Myeloid cells including brain-resident (microglia) and peripheral macrophages play a crucial role in various pathological conditions, including neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease (AD). They respond to disruption of tissue homeostasis associated with disease conditions by acquiring various transcriptional and functional states. Experimental investigation of these states is hampered by the lack of tools that enable accessible and robust reprogramming of human macrophages toward Alzheimer's disease-relevant molecular and cellular phenotypes .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Humanit
October 2024
It is a foundational principle of medical humanities that the appreciation of literature and other humanities enrich and expand medical training. But what are the mechanisms by which this happens? As a faculty member and former medical student, who met during an interdisciplinary and multi-institutional 5-session poetry seminar, we reflect on how poetry enriches our own experiences working with patients, as well as how we care for patients. Reading poetry in medicine has the potential to enhance observational skills, model an appreciation of uncertainties, and generate joy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study presents a computational investigation into the mechanistic pathway and the linker units involved in forming the zwitterionic 1,2-anti-addition product of non-conjugated diacetylenes, di(propargyl)ether (DPE), di(prop-2yn-1yl)sulfane (DPS) and 1,6-Heptadiyne (HD) catalyzed by the inter-molecular phosphine/borane frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs), i.e., PPh[CH(CF)](P-CF)/[B(CF)]([B]) and P(o-tolyl)(P-tol)/[B(CF)]([B]).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGynecol Oncol Rep
October 2024
Introduction Zirconia is a widely used restorative material in dentistry due to its superior aesthetic and mechanical properties. The oral cavity is a complex ecosystem with various components, which affect the teeth, as well as artificial restorative materials. Various personal and professional interventions carried out can severely affect the properties of restorative materials, thus altering the longevity of the prosthesis; 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe impact of multiple reuse on the alterations in internal threads of four different implant analogous composed of different materials (stainless steel (SS), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), and zirconia (Zr) by utilizing two die materials at different time durations is of interest to dentists. The spacing between the threads was measured using the impressions created for the interior threads of implant analogs, or replicas by stereomicroscope set to x50 at 0th, 3rd, 6th, 9th, and 12th interval. It was observed that there was decrease in distance between threads 1-2 as the increasing reuse at increasing time intervals in all implants analogs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Globally, obstetric fistula is a tragic outcome following obstructed labour. Failure of complex repair and post-operative incontinence are common. We describe an innovative surgical technique incorporating the rectus abdominus flap at the time of fistula repair.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo uncover molecular changes underlying blood-brain-barrier dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease, we performed single nucleus RNA sequencing in 24 Alzheimer's disease and control brains and focused on vascular and astrocyte clusters as main cell types of blood-brain-barrier gliovascular-unit. The majority of the vascular transcriptional changes were in pericytes. Of the vascular molecular targets predicted to interact with astrocytic ligands, SMAD3, upregulated in Alzheimer's disease pericytes, has the highest number of ligands including VEGFA, downregulated in Alzheimer's disease astrocytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Obstructed labor leading to a vesicovaginal fistula remains a devastating outcome of childbirth in low-resource countries. Women with an irreparable vesicovaginal fistula may be candidates for a urinary diversion, such as the Mainz II modified ureterosigmoidostomy procedure. Previous reviews state that the procedure should be considered in low-resource countries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Acute agitation during pediatric mental health emergency department (ED) visits presents safety risks to patients and staff. We previously convened multidisciplinary stakeholders who prioritized 20 proposed quality measures for pediatric acute agitation management. Our objectives were to assess feasibility of evaluating performance on these quality measures using electronic health record (EHR) data and to examine performance variation across 3 EDs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAging is a major risk factor in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other adult-onset neurodegenerative disorders. Whereas young neurons are capable of buffering disease-causing stresses, mature neurons lose this ability and degenerate over time. We hypothesized that the resilience of young motor neurons could be restored by re-expression of the embryonic motor neuron selector transcription factors ISL1 and LHX3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbortion is criminalized in Malawi in the absence of a life-threatening condition. Consequently, women often undergo unsafe abortions. A large proportion of abortions performed in Malawi require subsequent treatment at a healthcare facility.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose/objectives: The study aimed to assess the applicability of digital intraoral scanning in dental hygiene education and compare the quality, efficiency, and ease of use to conventional impression techniques.
Methods: Twenty-eight first-year dental hygiene students (DH1) at UTHealth Houston School of Dentistry (UTSD) participated in this 2022 study. Each student participated in two 4-h lab sessions.
