A new model for classification of medical CT images using CNN: a COVID-19 case study.

SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of COVID-19 and leaves characteristic impressions on chest Computed Tomography (CT) images in infected patients and this analysis is performed by radiologists through visual reading of lung images, and failures may occur. In this article, we propose a classification model, called Wavelet Convolutional Neural Network (WCNN) that aims to improve the differentiation of images of patients with COVID-19 from images of patients with other lung infections. The WCNN model was based on a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and wavelet transform.

Nutritional state assessed by ultrasonography, but not by bioelectric impedance, predicts 28-day mortality in critically ill patients. Prospective cohort study.

Background & Aims: Malnutrition is a disease associated with unfavorable outcomes and high prevalence among critically ill patients. The primary aim of the study was to correlate the nutritional status of patients recently admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with the 28-day mortality rate. The secondary aim was to establish cut-off values for the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and ultrasonography (USG) methods for the classification of the nutritional status of critically ill patients.

Novel Mahalanobis-based feature selection improves one-class classification of early hepatocellular carcinoma.

Detection of early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is responsible for increasing survival rates in up to 40%. One-class classifiers can be used for modeling early HCC in multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), but demand the specific knowledge pertaining to the set of features that best describes the target class. Although the literature outlines several features for characterizing liver lesions, it is unclear which is most relevant for describing early HCC.

Predicting malignant neck lymphadenopathy using color duplex sonography based on multivariate analysis.

Purpose: To select the best predictors of cervical lymph node malignancy based on gray-scale and power Doppler sonography using multivariate analysis.

Methods: We evaluated sonographically a total of 97 lymph nodes in the neck that were subjected to fine-needle aspiration biopsy. The gray-scale and power Doppler sonography parameters that we analyzed using multivariate logistic regression included size, shape, echogenicity, echotexture, margins, hilum, presence of microcalcifications or necrosis, vascularization, and resistance index (RI).

Artifacts and pitfalls in shoulder magnetic resonance imaging.

Magnetic resonance imaging has revolutionized the diagnosis of shoulder lesions, in many cases becoming the method of choice. However, anatomical variations, artifacts and the particularity of the method may be a source of pitfalls, especially for less experienced radiologists. In order to avoid false-positive and false-negative results, the authors carried out a compilation of imaging findings that may simulate injury.

Impact of Diuraphis noxia and Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on primary physiology of four near-isogenic wheat lines.

The impact of feeding injury by the Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), and bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on susceptible and resistant wheat, Triticum aestivum L., near-isogenic lines 'Tugela' (susceptible), Tugela-Dn1 (antibiotic), Tugela-Dn2 (tolerant), and Tugela-Dn5 (antixenotic) was evaluated by assessing photosynthetic parameters.

INDIAM--an e-learning system for the interpretation of mammograms.

We propose the design of a teaching system named Interpretation and Diagnosis of Mammograms (INDIAM) for training students in the interpretation of mammograms and diagnosis of breast cancer. The proposed system integrates an illustrated tutorial on radiology of the breast, that is, mammography, which uses education techniques to guide the user (doctors, students, or researchers) through various concepts related to the diagnosis of breast cancer. The user can obtain informative text about specific subjects, access a library of bibliographic references, and retrieve cases from a mammographic database that are similar to a query case on hand.

Photosynthetic responses of wheat, Triticum aestivum L., to defoliation patterns on individual leaves.

The impact of defoliation by fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), on the photosynthetic rates of injured, individual wheat, Triticum aestivum L.

Physiological responses of resistant and susceptible buffalograsses to Blissus occiduus (Hemiptera: Blissidae) feeding.

The impact of Blissus occiduus Barber feeding on resistant ('Prestige') and susceptible ('378') buffalograsses, Buchloë dactyloides (Nuttall) Engelmann, was evaluated through measurement of carbon exchange rate, light and carbon assimilation (A-C(i)) curves, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and nonstructural carbohydrates. No significant differences in carbon exchange rates were observed between infested and control plants for 378 at 5 and 10 d after infestation; however, at 20 d after chinch bug introduction, significant differences in carbon exchange rates between infested and control 378 plants were detected. Carbon exchange rates were similar between infested and control Prestige plants at 5,10, and 20 d after infestation, suggesting that resistant plants can allocate energy for recovery from chinch bug injury.

[Ophthalmoplegic migraine: MRI findings. Case report].

Ophthalmoplegic migraine is a rare syndrome in which headache is associated with ophthalmoplegia and third, fourth or sixth cranial nerves palsy. It occurs most frequently in childhood and teenagers. At magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadolinium (GD-DTPA) it may be observed a transitory enhancement of the affected nerve.

[Hallervorden Spatz syndrome: magnetic resonance findings. Case report].

Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome is a neurodegenerative disease, autosomic recessive with two clinical features: early and late onset. Psychiatric, pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs are present in the late subtype. We report the case of a 41-old woman with extrapyramidal signs.