable masses may be determined only approximately without final certainty.

[Kidney parenchyma diseases].

The systematic appraisal of the kidneys with respect to differential diagnosis in ultrasonography is an important feature. The integration of the clinical point of view is essential in judging ultrasound findings that appear often moderate and aspecific, especially in respect of diffuse parenchymatous kidney-diseases. The most important characteristics of typical diffuse parenchymal disorders and focal alterations in ultrasonography are depicted.

[Laparoscopy in the diagnosis, classification and therapy of nonpalpable undescended testes].

Objective: The use of laparoscopy in children for the diagnosis, classification and treatment of non-palpable testes. High forms of undescended testes in an abdominal or high inguinal position are a diagnostic and therapeutic problem in paediatric surgery.

Method: The authors evaluate retrospectively the laparoscopic approach used in 68 boys for the diagnosis, classification and treatment of 79 undescended testes.

Gastric carcinoma in a 9-year-old boy.

Gastric carcinoma is an extremely rare cancer in children. A case is presented of a 9-year-old boy admitted to The University Hospital Brno with a 4-month history of abdominal pain, anorexia, weight loss, nausea, and vomiting. Several of his family members died from or have been treated for cancer.

[Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in children].

Objective: Retrospective evaluation of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in children. The authors deal with the asset of the method in child surgery and emphasize the differences of treatment of cholelithiasis in children by a laparoscopic approach.

Method: During 1994 to 1998 the authors made 54 laparoscopic cholecystectomies in children 5 to 18 years old (mean age 14.

[The importance of laparoscopy in children].

The authors submit the evaluation of 720 laparoscopic operations performed at the Clinic of Child Surgery and Traumatology in Brno between the end of 1994 and May 1999. The group is formed by children aged 3 weeks to 18 years. The mean age was 8.