The relationship between mutation carriage of BRCA1/2 and clinicopathological characteristics in women with breast cancer - experience from a diagnostic centre in Turkey.

The 5-10% of breast cancers (BC) are hereditary, and BRCA1/2 are causative in 25% of those inherited. It was aimed to examine the BRCA1/2 genotype-BC phenotype relationship. In 170 female patients with BC, BRCA1/2 genes were investigated using Next Generation Sequencing.

Acrometastasis of Laryngeal Carcinoma to the Finger.

Distant metastasis of laryngeal carcinoma occurs at the rate of 4%-12%, with the most common sites being the lungs, liver and bone. Acrometastasis occurs rarely in cases of laryngeal carcinoma; to date, only three cases of acrometastasis have been reported. Herein, we describe a 66-year male, who was followed up for metastatic laryngeal carcinoma and developed paronychia.

Glucocorticoids in a Neonatal Hyperoxic Lung Injury Model: Pulmonary and Neurotoxic effects.

Background: We aimed to compare the effect of dexamethasone (Dex), hydrocortisone (Hc), and methylprednisolone (Mpz) at equivalent doses on somatic growth, lung healing, and neurotoxicity in a hyperoxic rat model. We hypothesized that Mpz and Hc would be superior to Dex with less neurotoxicity by exerting similar therapeutic efficacy on the injured lung.

Methods: Neonatal rats were randomized to control, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), Dex, Hc, and Mpz groups.

Cushing's syndrome due to adrenocorticotropic hormone-secreting metastatic neuroendocrine tumor of unknown primary origin: a case report and literature review.

Background: In this article, we present a case of neuroendocrine neoplasm of unknown primary origin (UPO NEN), which is a rare cause of ectopic Cushing's syndrome (ECS) presenting numerous challenges, together with a literature review.

Case Report: A 43-year-old male patient presented with clinical features consistent with Cushing's syndrome (CS) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-dependent hypercortisolemia. Despite a suspicious lesion on pituitary MRI, the high-dose dexamethasone suppression test and bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling results were not compatible with Cushing's disease.

Investigation of Hereditary Cancer Predisposition Genes of Patients with Colorectal Cancer: Single-centre Experience.

Objective: To investigate the genetic causes of colorectal cancers (CRCs); and to determine the genotype-phenotype correlation.

Study Design: Descriptive study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Department of Medical Genetics, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research, Hospital, Ankara, Turkey, between January 2018 and January 2020.

Astaxanthin Prevents Lung Injury Due to Hyperoxia and Inflammation.

Background/aim: This study aimed to ascertain the effects of astaxanthin on the lungs of rat pups with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) induced by hyperoxia and lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Materials And Methods: Forty-two newborn Wistar rats, born to spontaneous pregnant rats, were divided into three groups: Hyperoxia (95% O2) + lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group, hyperoxia + LPS + astaxhantin group, and control: no treatment group (21% O2). Pups in the hyperoxia + LPS + astaxanthin group were given 100 mg/kg/day oral astaxanthin from the first day to the fifth day.

Protective Effects of Astaxanthin on Nephrotoxicity in Rats with Induced Renovascular Occlusion.

Background: Various effects of Astaxanthin were shown in the studies, including its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and immunoregulatory effects.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the beneficial effects of Astaxanthin on renovascular occlusion induced renal injury and to investigate the possible mechanisms.

Methods: The rats were randomly assigned into three groups as follows: Group 1: control group (n=12), Group 2: renal ischemia-reperfusion injury group (n=12), Group 3: renal ischemia-reperfusion + asthaxantine treated group (n=12).

Favorable Effects of Astaxanthin on Brain Damage due to Ischemia- Reperfusion Injury.

Background: Activated inflammation and oxidant stress during cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) lead to brain damage. Astaxanthin (ASX) is a type of carotenoid with a strong antioxidant effect.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ASX on brain IRI.

Does Tadalafil Increase The Uptake of Finasteride into Prostate Tissue? A Biochemical and Histological Evaluation in Rats.

Purpose: To histopathologically and biochemically evaluate the hypothesis that tadalafil increases the uptake of a second medication into the prostate tissue by increasing the blood supply in the prostate.

Methods: Forty 12-week-old Sprague Dawley male rats were equally divided into 5 groups and were administered drugs orally as follows: Group 1 - no drugs, Group 2 - 10 days of finasteride, Group 3 - 10 days of finasteride + tadalafil, Group 4 - 30 days of finasteride, and Group 5 - 30 days of finasteride + tadalafil. At the end of 10 days of drug administration in Group1, 2, and 3, and at the end of 30 days of drug administration in Group 4 and 5,blood samples were collected from rats and analyzed for serum androgen levels.

The contribution of vacuum-assisted modified Menghini type needle to diagnosis of US-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy of the thyroid.

Purpose: We aimed to determine the contribution of vacuum-assisted modified Menghini type needle to diagnosis of ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of the thyroid evaluated by a pathologist at the bedside.

Methods: A total of 147 thyroid nodules in 138 patients (122 women, 16 men) were included in this prospective study. Sonographic features of nodules, number of aspirations, pain and pain severity during the process, hemorrhage, and presence of sample obtained for cell block analysis were recorded and analyzed with the results of aspiration biopsy.

The expression of p63 and p53 in keratoacanthoma and intraepidermal and invasive neoplasms of the skin.

p53 is a well-known tumor suppressor gene, and its mutation is a common event in intraepidermal and invasive neoplasms of the skin. p63 is a homologue of the tumor suppressor gene p53, which is expressed in human basal squamous epithelium, and despite its homology to p53, it is considered to act as an oncogene. We evaluated p63 and p53 expression in usual skin cancers, including basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), keratoacanthoma (KA), and intraepidermal neoplasms, including Bowen's disease (BD), actinic keratosis (AK), malignant melanoma in situ (MM in situ), and Paget's disease (PD) to clarify the putative role of p63 and p53 in the development and differential diagnosis of these lesions.