Decreased birth weight, length, and head circumference in children born by women years after treatment for hyperthyroidism.

Context: Whether hyperthyroidism influences the birth characteristics of children born several years after treatment is unknown.

Objective: The objective of the study was to compare birth characteristics in singleton newborns delivered by women previously treated for Graves' disease (GD), toxic nodular goiter (TNG), or nontoxic goiter (NTG).

Design: This was a nested case-control design within a national cohort registry study from 1950 through 2006.

Assessment of residual setup errors for anatomical sub-structures in image-guided head-and-neck cancer radiotherapy.

Background: To quantify residual setup errors (RSE) and required planning target volumes (PTV) margins in head-and-neck cancer (HNC) radiotherapy when using daily image guidance (IG) and less-than-daily IG protocols.

Material And Methods: Daily on-line kV-image registrations of 80 HNC patients (2640 imaged treatment fractions) were retrospectively studied to analyze RSE. Less-than-daily imaging protocols, using different action levels, were simulated on the data.

Retrospective cohort study of bronchial doses and radiation-induced atelectasis after stereotactic body radiation therapy of lung tumors located close to the bronchial tree.

Purpose: To evaluate the dose-response relationship between radiation-induced atelectasis after stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) and bronchial dose.

Methods And Materials: Seventy-four patients treated with SBRT for tumors close to main, lobar, or segmental bronchi were selected. The association between incidence of atelectasis and bronchial dose parameters (maximum point-dose and minimum dose to the high-dose bronchial volume [ranging from 0.

Toxicity after reirradiation of pulmonary tumours with stereotactic body radiotherapy.

Purpose: To assess toxicity and feasibility of reirradiation with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) after prior lung SBRT for primary lung cancer or lung metastases.

Patients And Materials: Twenty-nine patients reirradiated with SBRT on 32 lung lesions (11 central, 21 peripheral) were retrospectively reviewed. Median follow-up time was 12 months (range 1-97).

The role of radiotherapy in treatment of stage I non-small cell lung cancer.

Most information on results with radiotherapy (RT) for stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is based on retrospective studies on RT-treated inoperable NSCLC cases. Thus, the role of RT for stage I NSCLC, as a curative modality, has not yet been established. A literature search for studies on stage I non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) treated by RT alone resulted in 18 papers published between 1988 and 2000.

Clinical course of metastatic parathyroid cancer.

In a retrospective study the clinical course of 40 patients with symptomatic persistent or recurrent parathyroid cancer was analyzed in order to assess the value of aggressive surgical intervention. Recurrence was diagnosed after a median period of 33 months (1-228 months). Twenty-two patients had locoregional disease, whereas 14 patients had both local and distant spread.

Increased serum CD8 soluble antigen level is associated with blood lymphocyte abnormalities and other established indicators of a poor prognosis in adult Hodgkin's disease.

Measurement of the soluble form of CD8 antigen (sCD8), a surface membrane component of suppressor/cytotoxic T cells, has yielded useful information relevant to prognosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and Hodgkin's disease (HD). An ELISA technique was used to measure the amount of sCD8 in sera from 123 adults with untreated HD. Significantly higher mean sCD8 levels were found in patients with advanced disease (stage III-IV; P less than 0.

Increased luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence of blood monocytes and granulocytes in Hodgkin's disease.

The oxidative metabolic burst of blood monocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) from 22 untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) and 18 healthy subjects were studied. Monocytes and PMN were enriched by density centrifugation and in vitro activated by zymosan. The oxidative metabolism was measured by luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL).

Lymphocyte abnormalities predicting a poor prognosis in Hodgkin's disease. A long-term follow-up.

Two hundred sixty-two adult patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) were studied. Incorporation of carbon-14-thymidine was measured in unstimulated monocyte-depleted lymphocyte cultures, and in cultures activated by concanavalin A (Con-A) before institution of therapy in all patients. Total blood lymphocytes and T-cell subsets were enumerated in the last 108 patients.

Immune deficiency in family members of patients with Hodgkin's disease.

Indirect data supporting a preexisting immunologic impairment in patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) have been presented in recent years. These immunologic defects are supposed to be related to genetic and/or environmental factors. In this study, 65 first-degree relatives and 12 spouses of 21 consecutive patients with HD were studied immunologically.

Increased blood clearance rate of indium-111 oxine-labeled autologous CD4+ blood cells in untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease.

Untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) have a blood T-lymphocytopenia mainly caused by a reduction of the CD4+ subset. Indirect support for a sequestration of T cells in the spleen and tumor-involved lymphoid tissue has accumulated. To test the hypothesis that the blood CD4 T-lymphocytopenia in patients with HD is caused by an altered lymphocyte traffic, 12 untreated HD patients and five in complete clinical remission (CCR) were studied.

Surface markers and cytotoxic activity of blood natural killer cells studied at the single cell level in Hodgkin's disease.

Purified peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from nine untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD), two HD patients in complete remission and 17 healthy donors were studied for natural killer (NK) cell activity against the K-562 cell line using a single cell cytotoxic assay, which allowed enumeration of effector cells and characterization of their surface membrane phenotypes after staining with monoclonal antibodies. The frequency of NK cells was significantly lower in HD patients than in controls (mean % +/- s.d.