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative parkinsonian disorder characterized by cell-type-specific tau lesions in neurons and glia. Prior work uncovered transcriptome changes in human PSP brains, although their cell-specificity is unknown. Further, systematic data integration and experimental validation platforms to prioritize brain transcriptional perturbations as therapeutic targets in PSP are currently lacking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComplications from radical hysterectomy in low-income countries (LICs) are largely unreported in the medical literature. We report on three cases of urinary tract reconstruction performed at the Fistula Care Center (FCC) in Lilongwe, Malawi for iatrogenic fistula following radical hysterectomy. These cases demonstrate the diversity and complexity of reconstruction techniques required and emphasize the need for careful tracking of surgical outcomes of radical hysterectomy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To characterize neurologic manifestations in post-hospitalization Neuro-PASC (PNP) and non-hospitalized Neuro-PASC (NNP) patients.
Methods: Prospective study of the first 100 consecutive PNP and 500 NNP patients evaluated at a Neuro-COVID-19 clinic between 5/2020 and 8/2021.
Results: PNP were older than NNP patients (mean 53.
Glutamatergic dysfunction is implicated in schizophrenia pathoaetiology, but this may vary in extent between patients. It is unclear whether inter-individual variability in glutamate is greater in schizophrenia than the general population. We conducted meta-analyses to assess (1) variability of glutamate measures in patients relative to controls (log coefficient of variation ratio: CVR); (2) standardised mean differences (SMD) using Hedges g; (3) modal distribution of individual-level glutamate data (Hartigan's unimodality dip test).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors related to treatment attendance for patients seeking gender-affirming voice therapy (GAVT).
Method: We completed retrospective chart reviews of 50 patients (43 transgender women, three transgender men, four nonbinary patients; aged 18-67 years, = 34.92 years, = 12.
Neurons born in the embryo can undergo a protracted period of maturation lasting well into postnatal life. How gene expression changes are regulated during maturation and whether they can be recapitulated in cultured neurons remains poorly understood. Here, we show that mouse motor neurons exhibit pervasive changes in gene expression and accessibility of associated regulatory regions from embryonic till juvenile age.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy were the four basic kinds of cancer treatment until recently. Immuno-oncology (IO), or the concept that cancer cells were damaged by activating the body's immune system, has emerged and is explained as a unique and crucial method for treating different cancers over the last decade. The US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency both approved this newly recognized way of treating cancer in 2020.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: For the first time in history, the COVID-19 pandemic required students at The University of Texas School of Dentistry (UTSD) to move to remote education. Based on a literature review, it was assumed that younger generations of students would prefer virtual teaching models over in-classroom formats. The purpose of this study is to assess students' perspectives of remote learning during COVID-19 in dental education relative to their generation and programme.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Parkinson's disease (PD) is genetically associated with the H1 haplotype of the MAPT 17q.21.31 locus, although the causal gene and variants underlying this association have not been identified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTranscription factor over-expression is a proven method for reprogramming cells to a desired cell type for regenerative medicine and therapeutic discovery. However, a general method for the identification of reprogramming factors to create an arbitrary cell type is an open problem. Here we examine the success rate of methods and data for differentiation by testing the ability of nine computational methods (CellNet, GarNet, EBseq, AME, DREME, HOMER, KMAC, diffTF and DeepAccess) to discover and rank candidate factors for eight target cell types with known reprogramming solutions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed
August 2023
Major incidents are rare but require a large amount of preparation, co-ordination and communication across different emergency services and specialities. This ensures that casualties are efficiently managed within the constraints of limited clinical resources. This article aims to provide a brief understanding of what constitutes as a major incident, how it is declared and the chain of command in communication and action, focusing specifically on the paediatric process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: We characterized the evolution of neurologic symptoms and self-perceived recovery of non-hospitalized COVID-19 "long haulers" 6-9 months after their initial Neuro-COVID-19 clinic evaluation.
Methods: In this follow-up study on the first 100 patients, 50 SARS-CoV-2 laboratory-positive (SARS-CoV-2 ), and 50 laboratory-negative (SARS-CoV-2 ), evaluated at our Neuro-COVID-19 clinic between May and November 2020, patients completed phone questionnaires on their neurologic symptoms, subjective impression of recovery and quality of life.
Results: Of 52 patients who completed the study (27 SARS-CoV-2 , 25 SARS-CoV-2 ) a median 14.